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Tombs at Xanthos - Quiz
Contributed by: Ogden
  • 1. Where is the Harpy Tomb located?
A) Near the river
B) In the valley
C) In the city center
D) On the Acropolis
  • 2. What art style is used for the Harpy Tomb decorations?
A) Classical Greek Style
B) Greek Archaic Style
C) Hellenistic Style
D) Lycian Style
  • 3. What was the initial interpretation of the winged females on the Harpy Tomb?
A) A scene of hero worship
B) A myth about violence to the Lycian royal family
C) A depiction of the gods of the underworld
D) A royal marriage ceremony
  • 4. Why did the second theory suggest the imagery depicted the underworld?
A) The tomb was located near a temple
B) It was commissioned by a priest
C) The iconography was exclusively Lycian
D) The tomb was fabricated by Greek artisans
  • 5. Why was a third theory developed regarding the Harpy Tomb?
A) New inscriptions were discovered
B) Mainland Greek tombs did not include figures of gods
C) The tomb was destroyed by an earthquake
D) The previous theories were proven impossible
  • 6. What is the third theory for the iconography of the Harpy Tomb?
A) Hero worship of the buried individuals
B) The depiction of a royal procession
C) A celebration of a military victory
D) A visual representation of the afterlife
  • 7. What is another name for the Inscribed Pillar of Xanthos?
A) The Xanthian Obelisk
B) The Acropolis Monument
C) The Royal Pillar
D) The Pillar of the Gods
  • 8. What was located on top of the Inscribed Pillar?
A) A sacred flame
B) A statue of the occupant
C) A decorative frieze
D) A tomb chamber
  • 9. What happened to the chamber tomb on the Inscribed Pillar?
A) It fell off due to seismic activity
B) It collapsed during a war
C) It was removed by archaeologists
D) It was stolen in antiquity
  • 10. What is depicted in the friezes of the Inscribed Pillar?
A) Maps of the Lycian territory
B) Hunting and battle scenes
C) Religious rituals and offerings
D) The daily life of common people
  • 11. What languages are found on the Inscribed Pillar?
A) Lycian and Persian
B) Greek and two types of Lycian
C) Greek and Phoenician
D) Greek, Latin, and Lycian
  • 12. To whom was the Greek inscription on the pillar likely dedicated?
A) The King of Xanthos
B) The citizens of Lycia
C) The heroes of the Trojan War
D) 12 Greek gods
  • 13. Which inscription on the pillar is the oldest Greek inscription in Lycia?
A) The Lycian B text
B) The dedication of the monument
C) The royal hunting list
D) The Lycian A text
  • 14. Which of the Lycian inscriptions has been translated?
A) Lycian A
B) None of the Lycian inscriptions
C) Lycian C
D) Lycian B
  • 15. Why is the creator of the Inscribed Pillar unknown?
A) The artist refused to sign his work
B) The language used is completely extinct
C) The pillar was collaborative
D) Letters in the name are missing
  • 16. Where is Xanthos located?
A) The Levant
B) Southwestern Anatolia
C) Central Asia
D) Northern Greece
  • 17. Who excavated several tombs at Xanthos and moved them to the British Museum?
A) Heinrich Schliemann
B) Sir Charles Fellows
C) Sir Arthur Evans
D) Howard Carter
  • 18. In what year were the Xanthos tombs transported to the British Museum?
A) 1902 CE
B) 1799 CE
C) 1822 CE
D) 1848 CE
  • 19. What empire governed the area during the time of the Xanthos kings?
A) Achaemenid Empire
B) Ottoman Empire
C) Byzantine Empire
D) Roman Empire
  • 20. What material is the chest of the Lion Pillar made of?
A) White limestone
B) Marble
C) Sandstone
D) Granite
  • 21. What is the approximate height of the Lion Pillar?
A) 3 metres
B) 5 metres
C) 1.5 metres
D) 10 metres
  • 22. What animal is pinned by the lion on the south side of the chest?
A) A goat
B) A horse
C) A deer
D) A bull
  • 23. What is the subject of the imagery on the north side of the Lion Pillar?
A) Religious offerings
B) A battle scene
C) A king on a throne
D) A lion interacting with her cubs
  • 24. What is a chiton?
A) A Greek-style tunic
B) A ceremonial spear
C) A type of helmet
D) A funeral shroud
  • 25. When did the pillar tombs begin to reflect the facades of Greek temples?
A) 450–400 BCE
B) 375–350 BCE
C) 550–500 BCE
D) 300–250 BCE
  • 26. Which architectural order was used to build the Nereid Monument?
A) Doric
B) Tuscan
C) Ionic
D) Corinthian
  • 27. Which monument did the Nereid Monument directly influence?
A) Mausoleum at Halicarnassus
B) Acropolis Pillar
C) Lomas Rishi caves
D) Lion Tomb
  • 28. Who was the Xanthian King entombed in the Nereid Monument?
A) King Payava
B) King Pallava
C) King Cyrus
D) King Erbinna
  • 29. What is the secondary iconographic source found on the top two reliefs of the Nereid Monument podium?
A) Assyrian
B) Roman
C) Persian
D) Egyptian
  • 30. Which of the following is NOT listed as a tomb at Xanthos?
A) Tomb of Payava
B) Acropolis Pillar
C) The Sphinx Pillar
D) Theatre Pillar
  • 31. The Lycian ogival tomb shape was adopted for a sarcophagus in which modern country?
A) India
B) Lebanon
C) Turkey
D) Greece
  • 32. What architectural feature do the Lycian barrel-vaulted tombs imitate?
A) Marble columns
B) Wooden structures
C) Mud-brick walls
D) Metal frameworks
  • 33. Which historian suggested that Lycian tombs and Indian Chaitya temples share a cultural link?
A) Erbinna
B) David Napier
C) Payava
D) James Fergusson
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