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Wrangell–St. Elias National Park and Preserve - Quiz
Contributed by: Fernandes
  • 1. What percentage of glacial ice in Alaska is accounted for by the mountain ranges of Wrangell–St. Elias?
A) 50 percent
B) 40 percent
C) 60 percent
D) 75 percent
  • 2. Which glacier is the largest piedmont glacier in North America?
A) Malaspina Glacier
B) Hubbard Glacier
C) Nabesna Glacier
D) Tyndall Glacier
  • 3. What is the longest tidewater glacier in Alaska?
A) Nabesna Glacier
B) Guyot Glacier
C) Hubbard Glacier
D) Malaspina Glacier
  • 4. Which glacier is recognized as the world's longest valley glacier?
A) Hubbard Glacier
B) Nabesna Glacier
C) Malaspina Glacier
D) Tyndall Glacier
  • 5. What significant geological feature did a glacial dam in the Copper River valley create during the Wisconsin glaciation?
A) Copper Lake
B) Lake Atna
C) Bremner Lake
D) Valdez Lake
  • 6. When was gold first discovered in the Bremner district of Wrangell–St. Elias?
A) 1925
B) 1901
C) 1913
D) 1890
  • 7. Which mineral was primarily sourced from the Kennecott lode next to the Kennicott Glacier?
A) Copper
B) Nickel
C) Molybdenum
D) Gold
  • 8. What was the copper sulfide ore at Kennecott lode initially assayed to contain?
A) 70% copper
B) 50% copper
C) 80% copper
D) 60% copper
  • 9. Which people settled near the mouth of the Copper River on the Gulf of Alaska?
A) Ahtna people
B) Upper Tanana speakers
C) Eyak people
D) Tlingit people
  • 10. Who was the first European known to have explored the lower Copper River?
A) John Bremner
B) Vitus Bering
C) Lieutenant William Abercrombie
D) George Holt
  • 11. Which company established a permanent trading post at Port Etches in 1793?
A) Northwest Company
B) Hudson's Bay Company
C) Shelikov Company
D) Lebedev-Lastochkin Company
  • 12. In what year did the Tlingit and Eyak attack and destroy the Russian post at Yakutat?
A) 1805
B) 1793
C) 1819
D) 1789
  • 13. Who led an expedition that fully explored the Copper and Chitina rivers in 1885?
A) Lieutenant Henry Tureman Allen
B) Frederick Schwatka
C) John Bremner
D) George Holt
  • 14. Which expedition noted the use of copper by native peoples along the Copper River?
A) Abercrombie expedition
B) Allen expedition
C) Bremner expedition
D) Schwatka expedition
  • 15. What was the fate of a party that started from Taral in 1848 with the intention of reaching the Yukon River?
A) They successfully reached the Yukon River
B) They were killed by the Ahtna
C) They returned to Taral without incident
D) They established a new trading post
  • 16. When are most park facilities open?
A) From June to August
B) Only during winter
C) All year round
D) From May to September
  • 17. What is unique about the Kendesnii campground?
A) It's the only Park Service-managed campground in the park
B) It has over 100 sites
C) It's accessible only by air
D) It's located near Icy Bay
  • 18. Is a permit required for backcountry camping?
A) No, it is allowed without a permit
B) Only during winter months
C) Yes, a special permit is needed
D) Permits are only required for overnight stays
  • 19. What limits mountain biking in the park?
A) Prevailing boggy conditions in the summer
B) The presence of dangerous wildlife
C) Lack of designated trails
D) Strict regulations by the Park Service
  • 20. How many of the 70 tallest mountains in Alaska are located in the park?
A) 50
B) 10
C) 35
D) 25
  • 21. What is required to use off-road vehicles (ORVs) in the preserve?
A) Specific routes and permits
B) No restrictions or requirements
C) An air taxi service reservation
D) A special license from the Park Service
  • 22. Where is sport hunting allowed?
A) Anywhere in the park as long as it's not during peak tourist season
B) Throughout the entire park and preserve
C) Only within the preserve lands
D) In designated areas of the visitor centers
  • 23. Who manages hunting regulations?
A) Local residents' committees
B) Only the National Park Service
C) The National Park Service and the Alaska Department of Fish and Game
D) Alaska's Department of Wildlife Conservation
  • 24. In which year was Wrangell–St. Elias National Park and Preserve established?
A) 1990
B) 1980
C) 1965
D) 1978
  • 25. Who designated Wrangell–St. Elias as a national monument in 1978?
A) President Jimmy Carter
B) President Richard Nixon
C) President Ronald Reagan
D) President George H.W. Bush
  • 26. What is the highest peak within Wrangell–St. Elias National Park and Preserve?
A) Mount Churchill
B) Mount Saint Elias
C) Mount Blackburn
D) Mount Wrangell
  • 27. What is the total area of Wrangell–St. Elias National Park and Preserve?
A) 15,000,000 acres
B) 13,175,799.07 acres (20,587.19 sq mi; 53,320.57 km2)
C) 8,323,147.59 acres
D) 10,000,000 acres
  • 28. What is the largest single wilderness area in the United States located within Wrangell–St. Elias?
A) Wrangell–St. Elias Wilderness
B) Denali Wilderness
C) Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness
D) Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument
  • 29. Which of the following is not a major river in Wrangell–St. Elias National Park?
A) Nabesna River
B) Kuskokwim River
C) Chitina River
D) Chisana River
  • 30. How many of the 16 highest peaks on U.S. soil are located in Wrangell–St. Elias National Park?
A) Five
B) Sixteen
C) Twelve
D) Nine
  • 31. Which of the following is not a major volcano in the Wrangell Range?
A) Mount Blackburn
B) Mount McKinley
C) Mount Churchill
D) Mount Wrangell
  • 32. What geological process leads to the formation of volcanoes inland from the subduction zone?
A) Sedimentation
B) Weathering
C) Subduction
D) Erosion
  • 33. When did the Alaskan coast reach its modern configuration?
A) About 50 million years ago
B) 25 million years ago
C) 75 million years ago
D) 100 million years ago
  • 34. What is the age of the oldest volcanoes in Wrangell–St. Elias National Park and Preserve?
A) About 26 million years old
B) 50 million years old
C) 110 million years old
D) 67 million years old
  • 35. Which terrane is part of the Wrangellia composite terrane?
A) Windy or Yukon-Tanana Terrane
B) Yakutat Terrane
C) Prince William Terrane
D) Chugach Terrane
  • 36. What geological feature is formed by the subduction of the Pacific Plate under Alaska?
A) Plains
B) Mountain ranges
C) Oceans
D) Deserts
  • 37. What type of volcano is Mount Wrangell primarily classified as?
A) Shield volcano
B) Stratovolcano
C) Lava dome
D) Cinder cone
  • 38. What is the height of Mount Wrangell?
A) 14,163 feet (4,317 m)
B) 16,390 feet (5,000 m)
C) 9,040 feet (2,760 m)
D) 13,421 feet (4,091 m)
  • 39. What geological feature is Mount Zanetti?
A) A stratovolcano
B) A large cinder cone
C) A shield volcano
D) A lava dome
  • 40. What type of eruptions does Mount Wrangell's summit produce occasionally?
A) Strombolian eruptions
B) Plinian eruptions
C) Phreatic eruptions
D) Hawaiian eruptions
  • 41. What type of volcanic activity is associated with the arrival of the Yakutat terrane?
A) Rift zone volcanism
B) Hotspot volcanism
C) Lava dome formation
D) Subduction-related volcanism
  • 42. What is the height of Mount Sanford, the tallest of the western Wrangell volcanoes?
A) 13,421 feet (4,091 m)
B) 9,040 feet (2,760 m)
C) 16,237 feet (4,949 m)
D) 14,163 feet (4,317 m)
  • 43. What type of volcanoes are the majority of the Wrangell volcanoes classified as?
A) Stratovolcanoes
B) Lava domes
C) Shield volcanoes
D) Cinder cones
  • 44. Who was sent by the U.S. Geological Survey to find the source of copper ore in Kennicott Glacier?
A) Clarence Warner
B) Oscar Rohn
C) Jack Smith
D) Stephen Birch
  • 45. What was the length of the railway constructed for Kennecott mine?
A) 250 miles (402 km)
B) 195 miles (314 km)
C) 300 miles (482 km)
D) 100 miles (160 km)
  • 46. In which year was the Kennecott operation finally shut down?
A) 1925
B) 1938
C) 1950
D) 1940
  • 47. How much copper did the Kennecott mine yield?
A) 500,000 tons
B) 600,000 tons
C) 800,000 tons
D) 700,000 tons
  • 48. Which oilfield produced oil near Wrangell–St. Elias National Park and Preserve from 1903 to 1933?
A) Nabesna
B) Copper River
C) Kushtaka
D) Katalla
  • 49. Who first proposed a national park in the Chitina Valley?
A) Frank Been
B) Bob Marshall
C) Ernest Gruening
D) Harold L. Ickes
  • 50. What was the name of the 1964 study advocating development and promotion of Alaska parks?
A) Operation Great Land
B) Great Alaskan Adventure
C) National Park Expansion Study
D) Alaska's Future
  • 51. Who introduced the first version of the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act in 1977?
A) Ernest Gruening
B) Walter J. Hickel
C) Mike Gravel
D) Morris K. Udall
  • 52. What year did relations between local residents and the Park Service worsen due to testimony before Congress?
A) 1979
B) 1985
C) 2000
D) 1994
  • 53. Which organization claimed that the UNESCO World Heritage Site designation was part of a UN plan to control U.S. parks?
A) Alaska State Government
B) National Park Service
C) United Nations
D) The John Birch Society
  • 54. In what year was the transborder park system, including Wrangell–St. Elias National Park and Preserve, declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site?
A) 1967
B) 1979
C) 1980
D) 1995
  • 55. What is the average annual extreme minimum temperature at Kennecott Visitor Center according to USDA?
A) -45.0 °F
B) -30.0 °F
C) -37.8 °F
D) -40.0 °F
  • 56. Which month marks the beginning of summer in Wrangell–St. Elias National Park and Preserve?
A) June
B) August
C) July
D) May
  • 57. How many months during winter can temperatures remain below freezing in the park's interior?
A) Three months
B) Five months
C) Seven months
D) Two months
  • 58. Which of these animals is NOT mentioned as important to the habitat within the UNESCO World Heritage Site designation?
A) Wolves
B) Grizzly bears
C) Dall sheep
D) Caribou
  • 59. What is the Plant Hardiness zone at Kennecott Visitor Center?
A) 3a
B) 2c
C) 5a
D) 4b
  • 60. Which of the following is NOT one of the five major environmental categories in Wrangell–St. Elias National Park?
A) Desert
B) Uplands
C) Wetlands
D) Lowlands
  • 61. What type of forest dominates the drier upland regions in Wrangell–St. Elias?
A) Boreal forest (taiga)
B) Savanna
C) Temperate rainforest
D) Tropical rainforest
  • 62. Which tree species is better adapted to fire conditions in the park's upland regions?
A) White spruce
B) Quaking aspen
C) Black spruce
D) Paper birch
  • 63. Which plant is NOT typically found in the wetland areas of Wrangell–St. Elias?
A) Spikerush
B) Cacti
C) Grasses
D) Sedges
  • 64. Which type of ground cover is common in the lowland regions with permafrost?
A) Cacti
B) Tropical ferns
C) Desert shrubs
D) Ground mosses
  • 65. What type of riverbeds are found in the park's glacial valleys?
A) Straight riverbeds
B) Circular riverbeds
C) Braided riverbeds
D) Meandering riverbeds
  • 66. Which plant is NOT typically found in the subalpine environment?
A) Tropical orchids
B) Low shrubs
C) Forbs
D) Graminoids
  • 67. Which endangered sea lion species may be observed along the park’s coastal waters?
A) Steller sea lion
B) California sea lion
C) Harbor seal
D) Dall's porpoise
  • 68. How many species of fish have been documented in the fresh waters of Wrangell–St. Elias National Park?
A) 30
B) 15
C) 21
D) 10
  • 69. Which bird is not listed as one of the most common in Wrangell–St. Elias National Park?
A) Bald eagle
B) Willow ptarmigan
C) Canada goose
D) Raven
  • 70. How many bird species remain in the park during winter?
A) 24
B) 75
C) 93
D) 50
  • 71. Which owl is not mentioned as inhabiting Wrangell–St. Elias National Park?
A) Great horned owl
B) Snowy owl
C) Boreal owl
D) Northern hawk owl
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