A) MTC B) Court of Appeals C) Sandiganbayan D) RTC
A) Court of Appeals B) Supreme Court C) MTC D) Sandiganbayan
A) RTC B) Court of Appeals C) Supreme Court D) MTC
A) Sandiganbayan B) MTC C) Supreme Court D) RTC
A) Court of Appeals B) RTC C) MTC D) Barangay Justice System
A) RTC B) MTC C) Supreme Court D) Sandiganbayan
A) Court of Appeals B) MTC C) Sandiganbayan D) RTC
A) MTC B) Court of Appeals C) Supreme Court D) RTC
A) Court of Appeals B) Sandiganbayan C) MTC D) RTC (Family Court)
A) Court of Appeals B) RTC C) Supreme Court D) MTC
A) Civil litigation procedures B) Administrative penalties C) Arbitration procedures D) Steps by which the State prosecutes violations of law
A) Impose penalties B) Determine guilt C) Assess whether probable cause exists to file a case D) Conduct trial
A) Absolute proof of guilt B) Mere suspicion C) A prosecutor’s opinion D) A reasonable belief that an offense has been committed
A) Evaluates mitigating circumstances B) Decides on evidence admissibility C) Informs the accused of the charges and receives the plea D) Conducts mandatory mediation
A) Conduct preliminary investigation Answer: C B) File an information C) Place the accused under lawful custody D) Initiate a complaint
A) Reduce the penalty upon conviction B) Guarantee an acquittal C) Replace detention with probation D) Ensure the accused appears in court
A) Can negotiate penalties B) Is protected from coercion and uninformed waivers C) Can escape detention D) May be tried immediately
A) The acts complained of and the law violated B) Accused’s personal opinion C) Proposed punishment D) Witness names only
A) Evidence obtained illegally is inadmissible B) All evidence is admissible C) Witnesses may be excluded D) Confessions are always valid
A) Validity of the complaint or information B) Judgment C) Credibility of witnesses D) Trial procedure
A) Being tried again for the same offense after acquittal B) Multiple fines C) Bail denial D) Civil suits
A) Witnesses appear first B) The State carries the burden of proof C) Judge instructs them D) Defense is always last
A) Prosecutor’s opinion B) Evidence presented and the applicable law C) Defense preference D) Public interest
A) Reviewing evidence B) Drafting the decision C) Enforcing the final penalty imposed by the court D) Filing appeals
A) Invalid because no element of in flagrante delicto is present B) Valid if officer believes crime might occur C) Valid because suspicion is enough D) Valid only if a warrant follows within 24 hours
A) Valid if the suspect is known in the community B) Valid as long as informant is reliable C) Invalid because future acts do not justify warrantless arrest D) Valid if suspect previously had a record
A) Valid because purpose is clear B) Valid if approved by a judge C) Valid only if the search happens immediately D) Invalid due to lack of particularity
A) Invalid because a warrant is limited to its specific location B) Valid if within the same barangay C) Valid only if consent is implied D) Valid if officers believe evidence is inside
A) Valid if the checkpoint is authorized B) Valid because checkpoints allow all searches C) Invalid because only visual inspection is allowed D) Valid if the driver appears nervous
A) Invalid because theft is not a serious crime B) Valid as hot pursuit allows warrantless entry C) Invalid if suspect hides for more than 30 minutes D) Valid only if homeowner consents
A) Valid if suspect tries to flee B) Invalid because personal knowledge of the officer is lacking C) Valid if the offense is grave D) Valid because it is still hot pursuit
A) Valid because instinct may justify action B) Invalid because warrantless home arrests require urgent necessity C) Valid if officers are experienced D) Valid if the suspect was still awake
A) Valid if officers announce their identity B) Invalid because nighttime service requires express authorization C) Valid since the warrant is lawful D) Valid if probable cause existed
A) Invalid because not all ordinances justify custodial arrest B) Valid only if the area has a curfew C) Invalid unless confirmed by a barangay official D) Valid because officers maintain public order
A) Valid under plain view doctrine if immediately incriminating B) Valid only if owner does not object C) Valid if digital crimes are later discovered D) Invalid because laptops are unrelated to firearms search
A) Invalid because no overt act showing involvement was observed B) Valid because association is enough C) Valid if both individuals knew each other D) Valid because one person was a suspect
A) Valid if evidence is eventually found B) Valid because consent is presumed broad C) Invalid if consent did not expressly include closed compartments D) Valid if search is within the same house
A) Valid only if the driver is alone B) Valid if checkpoint is legal C) Invalid only when done by non-uniformed personnel D) Invalid because such intrusive searches require probable cause
A) Preliminary investigation filing B) Barangay mediation C) Motion for reconsideration D) Inquest review
A) Police arbitration B) Judicial dispute resolution C) Court-annexed mediation D) Barangay Justice System
A) Inquest proceeding B) Pre-trial conference C) Judicial affidavit rule D) Summary trial
A) Prosecutorial endorsement B) Certification to File Action C) Automatic judicial referral D) Direct filing privilege
A) Improper because counter-affidavits are always required B) Proper if the case involves a barangay referral C) Proper if evidence is patently insufficient D) Proper only if the defense requests it
A) Incorrect because only courts may release suspects B) Incorrect because suspects must stay under custody C) Correct only for capital offenses D) Correct when warrantless arrest is invalid
A) Invalid only when the accused refuses mediation B) Invalid because it must first undergo Katarungang Pambarangay conciliation C) Valid because slander is a private crime D) Valid if the complainant has legal counsel
A) Acceptable if endorsed by the barangay B) Acceptable only if complainant’s affidavit is weak C) Improper; failure to submit counter-affidavits waives the right to rebut evidence D) Acceptable; the respondent may rely solely on legal arguments
A) Invalid unless arbitrators are present B) Valid only after three scheduled hearings C) Valid because non-appearance is ground for issuance D) Invalid because mediation must be completed
A) Invalid unless witness examination happens B) Valid because clarificatory hearings are discretionary C) Invalid because hearings are always mandatory D) Valid only if the accused waives rights
A) Invalid because offenses requiring PI must go through the prosecutor B) Valid if police have personal knowledge C) Valid if the accused is detained D) Valid when barangay endorsement is unavailable
A) Valid if the arresting officer is a barangay official B) Valid if the barangay issues certification C) Valid as long as the suspect admits guilt D) Invalid because the offense is not covered by warrantless arrest rules
A) To release the accused permanently B) To ensure the accused appears in court C) To reduce the penalty D) To excuse the crime
A) Pre-trial and preparation for trial are scheduled B) Trial begins immediately C) Judge dismisses the case D) Bail is automatically granted
A) Schedule judgment B) Negotiate plea bargaining and mark evidence C) Assign a prosecutor D) Decide on civil liabilities
A) Witnesses must speak first B) Judge requires opening statements C) Defense cannot start immediately D) Burden of proof lies with the State
A) Proper because bail is discretionary B) Proper if the accused lacks counsel C) Proper only if complainant objects D) Improper because bail is a matter of right
A) Valid if court is overloaded B) Valid since arraignment is formal C) Invalid because counsel is mandatory unless properly waived D) Valid if the accused understood the charge
A) Case must be dismissed B) Court may impose sanctions and proceed as justice requires C) Court requires accused to present evidence D) Defense must postpone
A) Valid if prosecutor agrees B) Valid if evidence is strong C) Valid if freely made D) Invalid because the judge must ensure voluntariness and full understanding
A) Acceptable if case involves moral turpitude B) Acceptable if affidavits are complete C) Invalid; only the court decides after hearing D) Acceptable; prosecutors determine guilt
A) Valid in minor offenses B) Valid if both parties agree C) Invalid; violates right to full cross-examination D) Valid for efficiency
A) Proper only if accused insists B) Improper; motion to quash must be resolved first C) Proper; arraignment must always proceed D) Proper if judge wants to expedite
A) Proper; court has full authority B) Proper if defense offers restitution C) Proper only if offense is light D) Improper; prosecution consent is essential
A) Invalid; violates due process and right to rebut B) Valid if trial is almost finished C) Valid if witness is material D) Valid; court may accept additional evidence anytime
A) Grossly improper; violates right to present evidence B) Valid to shorten trial C) Valid only if counsel agrees D) Valid if prosecution evidence is strong
A) Hearsay objection B) Improper leading C) Cross-examination D) Proper direct examination considering age
A) Dismiss the witness B) Allow short breaks and comforting assistance C) Force the witness D) Ignore and proceed
A) Always prohibited B) Always permitted C) Generally improper, except for hostile or child witnesses D) Required to expedite trial
A) During cross-examination B) Only for expert witnesses C) During direct examination D) Only during rebuttal
A) Leading question B) Proper direct examination strategy C) Improper narrative D) Hearsay
A) Leading questioning B) Improper testimony C) Accommodation for child witnesses D) Violation of impartiality
A) Cross-examination strategy B) Hearsay C) Direct examination D) Improper leading
A) Improper if done in court B) Direct examination C) Cross-examination D) Rebuttal evidence
A) Leading question B) Reading testimony verbatim (improper) C) Cross-examination D) Refreshing memory (proper)
A) Cross-examination tactic B) Leading question C) Proper accommodation to enhance understanding D) Improper demonstration
A) Hearsay B) Cross-examination C) Proper direct examination D) Leading question
A) Hearsay evidence B) Direct examination C) Cross-examination technique D) Improper impeachment
A) Leading question B) Cross-examination violation C) Improper D) Proper accommodation for child witness protection
A) Hearsay B) Leading questions C) Proper direct examination D) Cross-examination
A) Pre-trial conference B) Direct examination C) Preliminary investigation D) Cross-examination
A) Improper coaching B) Leading question C) Proper witness protection and accommodation D) Cross-examination violation
A) Ensure accused appears during trial B) Reduce penalty C) Replace detention with probation D) Guarantee acquittal
A) Pre-trial is scheduled B) Case dismissed C) Trial begins immediately D) Bail granted automatically
A) Schedule judgment B) Negotiate plea bargaining and mark evidence C) Assign a prosecutor D) Decide civil liabilities
A) Prosecutor’s theory B) Judge’s discretion C) Witness’s memory, perception, and credibility D) Procedural technicalities
A) Influence testimony B) Facilitate understanding and protect them from trauma C) Replace direct questioning D) Make trial faster
A) Test credibility and impeach statements B) Suggest answers to witnesses C) Accelerate trial D) Violate rights
A) Open-ended questions B) Leading questions only C) Closed-ended questions only D) Hearsay questions
A) Challenge witness credibility B) Confirm hearsay C) End trial D) Support witness credibility
A) Leading questions B) Reviewing documents or reports to recall facts C) Oral suggestion D) Replacing witness
A) Testing witness statements and credibility B) Introducing new evidence without notice C) Unlimited questioning without relevance D) Skipping procedural rules
A) Influence verdict B) Protect emotional well-being C) Avoid cross-examination D) Violate impartiality
A) Guilt B) Sentence reduction C) Plea bargaining D) Voluntariness and understanding
A) Verdict announcement B) Clarification of issues, marking of evidence, and plea bargaining C) Trial starts immediately D) Witness selection only
A) Evidence evaluation B) Informing accused of charges and receiving plea C) Bail denial D) Trial on the merits
A) In flagrante delicto or hot pursuit B) Accused looks guilty C) Ordinance requires detention D) Officer has mere suspicion
A) Consent is given B) Any officer orders it C) Evidence is in plain view and exigent circumstances exist D) Officer feels probable cause
A) Pre-trial is conducted B) Bail is granted C) Case is dismissed D) Suspect is arrested without warrant and brought to prosecutor within 12 hours
A) Guilt B) Probable cause C) Bail amount D) Sentence
A) Replace courts B) Settle disputes amicably before filing in courts C) Collect fines D) Conduct arrest
A) Hearsay evidence B) Coercion C) Leading questions only D) Age-appropriate, understandable, and trauma-sensitive methods |