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Machu Picchu - Quiz
Contributed by: Garner
  • 1. What is the approximate altitude range of Machu Picchu?
A) 3,000 metres to 3,500 metres above sea level
B) 2,200 metres to 2,500 metres above sea level
C) 2,500 metres to 3,000 metres above sea level
D) 1,500 metres to 2,000 metres above sea level
  • 2. What type of climate does Machu Picchu have?
A) Tropical rainforest climate
B) Subtropical highland climate
C) Desert climate
D) Temperate oceanic climate
  • 3. What is the average annual precipitation at Machu Picchu?
A) 2,010 millimetres
B) 1,000 millimetres
C) 2,500 millimetres
D) 1,500 millimetres
  • 4. What is the annual mean temperature at Machu Picchu?
A) Approximately 25 °C
B) Approximately 18 °C
C) Approximately 10 °C
D) Approximately 30 °C
  • 5. What is the typical humidity level at Machu Picchu?
A) 30–40%
B) 60–70%
C) 50–60%
D) 80–90%
  • 6. What type of vegetation is typical in the area around Machu Picchu?
A) Desert vegetation
B) Tundra vegetation
C) Dense vegetation
D) Sparse vegetation
  • 7. How many main sectors is Machu Picchu divided into?
A) Four
B) Two
C) Three
D) One
  • 8. What is the agricultural sector of Machu Picchu composed of?
A) Terraces (andenes)
B) Forests
C) Mountains
D) Plains
  • 9. What does the urban sector of Machu Picchu contain?
A) Only places of worship
B) Residences, places of worship, and warehouses
C) Only residences
D) Only warehouses
  • 10. What are the two parts of the urban sector?
A) Upper town (Hanan) and lower town (Hurin)
B) North town and south town
C) East town and west town
D) Central town and outer town
  • 11. What is the Sacred Plaza known for?
A) Incorporating the Main Temple and the Temple of the Three Windows
B) Being the residential area
C) Hosting the main market
D) Being the largest plaza in Machu Picchu
  • 12. What is the Intihuatana?
A) A stone bridge
B) A large stone door
C) A pyramid-like stone platform
D) A ceremonial fountain
  • 13. What is the style of the three-sided buildings in Machu Picchu?
A) Trapezoidal style
B) Wayrona style
C) Rectangular style
D) Circular style
  • 14. What was the purpose of the Torreón?
A) It was used as a prison
B) It was used as a marketplace
C) It may have been used as an observatory
D) It was used as a library
  • 15. What is the Popular District also known as?
A) Religious District
B) Residential District
C) Ceremonial District
D) Commercial District
  • 16. What is the Guardian's house known for?
A) It is a multi-story building
B) It is a single-story building
C) It is a circular building
D) It is a three-sided building
  • 17. What was the purpose of the detailed laser scans made by the University of Arkansas?
A) For entertainment purposes
B) For commercial purposes
C) For research purposes
D) For educational purposes
  • 18. What is the Temple of the Condor known for?
A) It includes ritual caves and a large carved stone often interpreted as a condor
B) It is used as a storage building
C) It is the only temple with a roof
D) It is the largest temple in Machu Picchu
  • 19. How are the buildings at Machu Picchu adapted to the terrain?
A) They are built on flat plains
B) They are constructed on steep cliffs
C) They are built underground
D) They are arranged on wide parallel terraces
  • 20. What is the purpose of the kanchas at Machu Picchu?
A) They are long and narrow compounds to exploit the terrain
B) They are square compounds for storage
C) They are triangular compounds for ceremonies
D) They are circular compounds for defense
  • 21. What is the function of the sophisticated channeling systems at Machu Picchu?
A) Provided water for bathing
B) Provided water for cooking
C) Provided irrigation for the fields
D) Provided water for drinking
  • 22. What is the purpose of the stone stairways at Machu Picchu?
A) Allowed access to the different levels across the site
B) Were used for defense
C) Were used for ceremonial purposes
D) Served as decorative elements
  • 23. What is the primary function of the western section of the city?
A) Agricultural purposes
B) Commercial purposes
C) Residential purposes
D) Religious and ceremonial purposes
  • 24. What are the primary archaeological treasures at Machu Picchu?
A) The Guardian's house and the Popular District
B) The Intihuatana, the Temple of the Sun, and the Temple of the Three Windows
C) The Torreón and the Temple of the Condor
D) The Main Square and the Sacred Plaza
  • 25. In which century was Machu Picchu built?
A) 14th century
B) 16th century
C) 15th century
D) 17th century
  • 26. Which river is Machu Picchu located along?
A) Urubamba River
B) Madre de Dios River
C) Amazon River
D) Apurímac River
  • 27. Who is believed to have used Machu Picchu as an estate?
A) Inca emperor Huayna Capac
B) Inca emperor Pachacuti
C) Inca emperor Manco Inca
D) Inca emperor Atahualpa
  • 28. Who brought Machu Picchu to international attention in 1911?
A) French archaeologist Jacques de Mahieu
B) British explorer Sir Richard Francis Burton
C) Peruvian explorer Agustín Lizárraga
D) American historian Hiram Bingham III
  • 29. When was Machu Picchu designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site?
A) 1978
B) 2007
C) 1990
D) 1983
  • 30. What is the meaning of 'Machu' in Quechua?
A) 'Mountain'
B) 'Old' or 'old person'
C) 'Sun'
D) 'Young'
  • 31. What does 'Picchu' refer to in Quechua?
A) 'Temple'
B) 'Summit', 'peak', or 'pyramid'
C) 'Valley'
D) 'River'
  • 32. What is the likely original name of Machu Picchu?
A) 'Inti Watana'
B) 'Huayna Picchu'
C) 'Cusco'
D) 'Machu Pichu'
  • 33. What is the name of the mountain that shares its name with the likely original name of Machu Picchu?
A) Machu Picchu
B) Huayna Picchu
C) Wayna Picchu
D) Inti Watana
  • 34. When was Machu Picchu named one of the New Seven Wonders of the World?
A) 2007
B) 2005
C) 2010
D) 2015
  • 35. How many visitors does Machu Picchu receive annually as of 2025?
A) Over 500,000
B) Over 1 million
C) Over 2 million
D) Over 1.5 million
  • 36. What is the name of the province where Machu Picchu is situated?
A) Cusco Province
B) Arequipa Province
C) Puno Province
D) Urubamba Province
  • 37. What is the name of the valley near Machu Picchu?
A) Lost Valley
B) Hidden Valley
C) Mystic Valley
D) Sacred Valley
  • 38. What was Machu Picchu primarily used as during its occupation?
A) A seasonal royal retreat
B) A trading hub
C) A permanent capital city
D) A military fortress
  • 39. What disease is suggested to have affected the inhabitants of Machu Picchu before the Spanish arrival?
A) Cholera
B) Malaria
C) Tuberculosis
D) Smallpox
  • 40. What type of site is Machu Picchu considered to be?
A) A royal estate
B) A trade center
C) A commoner village
D) A religious temple
  • 41. What type of measurements were used in the 2021 study to date Machu Picchu's occupation?
A) AMS radiocarbon measurements
B) Potassium-argon dating
C) Dendrochronology
D) Thermoluminescence dating
  • 42. Who led the 2021 study that provided new insights into Machu Picchu's chronology?
A) Hiram Bingham
B) John H. Rowe
C) Gordon Willey
D) Richard L. Burger
  • 43. What was the primary reason for the reduced staffing during winter?
A) Increased agricultural activities
B) Trade expeditions
C) Religious festivals
D) The harsher season
  • 44. What does the lower level of arthritis and bone fractures in skeletal remains suggest?
A) Higher levels of physical activity
B) More frequent military service
C) More heavy physical labor
D) Less heavy physical labor
  • 45. What role did guinea pigs play at Machu Picchu?
A) Agricultural work
B) Companionship
C) Funerary rituals
D) Transportation
  • 46. What was the estimated maximum population that the agricultural output of Machu Picchu could support?
A) 1500 people.
B) 3000 people.
C) 750 people.
D) 500 people.
  • 47. Why was routine irrigation generally unnecessary for the terraces at Machu Picchu?
A) Because the area received ample rainfall.
B) Because the terraces were close to a river.
C) Because the terraces were built on a plateau.
D) Because of advanced irrigation technology.
  • 48. What was the main ceremonial crop grown at Machu Picchu?
A) Barley.
B) Maize.
C) Potatoes.
D) Quinoa.
  • 49. What type of animal remains were commonly found at Machu Picchu, indicating ritual sacrifice?
A) Guinea pigs.
B) Alpacas.
C) Llamas.
D) Camelids.
  • 50. Which Spanish conquistador documented a visit to a mountain fortress with majestic buildings?
A) Baltasar de Ocampo
B) Diego de Almagro
C) Francisco Pizarro
D) Hernando de Soto
  • 51. What material were the lintels of the doors at the mountain fortress made of?
A) Granite
B) Marble
C) Sandstone
D) Limestone
  • 52. Who is suggested to have rediscovered and exploited Machu Picchu in the late 19th century?
A) J. M. von Hassel
B) Hiram Bingham
C) T. H. Holmes
D) Augusto Berns
  • 53. Which engineer is suggested to have arrived at Machu Picchu earlier than Augusto Berns, though without solid evidence?
A) T. H. Holmes
B) Augusto Berns
C) Hiram Bingham
D) J. M. von Hassel
  • 54. In what year is Machu Picchu first referenced on maps?
A) 1920
B) 1904
C) 1874
D) 1850
  • 55. Who led the expedition that first reached the stone structures of Machu Picchu in 1902?
A) Carlos Romero
B) Agustín Lizárraga
C) Melchor Arteaga
D) Hiram Bingham
  • 56. In what year did Hiram Bingham visit Machu Picchu?
A) 1922
B) 1912
C) 1911
D) 1902
  • 57. Which villager led Hiram Bingham to Machu Picchu?
A) Pablito
B) Melchor Arteaga
C) Richarte
D) Sergeant Carrasco
  • 58. Who was the chief historian in Lima that Bingham consulted?
A) Agustín Lizárraga
B) Father Antonio de la Calancha
C) Melchor Arteaga
D) Carlos Romero
  • 59. What did Bingham find at the top of Huayna Picchu?
A) A modern village
B) A treasure trove of gold
C) A lost manuscript
D) Excellent ruins
  • 60. What did Bingham name the ruins at Espíritu Pampa?
A) Rosaspata
B) Trombone Pampa
C) Machu Picchu
D) Vilcabamba Viejo
  • 61. Who further explored the ruins at Espíritu Pampa in 1964?
A) Agustín Lizárraga
B) Hiram Bingham
C) Melchor Arteaga
D) Gene Savoy
  • 62. What did Gene Savoy identify Espíritu Pampa as?
A) Vilcabamba Viejo
B) Choqquequirau
C) Machu Picchu
D) Rosaspata
  • 63. What did Bingham compare his discovery of Machu Picchu to?
A) The French fishermen visiting North America
B) The discovery of the New World by the Norsemen
C) Columbus discovering America
D) The exploration of the Amazon River
  • 64. What was the name of the old Inca capital that Bingham rediscovered?
A) Choqquequirau
B) Machu Picchu
C) Huayna Picchu
D) Vitcos
  • 65. Who accused Yale of profiting from Peru's cultural heritage?
A) Eliane Karp
B) The Prefect of Cusco
C) Hiram Bingham
D) The National Geographic Society
  • 66. When was the third and final batch of artifacts delivered to Peru?
A) November 2007
B) November 2012
C) November 2006
D) November 2010
  • 67. Who led the international team that investigated the Principal Plaza of Machu Picchu between 2017 and 2019?
A) John Hemming
B) Luis Valcarcel
C) Hiram Bingham
D) Nicola Masini
  • 68. What was the initial form of the Principal Plaza before it was expanded?
A) A stone-paved market area
B) A smaller sunken plaza (plaza hundida)
C) A large open field
D) A residential complex
  • 69. In which year was the area surrounding Machu Picchu declared a 'Historic Sanctuary' by Peru?
A) 1985
B) 1987
C) 1981
D) 1983
  • 70. How many square kilometers is the area declared as a 'Historic Sanctuary' around Machu Picchu?
A) 325.92
B) 400.00
C) 500.00
D) 250.00
  • 71. Which animal is not listed as a resident species in the Machu Picchu sanctuary?
A) Andean fox
B) Puma
C) Polar bear
D) Spectacled bear
  • 72. What type of tree is not mentioned as being found in the Machu Picchu area?
A) Ferns
B) Palms
C) Gymnosperms
D) Oak
  • 73. What is the official name of the town located below the ruins of Machu Picchu?
A) Cusco
B) Ollantaytambo
C) Aguas Calientes
D) Urubamba
  • 74. Which of the following is not a twin town of Machu Picchu?
A) Paris, France
B) Petra, Jordan
C) Fukushima, Japan
D) Haworth, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom
  • 75. In which year did tourist numbers at Machu Picchu exceed 1.5 million?
A) 2020
B) 2025
C) 2023
D) 2021
  • 76. Which event led to the temporary closure of Machu Picchu in 2010?
A) Landslide
B) Severe flooding caused by El Niño
C) Earthquake
D) Volcanic eruption
  • 77. In which year was Machu Picchu closed to visitors due to the COVID-19 pandemic?
A) 2020
B) 2019
C) 2022
D) 2021
  • 78. What was the reason for the indefinite closure of Machu Picchu on 22 January 2023?
A) Natural disaster
B) Government policy change
C) 2022–2023 Peruvian protests
D) Infrastructure failure
  • 79. How does the climate of Machu Picchu compare to that of Cusco?
A) Warmer
B) Same as Cusco
C) Milder
D) Colder
  • 80. What type of rock primarily composes the bedrock at Machu Picchu?
A) Granite
B) Sandstone
C) Marble
D) Limestone
  • 81. What unique architectural feature does Inti Mach'ay have?
A) A large dome
B) A spiral staircase
C) A tunnel-like window
D) A water fountain
  • 82. What unique feature do the joints of the Temple of the Three Windows display?
A) Straight lines
B) Zigzag patterns
C) Helical planes
D) Circular patterns
  • 83. What material were the ropes made from to move stones?
A) Hemp fibers
B) Flax fibers
C) Cotton fibers
D) Maguey fibers
  • 84. What was the likely method for moving stones from higher to lower elevations?
A) Using pulleys
B) Using cranes
C) Using elevators
D) Using ramps with gentle inclines
  • 85. What is the name of the pass at the highest altitude on the Inca Trail?
A) Warmi Wañusqa
B) Inti Punku
C) Huayna Picchu
D) Salkantay Pass
  • 86. What is required to hike the Inca Trail?
A) Booking through a tourism agency
B) A letter of recommendation from a travel agency
C) A guide from the local community
D) A special permit from the Peruvian government
  • 87. Why is the road travel route less recommended during the rainy season?
A) Potential landslide risks
B) Closed roads
C) Heavy traffic
D) Lack of transportation services
  • 88. How long is the new paved roadway to Machu Picchu?
A) 25 kilometers (15 miles)
B) 28.41 kilometers (22 miles)
C) 35 kilometers (22 miles)
D) 30 kilometers (18 miles)
  • 89. Which biopic features Machu Picchu prominently and is based on Che Guevara's travel memoir?
A) The Argentine (2005)
B) The Motorcycle Diaries (2004)
C) Che (2008)
D) Guevara (2007)
  • 90. Which Simpsons episode features Machu Picchu?
A) The Mook, the Chef, the Wife and Her Homer (2014)
B) Lost Verizon (2008)
C) Marge in Chains (2004)
D) The President Wore Pearls (2003)
  • 91. Which multimedia artist's series includes footage of Machu Picchu?
A) Banksy's Dismaland
B) Kimsooja's Thread Routes series (2010)
C) Ai Weiwei's Circle of Animals/Zodiac Heads
D) Olafur Eliasson's The Weather Project
  • 92. Which Indian Tamil-language film's song was filmed at Machu Picchu?
A) 2.0 (2018)
B) Kadhalan (1994)
C) Baahubali (2015)
D) Enthiran (2010)
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