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Netwo1 Midterm- Reviewer TwT
Contributed by: Fernandez
  • 1. This refers to the process of sending and receiving digital or analog data between devices over a network.
A) e Communication Protocols
B) Data transmission
C) OSI Layer
D) TCP/IP Models
  • 2. Why Are Communication Protocols Important?. Except
A) Increase network speed regardless of hardware limitations.
B) Define rules for data exchange.
C) Ensure data integrity, security, and proper sequencing.
D) Enable interoperability between different network devices.
  • 3. This is the process of adding headers (and sometimes trailers) to data as it moves down the OSI/TCP-IP layers.
A) Encapsulation
B) De-Encapsulation
  • 4. TCP/IP model has how many layers?
A) four layers (Application, Transport, Internet, Network Access)
B) four layers (Application, Transport, Internet, Presentation)
C) seven layers (Application, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data Link, Physical)
D) seven layers (Application, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data Link, Network Access)
  • 5. Happens at the receiving end, where headers and trailers are stripped off at each layer
A) Encapsulation
B) De-Encapsulation
  • 6. This resolves IP addresses to MAC addresses
A) RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
B) OSPF (Open Shortest Path First)
C) ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)
D) ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol)
E) BGP (Border Gateway Protocol)
  • 7. How does ARP work — except which one?
A) A computer needs to send data to another device in the local network.
B) It checks its ARP cache to see if it already knows the MAC address.
C) The destination device responds with an ARP Reply, providing its MAC address.
D) If not, it sends an ARP Request to all devices in the network.
E) The ARP Request is sent only to the destination device using unicast.
  • 8. Which of the following is a security issue with ARP?
A) ARP filtering
B) Dynamic ARP Inspection
C) ARP Spoofing
D) Static ARP Entries
  • 9. This is used for sending error messages and network diagnostics
A) ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol)
B) ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)
C) BGP (Border Gateway Protocol)
D) RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
E) OSPF (Open Shortest Path First)
  • 10. This determines how data packets travel from source to destination.
A) ICMP
B) ARP
C) Routing
D) DNS
  • 11. Which of the following is an example of a common ICMP message?
A) Query
B) Echo Request and Echo Reply
C) GET Request
D) Handshake
  • 12. Manually configured by administrators.
A) Default Routing
B) Distance Vector Routing
C) Static Routing
D) Dynamic Routing
  • 13. Uses protocols like RIP, OSPF, BGP.
A) Static Routing
B) Dynamic Routing
C) Manual Routing
D) Default Routing
  • 14. Uses hop count to determine the best route. Best for small networks. Updates every 30 seconds, but slow convergence.
A) RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
B) OSPF (Open Shortest Path First)
C) BGP (Border Gateway Protocol)
  • 15. Uses link-state information to find the fastest path. Best for medium to large networks. Faster and more efficient than RIP.
A) OSPF (Open Shortest Path First)
B) RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
C) BGP (Border Gateway Protocol)
  • 16. Used on the Internet between ISPs. Controls traffic between different networks worldwide
A) RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
B) OSPF (Open Shortest Path First)
C) BGP (Border Gateway Protocol)
  • 17. This is used when a destination is outside the local network.
A) Dynamic gateway
B) Default gateway
C) Static gateway
  • 18. A home router connects devices in 192.168.1.0/24 to the internet using a default gateway (e.g., 192.168.1.1).
A) Default gateway
B) Dynamic gateway
C) Static gateway
  • 19. These are unique numerical identifiers assigned to devices in a network to enable communication.
A) IP addresses
B) MAC Addresses
C) Subnet Masks
D) Port Numbers
  • 20. Which of the following correctly describes the two main types of IP addresses used in networking?
A) Static and Dynamic
B) IPv4 and IPv6
C) TCP and UDP
D) MAC and Broadcast
  • 21. A user sends an email. The message is encapsulated at the sender's computer, transmitted over the network, and de-encapsulated at the recipient's computer.
A) Encapsulation
B) De-Encapsulation
  • 22. Which of the following best describes the structure of an IPv4 address?
A) 128-bit hexadecimal address separated by colons
B) 64-bit binary address used only in private networks
C) 32-bit address divided into 4 octets separated by dots (.)
D) 16-bit address divided into 2 bytes separated by colons (:)
  • 23. Which of the following IPv4 address classes is used for multicast groups?
A) Class D (224–239)
B) Class A (1–126)
C) Class C (192–223)
D) Class E (240–255)
E) Class B (128–191)
  • 24. Which IPv4 address class supports very large networks such as ISPs and uses a default subnet mask of 255.0.0.0?
A) Class C (192–223)
B) Class A (1–126)
C) Class D (224–239)
D) Class E (240–255)
E) Class B (128–191)
  • 25. Which IPv4 address class is typically used by medium-sized organizations like universities and uses the subnet mask 255.255.0.0?
A) Class E (240–255)
B) Class B (128–191)
C) Class C (192–223)
D) Class A (1–126)
E) Class D (224–239)
  • 26. Which class of IPv4 addresses is designed for small networks (e.g., home or office LANs) and uses a default subnet mask of 255.255.255.0?
A) Class C (192–223)
B) Class E (240–255)
C) Class A (1–126)
D) Class B (128–191)
E) Class D (224–239)
  • 27. Which IPv4 address class is reserved for experimental purposes and is not used for general network communication?
A) Class E (240–255)
B) Class A (1–126)
C) Class E (240–255)
D) Class B (128–191)
E) Class C (192–223)
  • 28. Used in internal networks (cannot be routed on the internet)
A) Subnet Mask
B) Public IPs
C) Loopback Address
D) Private IPs
  • 29. This divides a larger network into smaller subnets to improve efficiency, security, and network performance.
A) Switching
B) Routing
C) Subnetting
D) Bridging
  • 30. What determines the network and host portions of an IP address?
A) Default Gateway
B) DNS Server
C) Subnet Mask
D) MAC Address
  • 31. 255.255.255.0 (CIDR: /24) means the first 3 octets represent the network, and the last octet is for hosts.
A) DNS Server
B) Subnet Mask
C) Default Gateway
D) MAC Address
  • 32. Which subnetting technique allows for different subnet sizes within the same network to optimize IP address usage?
A) DHCP
B) NAT
C) CIDR
D) VLSM
  • 33. What is the default subnet mask for a Class C IP address (e.g., 192.168.1.0)?
A) /16 or 255.255.0.0
B) /8 or 255.0.0.0
C) /24 or 255.255.255.0
D) /32 or 255.255.255.255
  • 34. If the subnet mask is /26, how many bits have been borrowed from the host portion of the address?
A) 4 bits
B) 2 bits
C) 8 bits
D) 6 bits
  • 35. If a network uses a /26 subnet mask, how many bits are used for the network portion and how many bits are left for the host portion?
A) 32 bits for the network, 0 bits for the host
B) 26 bits for the network, 6 bits for the host
C) 16 bits for the network, 16 bits for the host
D) 24 bits for the network, 8 bits for the host
  • 36. How does IPv6 simplify the process of subnetting compared to IPv4?
A) By using only private IP addresses
B) By using larger subnet masks only
C) By reducing the number of available subnets
D) By using hierarchical addressing, eliminating the need for complex subnetting
  • 37. Step 1 of subnetting a class C network
A) List the Subnets and Ranges
B) Calculate the Number of Hosts per Subnet
C) Find the Subnet Increments
D) Identify the Number of Subnets
  • 38. Last Step of subnetting a class C network
A) Find the Subnet Increments
B) List the Subnets and Ranges
C) Calculate the Number of Hosts per Subnet
D) Identify the Number of Subnets
  • 39. What is the primary function of the subnet mask in an IP address?
A) It determines the port number for network services.
B) It defines the gateway IP address.
C) It defines the MAC address of the device.
D) It determines the network and host portions of an IP address.
  • 40. If the subnet mask is 255.255.255.224, what is the corresponding CIDR notation?
A) /25
B) /24
C) /26
D) /27
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