A) Azo pigments lack solubilizing groups. B) Azo pigments contain more nitrogen atoms. C) Azo dyes have a keto hydrazide structure. D) Azo dyes are always liquid, while pigments are gaseous.
A) They lack the aromatic rings required for azo classification. B) They are inorganic compounds rather than organic. C) They exist as keto hydrazide tautomers lacking the -N=N- linkage. D) They contain metallic elements that alter their classification.
A) Yellow to red B) Violet to brown C) Blue to green D) Black to grey
A) Only the concentration of the pigment in the paint. B) The solubility of the pigment in water. C) The type of plastic used in the manufacturing process. D) The organic compound properties and the pigment carrier absorption.
A) Because azo dyes are immune to all forms of light radiation. B) Because photolysis only occurs in anaerobic conditions. C) Because dyes require high photolytic stability to be useful. D) Because light cannot penetrate the dyes.
A) They become highly toxic. B) They biodegrade negligibly. C) They break down into harmless compounds rapidly. D) They undergo immediate oxidation.
A) Anaerobic conditions B) Extreme UV exposure C) High-temperature conditions D) Aerobic conditions
A) Standard azo red B) Blue lake pigment C) Pigment yellow 12 D) Dinitroaniline orange
A) Bladder cancer B) Liver failure C) Skin rashes D) Respiratory infection
A) In the 2000s B) In the 1980s C) In the 1950s D) In the 1990s
A) They turn into pure nitrogen gas. B) They solidify into crystals. C) They become more stable. D) They release defined aromatic amines.
A) June 1985 B) September 2003 C) December 2010 D) January 1990
A) Because only a few dyes produced the listed amines. B) Because most companies had already stopped using them. C) Because the ban only applied to industrial, not consumer, goods. D) Because the dyes were found to be harmless.
A) 365 nm B) 200 nm C) 500 nm D) 450 nm
A) Circular B) Bent or kinked C) Polymeric D) Linear and extended
A) Addition of acid B) Thermal relaxation C) Vacuum exposure D) Freezing
A) 300–350 nm B) 600–700 nm C) 450–500 nm D) 100–200 nm
A) Acetoacetanilide B) Nitrated aromatic compound C) Aniline D) Aryl diazonium cation
A) Aliphatic alcohols B) Acetoacetanilides C) Ethers D) Ketones
A) Amine salt B) Acetoacetanilide C) Diazonium salt D) Azoxy intermediate
A) Oxidation B) Reduction C) Hydrolysis D) Electrolysis
A) Aniline hydrochloride B) Disodium 4,4′-dinitrostilbene-2,2′-disulfonate C) Sodium acetate D) Benzene sulfonic acid
A) NaOH B) NaCl C) H2SO4 D) C6H12O6
A) Hydrocarbon cleavage B) Nitration C) Sulfonation D) Metal complexation
A) R−N=O=N−R′ B) R−C=C−R′ C) R−N=N−R′ D) R−O−O−R′
A) 60–70% B) 10–20% C) 80–90% D) 30–40%
A) Highly soluble B) Gas soluble C) Insoluble D) Moderately soluble in oil only
A) Glass B) Metal surfaces C) Cellulose-based textiles D) Synthetic plastics only
A) Gases B) Solids C) Liquids D) Plasmas
A) Hydrogen bonding only B) Physical entrapment C) Electrostatic forces D) Covalent bonding
A) Metal complexes B) Sulfonic acid groups C) Aryl halide groups D) Quaternary ammonium centers
A) Ionic bonding B) Non-electrostatic forces C) Covalent linkage D) Metallic bonding |