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JULIET 2- LEA 3
Contributed by: Gentalian
  • 1. A private security agency implements cost-cutting by assigning one guard to
    monitor three different posts simultaneously. Under RA 11917, this practice primarily
    violates which principle of professional management?
A) C. Compliance to service contract obligations
B) B. Standardization of post duties
C) D. Rotation of personnel
D) A. Optimization of manpower
  • 2. 2. RA 11917 redefines the role of security managers as strategic partners in national
    safety. Which of the following best reflects that shift?
A) D. A manager limits guard functions to access control
B) C. A manager focuses on surveillance only
C) A. A manager assigns guards based on seniority
D) B. A manager integrates security protocols with disaster preparedness plans
  • 3. If a company’s security director adopts RA 11917’s principle of “professionalization,” the closest analogy is:
A) B. A mechanic adjusting tools for faster repair
B) A. A doctor maintaining continuous medical education
C) C. A clerk following old company rules
D) D. A farmer changing planting schedules
  • 4. The essence of RA 11917 can be best evaluated as:
A) A. Promoting security as mere enforcement
B) B. Elevating security management to a recognized profession
C) D. Encouraging more commercial licenses
D) C. Restricting entry into the field of private protection
  • 5. RA 11917 directs that private security managers shall undergo continuous
    competency development. Which practice contradicts this policy
A) D. Participation in PNP-SOSIA certification
B) C. Renewal of license without retraining
C) B. Seminar on modern threat response
D) A. Annual re-training of guards
  • 6. A security agency continues to deploy unlicensed guards, claiming they are
    “trainees.” From the perspective of RA 11917, what principle is violated?
A) A. Professional regulation and accountability
B) C. Managerial discretion in deployment
C) D. Training exemption clause
D) B. Operational flexibility of agencies
  • 7. If RA 11917 aims to elevate security services into a profession, which of the
    following actions by a company best fulfills that legislative intent?
A) B. Implementing continuing professional development and ethics training
B) C. Outsourcing background checks
C) A. Reducing the guard-to-client ratio
D) D. Limiting the scope of internal audits
  • 8. In the analogy of law to practice, RA 11917 is to private security as:
A) B. The Civil Code is to property
B) D. The NBI Charter is to investigation
C) C. The Penal Code is to punishment
D) A. The Labor Code is to employment
  • 9. A manager insists that “experience outweighs licensing” when hiring guards. As a
    consultant, what evaluation should you make under RA 11917?
A) C. It promotes efficient manpower use
B) A. It violates regulatory competence standards
C) B. It aligns with practical field operations
D) D. It reduces administrative load
  • 10. If RA 11917 serves as a quality benchmark for the private security profession, which of the following outcomes would best indicate compliance?
A) D. Decrease in security awareness training
B) A. Reduced turnover due to higher wages
C) C. Increase in unregistered security firms
D) B. Consistent adherence to competency-based performance standards
  • 11. . RA No. 11917 modernizes the private security industry by emphasizing
    professionalism. If a security agency fails to comply with the competency standards, what principle of professional practice is most compromised?
A) A. Efficiency in operations
B) B. Ethical accountability
C) C. Institutional autonomy
D) D. Corporate sustainability
  • 12. A security manager insists on employing unlicensed guards due to labor
    shortages. Under RA No. 11917, this reflects a violation of which managerial
    responsibility?
A) C. Fiscal accountability
B) D. Administrative discretion
C) A. Delegation of authority
D) B. Regulatory compliance in operational management
  • 13. RA No. 11917 aims to strengthen the link between the private security sector and
    national peacekeeping functions. This is most analogous to:
A) C. A private bank following BSP risk assessment
B) D. A corporate lawyer bound by IBP ethics
C) B. A barangay tanod acting as a police auxiliary
D) A. A private nurse working under DOH regulation
  • 14. A chief security officer integrates RA 11917 principles into staff evaluation. The
    most outcome-based measure of compliance would be:
A) C. The ratio of guards to clients
B) D. The frequency of policy updates
C) B. The consistency of security actions with ethical standards
D) A. The number of personnel trained annually
  • 15. RA No. 11917 professionalizes the security industry. Which scenario best
    illustrates its intended operational effect?
A) B. Guards exercising discretion guided by legal standards
B) D. Agencies avoiding government audits
C) A. Security firms competing for higher pay rates
D) C. Managers outsourcing training programs
  • 16. RA 11917 addresses the need for professionals to adhere to a code of ethics. What is the primary purpose of this code?
A) b) To provide guidelines for professional conduct and integrity
B) d) To promote competition among professionals
C) c) To limit the number of professionals in a specific field
D) a) To ensure professionals earn a high income
  • 17. Under RA 11917, what is the role of the Professional Regulation Commission
    (PRC) in relation to the PRBs?
A) b) To provide funding for the PRBs
B) a) To supervise and control the PRBs
C) d) To ignore the PRBs
D) c) To compete with the PRBs
  • 18. RA 11917 aims to enhance the competence of professionals. Which of the
    following is NOT a strategy employed to achieve this goal?
A) b) Mandating Continuing Professional Development (CPD)
B) a) Implementing rigorous licensure examinations
C) c) Encouraging research and innovation in professional fields
D) d) Guaranteeing employment for all professionals
  • 19. According to RA 11917, what is the significance of having updated and relevant
    professional standards?
A) d) To limit the scope of practice for professionals
B) b) To ensure professionals meet global benchmarks and can compete internationally
C) c) To reduce the cost of professional services
D) a) To make it easier for professionals to find jobs
  • 20. In the context of RA 11917, what is the potential impact of effective regulation
    and management of professions on the general public?
A) b) Higher prices for professional services
B) d) Reduced access to professional services
C) a) Increased taxes for the public
D) c) Enhanced quality and safety of professional services
  • 21. A security agency continues operations despite license expiration. Under RA
    11917, which principle of professional practice is being violated?
A) D. Operational discretion
B) B. Administrative coordination
C) C. Ethical governance
D) A. Regulatory compliance
  • 22. RA 11917 emphasizes the “professionalization” of private security. This primarily
    aims to:
A) B. Ensure standardized training and accountability
B) C. Expand the jurisdiction of the PNP
C) D. Allow private security to act as quasi-police forces
D) A. Reduce the cost of agency operations
  • 23. A company insists on hiring unlicensed guards to cut costs. From a management
    ethics perspective under RA 11917, the security manager should:
A) B. Refuse compliance and justify business necessity
B) D. Wait for formal complaint before acting
C) A. Report the company to DTI
D) C. Uphold the law despite business pressure
  • 24. The creation of a Comprehensive Training Curriculum under RA 11917 supports
    which management principle?
A) A. Efficiency over legality
B) C. Profit-driven motivation
C) B. Integration of competence and accountability
D) D. Centralized command approach
  • 25. When a security director designs a corporate policy consistent with RA 11917,
    the act is a demonstration of:
A) C. Professional autonomy and responsibility
B) B. Managerial compliance
C) A. Ethical minimalism
D) D. Administrative hierarchy
  • 26. Which situation best demonstrates the application of customer relations training
    for security professionals?
A) A. A guard ignores customer concerns to maintain discipline
B) B. A guard de-escalates a confrontation through calm communication
C) D. A guard prioritizes rules over empathy
D) C. A guard detains a customer for minor inconvenience
  • 27. 27. Corporate intelligence differs from investigation in that it:
A) C. Involves court procedures
B) D. Deals only with insider theft
C) A. Focuses on criminal liability
D) B. Aims to anticipate threats for decision-making
  • 28. When a guard performs a fire drill with customers present, it shows:
A) C. Overstepping of duties
B) B. Coordination of customer relations with safety protoco
C) A. Violation of safety ethics
D) D. Failure of situational awareness
  • 29. In customer interaction, the primary skill that reflects professionalism is:
A) A. Assertive body language
B) D. Physical authority
C) C. Verbal dominance
D) B. Emotional intelligence and restraint
  • 30. Corporate intelligence supports security management by:
A) A. Detecting minor violations
B) D. Collecting data without analysis
C) C. Focusing on post-crime reporting
D) B. Predicting business risks through information synthesis
  • 31. During a crowd-control operation, a client becomes verbally aggressive toward a
    security guard demanding immediate access. The guard maintains composure, uses
    active listening, and calmly explains entry procedures. This response best reflects
    which principle of professional conduct?
A) B. Customer-centred communication and conflict de-escalation
B) D. Defensive compliance to avoid escalation
C) C. Strict enforcement without compromise
D) A. Command presence over customers
  • 32. A guard notices that fire exits are consistently blocked by store merchandise.
    Instead of filing a report, he verbally warns the store manager, who promises to “fix it
    later.” The guard’s decision primarily fails in which safety protocol area?
A) D. Emergency command protocol
B) C. Safety communication ethics
C) A. Reporting chain of command
D) B. Preventive risk escalation
  • 33. In analogy, “Professional courtesy is to customer relations” as “situational
    awareness is to ___
A) B. Operational discipline
B) A. Uniform compliance
C) C. Personal safety and incident prevention
D) D. Administrative reporting
  • 34. During a building evacuation drill, a guard prioritizes escorting VIP tenants first, delaying assistance to elderly occupants. In evaluating his decision based on safety
    hierarchy, what is the most accurate analysis?
A) B. Violates impartiality and universal duty of care in emergency protocol
B) A. Acceptable prioritization since VIPs are high-value clients
C) C. Logistically correct because VIPs move faster and clear exits sooner
D) D. Proper since client satisfaction is primary in service delivery
  • 35. A security supervisor introduces a new standard greeting procedure aimed at
    improving customer rapport. After implementation, customer complaints about
    rudeness decrease, but response time to incidents slightly increases. From a
    management evaluation perspective, what is the most balanced action?
A) D. Enforce stricter penalties for slow response times
B) B. Continue the policy without modification
C) C. Reassess workflow to integrate courtesy without compromising readiness
D) A. Discontinue the new greeting to restore speed
  • 36. Scenario: A company's security team is receiving numerous complaints about
    their handling of customer inquiries, often perceived as dismissive and unhelpful. What is the MOST effective long-term solution to address this issue?
A) c) Integrate comprehensive customer service training, including active listening and empathy, into the security team's ongoing professional development.
B) a) Replace the entire security team with personnel from a customer service background.
C) d) Reduce the security team's interaction with customers to minimize potential conflicts
D) b) Implement a zero-tolerance policy for complaints against security personne
  • 37. Analogy: A company's security and safety protocols are to its operations as ___
    is to a human body
A) d) A comfortable chair
B) a) A stylish outfit.
C) b) A balanced diet and regular exercise.
D) c) A first-aid kit.
  • 38. Analysis: During a corporate investigation into a potential data breach, it is
    discovered that several employees routinely bypass security protocols for the sake of
    convenience. Which approach would BEST balance the need for security with
    employee productivity?
A) c) Conduct a thorough review of existing security protocols, identify areas of unnecessary friction, and implement user-friendly alternatives while reinforcing security awareness training.
B) b) Ignore the breaches to avoid disrupting employee morale and productivity.
C) d) Implement stricter, more complex security protocols to deter future breaches, regardless of the impact on productivity
D) a) Immediately terminate all employees who bypassed security protocols.
  • 39. Evaluation: Which of the following Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) would
    provide the MOST comprehensive assessment of a company's overall security
    effectiveness?
A) c) A combination of reduced security incidents, improved employee awareness scores, and positive customer feedback on security interactions
B) a) The number of security drills conducted per year.
C) b) The amount of money spent on security technology and personnel
D) d) The number of security certifications held by security personnel.
  • 40. Application: While monitoring surveillance footage, you observe an individual
    attempting to access a restricted area using a keycard that does not appear to
    belong to them. What is the MOST appropriate immediate action?
A) d) Publicly confront the individual and demand an explanation in front of other employees and visitors.
B) a) Immediately alert all security personnel and initiate a lockdown of the facility
C) b) Ignore the situation unless the individual successfully gains access to the restricted area.
D) c) Discreetly approach the individual, politely inquire about their identity and purpose, and verify the validity of the keycard
  • 41. A guard mishandles a customer complaint, causing reputational damage. Which
    security training dimension was most deficient?
A) A. Customer relations and crisis communication
B) B. Surveillance techniques
C) D. Firearms proficiency
D) C. Legal procedures
  • 42. In an incident review, investigators found that guards failed to coordinate
    information on suspicious individuals. What corporate intelligence weakness does
    this reflect?
A) B. Excessive procedural compliance
B) A. Poor information integration
C) D. Lack of physical deterrence
D) C. Overreliance on electronic systems
  • 43. .In an analogy, “Security training” is to “prevention” as “investigation” is to ______.
A) D. cooperation
B) C. deterrence
C) A. detection
D) B. discipline
  • 44. If you were to evaluate a company’s safety protocol, what metric best measures
    its effectiveness?
A) D. Cost of materials used
B) A. Reduction in incident recurrence after implementation
C) C. Frequency of drills
D) B. Number of employees trained
  • 45. A hotel’s security team excels in intelligence gathering but fails in guest
    satisfaction. What recommendation reflects higher-order thinking?
A) A. Integrate human relations training with corporate intelligence modules
B) B. Replace personnel with IT-based monitoring
C) D. Focus solely on surveillance hardware
D) C. Isolate intelligence from guest operations
  • 46. (Situational Analysis – Application of Security Protocols) A private security officer
    assigned to a corporate lobby observes a visitor insisting on bypassing the logbook
    because he is a “frequent VIP guest.” The officer politely insists on the security
    protocol, but the visitor becomes irate. As a trained professional, which of the
    following actions best demonstrates the correct balance of security discipline and
    customer relations
A) A. Allow entry to avoid conflict, since the visitor claims VIP status.
B) C. Maintain composure, explain the protocol’s importance in a respectful manner, and discreetly verify with superiors if exceptions apply.
C) B. Call for backup immediately and confront the visitor in a firm tone
D) D. Deny entry outright and warn the visitor that noncompliance is a violation
  • 47. (Evaluation – Corporate Intelligence Integration) During an internal investigation, a corporate security officer learns of a potential data leak from an employee who
    frequently accesses sensitive files outside work hours. From a corporate intelligence
    perspective, which initial approach best upholds both investigative integrity and
    organizational ethics?
A) B. Conduct discreet surveillance and document patterns before informing management
B) C. Immediately suspend the employee pending investigation.
C) D. Ignore the activity until concrete proof of data theft is found.
D) A. Publicly confront the employee to make an example for others.
  • 48. (Analogy – Coordination and Crisis Management) Customer Relations is to trust- building, as Security Protocol Compliance is to ________.
A) C. Corporate flexibility
B) D. Conflict prevention
C) B. Operational discipline
D) A. Convenience of service
  • 49. (Analytical – Risk Management in Operations) A company implements an
    emergency evacuation drill. During the drill, some employees refuse to participate, considering it “a waste of time.” If you were the head of corporate security, how
    should you evaluate and act in this situation to enhance safety culture?
A) D. Repeat the drill without feedback to ensure familiarity
B) C. Conduct a debriefing to identify behavioral gaps and emphasize real-world implications of non-compliance.
C) B. Submit a report and recommend termination for those who disobey.
D) A. Penalize all non-participants immediately
  • 50. . (Evaluation/Policy Judgment – Investigation Ethics) An internal investigator
    gathers confidential information by accessing private emails without authorization, arguing it was “for company protection.” How should this action be evaluated under
    professional investigation ethics?
A) D. Justifiable only if ordered by management.
B) B. Acceptable if done discreetly.
C) C. Unethical because it violates privacy rights and due process, regardless of motive.
D) A. Acceptable if it prevents corporate loss.
  • 51. (Analytical – Security Survey Integration) A multinational company is planning to
    relocate its operations to a new city. The management requests a comprehensive
    security survey before the move. As the chief security consultant, which of the
    following actions best demonstrates the proper sequencing and analytical use of a
    security survey?
A) C. Interview employees first, then design new policies without physical inspection.
B) B. Begin with site observation, followed by data gathering, risk identification, and recommendation of layered security measures.
C) A. Conduct risk assessment only after incidents occur
D) D. Draft security protocols immediately without environmental scanning.
  • 52. (Evaluation – Personnel and Physical Security Application) During a night
    inspection, a security manager notices that several guards in a high-value
    warehouse rely solely on CCTV monitoring and do not perform physical patrols. From a risk management perspective, which assessment is most accurate?
A) B. Risky because technological reliance reduces deterrence and real-time response
B) A. Acceptable since technology can replace manpower
C) C. Efficient because it saves manpower resources.
D) D. Permissible if incidents are infrequent.
  • 53. (Analogy – Risk Control Logic) Security Survey is to identifying vulnerabilities, as
    Risk Management is to ________.
A) B. Controlling and mitigating identified threats
B) D. Recruiting qualified guards
C) A. Responding to emergencies
D) C. Recording all incidents
  • 54. (Applied Evaluation – Document and Information Security) A confidential report on
    internal investigations was leaked online. Initial inquiry shows that the file was
    accessed through an unsecured personal email of a company officer. In terms of
    document and information security policy, what is the most appropriate
    organizational response?
A) A. Strengthen digital access control and implement strict data classification protocols.
B) D. Increase surveillance on all staff computers without consent.
C) B. Dismiss the employee immediately to set an example.
D) C. Restrict all email communications without policy review.
  • 55. (Evaluation/Strategic Judgment – Business Continuity Management Plan) After a
    fire incident, a company’s headquarters is rendered unusable. However, operations
    resume within 48 hours through remote setups and temporary satellite offices. What
    aspect of the Business Continuity Management Plan (BCMP) was most effectively
    demonstrated?
A) C. Strategic redundancy and recovery implementation
B) D. Insurance claim processing
C) A. Emergency response readiness
D) B. Facility evacuation procedures
  • 56. A company conducts a risk assessment identifying data theft as a primary threat. The next logical step under business continuity planning is:
A) B. Developing an incident response plan
B) D. Conducting employee drills
C) C. Installing more lighting
D) A. Hiring additional guards
  • 57. . If physical security protects tangible assets, information security protects
    intangible ones. By analogy, personnel security protects:
A) D. Corporate image
B) A. Access credentials
C) C. Firewalls and passwords
D) B. Trust and reliability
  • 58. A comprehensive security plan must be:
A) B. Proactive and integrative
B) A. Reactive and segment
C) D. Defensive and passive
D) C. Procedural and limited
  • 59. When a risk manager prioritizes threats based on probability and impact, he is
    primarily applying the principle of:
A) A. Security audit
B) D. Loss estimation
C) C. Threat profiling
D) B. Risk quantification
  • 60. The relationship between risk management and business continuity is most like:
A) B. Cause and effect
B) D. Fire and extinguisher
C) C. Plan and rehearsal
D) A. Lock and key
  • 61. A company’s risk management plan identified threats but failed during an actual
    cyberattack. What analytical weakness occurred?
A) D. Overdelegation of duties
B) C. Too much documentation
C) A. Lack of dynamic threat simulation
D) B. Excessive focus on fire safety
  • 62. If physical security is to perimeter protection, what is document security to?
A) C. Asset visibility
B) D. Guard rotation
C) A. Data confidentiality
D) B. Access control
  • 63. Which scenario best demonstrates integration of Business Continuity
    Management (BCM) principles?
A) D. Hiring external auditors post-crisis
B) B. Immediate employee retraining
C) C. Acquisition of insurance policy only
D) A. Rapid operational recovery despite facility damage
  • 64. When conducting a security survey, what step shows the highest analytical
    competence?
A) D. Writing a generic safety report
B) B. Listing all available equipment
C) C. Interviewing random employees only
D) A. Linking identified vulnerabilities with risk probability and consequence
  • 65. .In evaluating risk mitigation strategies, which factor should dominate decision- making?
A) A. Cost-benefit ratio versus threat likelihood
B) B. Supervisor preference
C) C. Client demand
D) D. Legal documentation alone
  • 66. Scenario: A company is relocating its headquarters to a new building. As the
    security consultant, you are tasked with conducting a security survey. Which of the
    following actions should be your FIRST priority?
A) c) Assessing the external threats and vulnerabilities of the new location.
B) a) Installing the latest security technology.
C) b) Reviewing the company’s existing security policies and procedures.
D) d) Interviewing all employees to gather their security concerns.
  • 67. Analogy: A Business Continuity Management Plan (BCMP) is to a company as ___ is to a ship during a storm.
A) b) A detailed passenger manifest.
B) a) A fresh coat of paint.
C) d) A fully stocked galley.
D) c) A well-trained crew following emergency protocols
  • 68. A company experiences a data breach that compromises sensitive
    customer information. Upon investigation, it is discovered that the company's
    document and information security protocols were inadequate. Which of the following
    actions would BEST address this vulnerability and prevent future incidents?
A) b) Implement stricter penalties for employees who violate data security policies
B) a) Increase the budget for cybersecurity software.
C) c) Conduct a comprehensive risk assessment, update document and information security protocols, and provide regular training to employees on data protection best practices.
D) d) Hire more IT personnel to monitor network traffic
  • 69. . Evaluation: Which of the following metrics would provide the MOST
    comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of a company's physical security
    measures?
A) c) A combination of reduced security incidents, successful perimeter breach attempts, and employee feedback on safety perceptions.
B) d) The amount of money spent on physical security equipment and personnel
C) a) The number of security cameras installed on the premises
D) b) The number of security guards patrolling the facility.
  • 70. Application: During a personnel security screening, you discover that an
    applicant has misrepresented their employment history. What is the MOST
    appropriate initial action?
A) d) Publicly confront the applicant and demand an explanation for the misrepresentation.
B) c) Conduct a thorough investigation to verify the accuracy of the applicant’s information and assess the potential risk to the organization.
C) a) Immediately reject the applicant without further consideration.
D) b) Ignore the discrepancy if the applicant is otherwise qualified
  • 71. During a security survey of a financial institution, the surveyor notes that CCTV
    coverage is excellent, but access logs show frequent tailgating through controlled
    doors. What conclusion best reflects an analytical evaluation of the institution’s
    security posture?
A) B. Surveillance compensates for procedural lapses
B) A.Physical security measures are effective and sufficient.
C) C. The human element in access control weakens an otherwise strong system
D) D. The tailgating issue is minor since no breach has yet occurred.
  • 72. A security planner recommends reducing guard posts and replacing them with
    biometric access and alarm systems. From a management evaluation standpoint,
    this decision primarily tests the balance between:
A) A. Technology dependence versus manpower redundancy
B) C. Budget allocation versus client perception
C) D. Legal compliance versus administrative convenience
D) B. Physical barrier design versus emergency evacuation speed
  • 73. . In analogy: “Personnel security screening is to loyalty assurance” as “document
    security control is to ____.”
A) A. Records retrieval efficiency
B) B. Confidentiality and integrity assurance
C) D. Archival accessibility
D) C. Data digitization accuracy
  • 74. . During an information security audit, the team discovers that confidential reports
    are being sent via unsecured email but only to trusted personnel. What is the best
    analytical judgment regarding this practice?
A) C. Efficient communication outweighs minor risk
B) A. Acceptable since recipients are authorized
C) B. Violation of confidentiality principle due to insecure transmission medium
D) D. Minor issue if files are later deleted
  • 75. A corporate facility has strong physical barriers and strict personnel vetting, yet
    an internal data leak occurs through an employee’s USB device. What evaluation
    most accurately identifies the planning weakness?
A) C. Ineffective background investigation
B) A. Failure of physical access control
C) D. Inadequate visitor management procedures
D) B. Overemphasis on perimeter defense, neglecting information security policy
  • 76. Which of the following urban planning strategies most closely mirrors the principle
    of 'territorial reinforcement' in physical security design?
A) A. Creating a centralized business district to encourage economic growth
B) C. Zoning residential areas with clear boundaries and layered access control
C) D. Promoting walkable streets to enhance community interaction
D) B. Installing CCTV cameras at every street corner to reduce crime
  • 77. A newly built commercial complex features wide open spaces, minimal
    landscaping barriers, and large glass facades. Despite its aesthetic appeal, several
    theft incidents occur. From a Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design
    (CPTED) perspective, which design flaw most likely contributed to the breaches in
    security?
A) D. The use of modern materials prone to forced entry
B) A. Absence of defensive architecture like bollards
C) C. Overcrowding of retail shops limiting natural surveillance
D) B. Excessive transparency in façade design reducing perceived control
  • 78. In the context of philosophical foundations of security, which approach best
    justifies integrating urban greenspaces in high-risk urban areas?
A) B. Utilitarian – Urban greenspaces reduce crime and promote overall public well- being
B) A. Deontological – Urban greenery is a duty of the government regardless of outcomes
C) D. Social Contract – Citizens must follow rules set by planners who include greenspaces
D) C. Virtue Ethics – Green areas reflect the moral character of urban developers
  • 79. Which design intervention demonstrates the most effective convergence of urban
    planning and physical security to deter criminal behaviour without compromising
    public accessibility?
A) C. Mixed-use developments with passive surveillance and active frontage
B) B. Narrow alleyways with overhead motion sensors
C) A. High steel perimeter fencing with monitored gates
D) D. Isolated parks with hidden CCTV systems
  • 80. A security audit compares two residential developments: Development A uses
    gated entries, no public parks, and opaque perimeter walls. Development B uses
    open fencing, public walkways, and strategically placed community amenities. Which
    conclusion is most accurate based on modern security design principles?
A) B. Development B poses higher security risk due to permeability and openness
B) C. Development B fosters natural surveillance and community ownership, making it more resilient.
C) A. Development A is more secure due to limited access and high boundary protection.
D) D. Development A exemplifies CPTED by reducing opportunities for observation by outsiders.
  • 81. . (Analytical – Theory Application to Urban Design) An urban planner proposes
    building a new commercial center surrounded by narrow streets and poorly lit alleys
    to maximize land use. As a security consultant applying Crime Prevention Through
    Environmental Design (CPTED) principles, what is the best evaluation of this plan?
A) B. It violates basic environmental design principles by increasing opportunities for concealment and crime.
B) A. It optimizes business space and should proceed.
C) C. It aligns with traditional architectural philosophy.
D) D. It can be justified if CCTV coverage is installed
  • 82. . (Evaluation – Integration of Safety Philosophy and Architecture) A corporate
    headquarters emphasizes aesthetic glass facades but neglects blast resistance and
    fire escape design. From a philosophical and theoretical standpoint of architectural
    security, what should be the guiding principle for critique?
A) B. Function and resilience must harmonize with design — security and safety are integral, not decorative
B) D. Architects are solely responsible for aesthetic integrity, not safety measures.
C) C. Security can be an afterthought once design is complete.
D) A. Form should always follow aesthetics.
  • 83. . (Analogy – Conceptual Reasoning) CPTED is to crime deterrence through
    environmental design, as Defensible Space Theory is to ________.
A) A. Enforcement of zoning laws
B) D. Reducing architectural costs
C) B. Empowering occupants to control territorial space
D) C. Relying on mechanical security systems
  • 84. . (Evaluative – Urban Planning and Security Sustainability) A new smart city project
    heavily relies on digital surveillance and automated access control. However, physical barriers, community watch programs, and spatial zoning are poorly
    integrated. Which critique best reflects balanced philosophical application of urban
    security principles?
A) D. Community programs are outdated in modern cities
B) C. Automation guarantees total safety
C) A. Security should rely solely on advanced technology.
D) B. Overreliance on surveillance undermines human-centered, layered defense principles
  • 85. . (Synthesis – Relational Judgment Across Disciplines) In the philosophy of safety
    and security management, physical design, policy enforcement, and human behavior
    interact dynamically. Which statement best reflects a professional’s role in
    harmonizing these three elements?
A) C. Effective safety is achieved when design minimizes human error and supports policy compliance.
B) A. Security policies should adapt to physical limitations.
C) B. Human behavior is unpredictable, so only technology ensures safety.
D) D. Architectural design has no ethical impact on security management.
  • 86. A building’s emergency exits are strategically positioned based on human
    movement patterns. This reflects which philosophy?
A) A. Psychological deterrence
B) D. Passive surveillance
C) B. Crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED)
D) C. Reactive defense
  • 87. If architecture shapes behaviour, then security design shapes:
A) A. Comfort
B) D. Safety
C) B. Efficiency
D) C. Discipline
  • 88. A designer integrates open spaces and visibility in a mall layout to minimize
    crime. This is an example of:
A) C. Natural surveillance
B) A. Human factor engineering
C) C. Natural surveillance
D) B. Target hardening
  • 89. The integration of lighting, landscaping, and access control in urban planning
    aligns with which theoretical framework?
A) D. Social Learning Theory
B) A. Rational Choice Theory
C) C. Broken Windows Theory
D) B. Environmental Criminology
  • 90. Evaluating architectural security is similar to:
A) B. Assessing how structure supports prevention
B) D. Measuring employee satisfaction
C) C. Estimating construction cost
D) A. Checking building aesthetics
  • 91. When an office is designed with open spaces and visible entrances to deter theft, what CPTED principle is applied?
A) A. Target Hardening
B) B. Defensible Space
C) C. Natural Surveillance
D) D. Territorial Reinforcement
  • 92. Installing ID access systems in restricted areas primarily demonstrates which
    concept?
A) A. Environmental Aesthetics
B) C. Human-Centered Design
C) D. Symbolic Security
D) B. Access Control
  • 93. When a public plaza integrates lighting and landscaping to promote visibility, this
    reflects:
A) C. Defensible Space
B) A. Territoriality
C) D. Security Zoning
D) B. Natural Surveillance
  • 94. The use of artistic fencing around a government facility balances security and
    aesthetics. This aligns with:
A) C. Environmental Deterrence
B) A. Human-Centered Security Design
C) D. Situational Hardening
D) B. Symbolic Architecture
  • 95. . A private building modifies its structure to eliminate blind corners. Which theory
    supports this?
A) A. CPTED
B) B. Routine Activity Theory
C) C. Broken Windows Theory
D) D. Rational Choice Theory
  • 96. A city planner is tasked with revitalizing a high-crime public park. Applying the
    principles of "Defensible Space" and CPTED, which of the following integrated
    strategies would be MOST effective in creating a safer environment?
A) a) Installing high fences around the park and limiting access to daylight hours.
B) d) Redesigning the park to include clear sightlines, well-maintained landscaping, community gardens, and designated activity areas to encourage legitimate use and natural surveillance.
C) c) Removing all vegetation to eliminate hiding places and installing bright, glaring lights.
D) b) Increasing police patrols and installing surveillance cameras throughout the park.
  • 97. An architect is designing a new corporate headquarters with a focus on layered
    security. Which of the following approaches BEST balances security concerns with
    the need for an accessible and welcoming environment?
A) a) Creating a fortress-like structure with minimal windows and a single, heavily guarded entrance.
B) c) Relying solely on a highly trained security force to patrol the building and monitor visitor access.
C) b) Implementing a series of increasingly restrictive security measures, starting with a welcoming public lobby and progressing to controlled access points for sensitive areas, utilizing technology like biometrics and smart cards
D) d) Eliminating all public access and conducting all business remotely.
  • 98. The "Broken Windows" theory has been criticized for potentially leading to:
A) c) Over-policing and discriminatory practices in marginalized communities.
B) a) A decrease in property values in low-income neighborhoods
C) b) An increase in serious crime rates.
D) d) A decline in community engagement and social cohesion.
  • 99. A security consultant is advising a museum on protecting its valuable artifacts. Which of the following strategies BEST integrates architectural design with advanced
    security technology to create a robust defense against theft?
A) c) Utilizing a combination of reinforced display cases with advanced sensors, layered access control systems, real-time video analytics, and strategically placed architectural barriers to deter and detect potential threats.
B) d) Purchasing insurance policies to cover the potential loss of artifacts
C) b) Displaying artifacts in glass cases with basic alarms and relying on security guards to monitor the exhibits
D) a) Storing all artifacts in a single, highly secure vault with limited access.
  • 100. In the context of urban planning, the concept of "eyes on the street," popularized
    by Jane Jacobs, emphasizes the importance of:
A) c) Implementing strict curfews and loitering laws
B) d) Separating residential areas from commercial zones to educe crime.
C) b) Encouraging a vibrant mix of land uses and pedestrian activity to create a safer and more engaging public realm
D) a) Installing surveillance cameras on every street corner
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