- 1. What is the primary natural sweetener found in liquorice-root extract?
A) Glucose
B) Glycyrrhizin
C) Fructose
D) Sucrose
- 2. How much sweeter is glycyrrhizin than sucrose?
A) Over 100 times
B) Over 5 times
C) Over 50 times
D) Over 10 times
- 3. What blood pressure effect can occur after eating 50 g or more of liquorice candy for two weeks?
A) It always remains unchanged
B) It may increase slightly
C) It causes immediate hypertension
D) It may decrease significantly
- 4. What mineral level in the body falls due to glycyrrhizin consumption?
A) Sodium
B) Magnesium
C) Calcium
D) Potassium
- 5. Which of these is a potential side effect of consuming too much liquorice?
A) Improved vision
B) Abnormal heart rhythms
C) Lowered body temperature
D) Increased muscle mass
- 6. Excessive black liquorice consumption can lead to which metabolic condition?
A) Type 1 diabetes
B) Hypothyroidism
C) Chloride-resistant metabolic alkalosis
D) Hyperglycemia
- 7. What is a principal metabolite of glycyrrhizinic acid?
A) Citric acid
B) Glycyrrhetinic acid
C) Ascorbic acid
D) Lactic acid
- 8. What medical condition caused the fatal heart attack of the man in the 2020 Massachusetts case?
A) Hypoglycaemia
B) Hypernatremia
C) Hypercalcaemia
D) Hypokalaemia
- 9. Does 'red liquorice' contain actual liquorice root extract?
A) Yes, it is the main ingredient
B) No
C) Only if it is strawberry flavored
D) Yes, in small amounts
- 10. What is the primary reason red liquorice is called 'liquorice'?
A) Its distinct liquorice flavor
B) Its chemical composition
C) Its shape and texture
D) Its liquorice root content
- 11. Which of these is a common flavor used in red liquorice?
A) Liquorice root
B) Strawberry
C) Mint
D) Aniseed
- 12. What term has 'black' become in North America regarding liquorice?
A) A legal trademark
B) A misnomer
C) A retronym
D) A synonym
- 13. What kind of binder is used in the manufacturing of red liquorice?
A) Protein based
B) Starchy or gummy
C) Gelatin-free
D) Liquid based
- 14. Which newer flavour is mentioned as being used in red liquorice style products?
A) Garlic
B) Licorice root
C) Mango
D) Chilli
- 15. What physical symptom is associated with the oedema caused by glycyrrhizin?
A) Swelling
B) Hair loss
C) Bruising
D) Rashes
- 16. What plant does liquorice extract come from?
A) Glycyrrhiza officinalis
B) Glycyrrhiza dulcis
C) Glycyrrhiza sativa
D) Glycyrrhiza glabra
- 17. Which ingredient is characteristic of Dutch, German, and Nordic salty liquorice?
A) Ammonium chloride
B) Potassium chloride
C) Magnesium sulphate
D) Sodium bicarbonate
- 18. What is used to give liquorice sweets a shiny surface?
A) Paraffin wax
B) Carnauba wax
C) Vegetable oil
D) Beeswax
- 19. What is the common alternative name for sweets shaped like black liquorice but containing no extract?
A) Red liquorice
B) Yellow liquorice
C) Blue liquorice
D) Green liquorice
- 20. Who is credited with developing liquorice as a confection by adding sugar in 1760?
A) Sir George Savile
B) The Cadbury company
C) The Rowntree company
D) The Dunhill company
- 21. At what temperature are liquorice ingredients heated during manufacturing?
A) 100 °C
B) 150 °C
C) 120 °C
D) 135 °C
- 22. What substance is often used as a flavouring alternative to liquorice extract?
A) Cinnamon oil
B) Peppermint oil
C) Vanilla extract
D) Anise oil
- 23. In what year did Sir George Savile invent Pontefract cakes?
A) 1760
B) 1814
C) 1514
D) 1614
- 24. What is the maximum concentration of ammonium chloride typically found in salty liquorice?
A) 8%
B) 20%
C) 2%
D) 15%
- 25. What is used to create the molds for liquorice sweets during production?
A) Starch powder
B) Plastic sheets
C) Silicone
D) Metal trays
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