- 1. What did protesters in 2020 say the new national security law proposals strike at?
A) Only the economic trade status with Western nations
B) The daily transportation system of the city
C) The judicial independence of mainland China
D) People's sense of belonging, civic political identity, and success as an international hub
- 2. What does the Cantonese slang term 'lam chau' refer to in the context of opponents hoping to revoke special treatment?
A) A financial investment plan to boost local businesses
B) Damaging China's economy by causing other countries to revoke special treatment toward Hong Kong
C) The mass migration of Hong Kong residents to Taiwan
D) A peaceful negotiation strategy with the Chinese central government
- 3. Which professional body issued a statement being 'gravely concerned' with the contents and manner of introduction of the national security law?
A) The Hong Kong Journalists Association
B) The Law Society of England and Wales
C) The Hong Kong Bar Association
D) The American Chamber of Commerce in Hong Kong
- 4. According to politician Margaret Ng, what did the Chinese government use as an excuse to implement a national security law?
A) The outbreak of a major global pandemic
B) The collapse of the local real estate market
C) The results of the district council elections
D) The 2019 protests
- 5. How did Man-Kei Tam, the Hong Kong director of Amnesty International, describe the Chinese legislation?
A) Progressive
B) Beneficial
C) Transparent
D) Orwellian
- 6. On what date was the national security law passed?
A) 22 May
B) 30 June
C) 1 June
D) 2 July
- 7. Which democracy activists announced they were leaving Demosistō following the passing of the law?
A) Martin Lee, Anson Chan, Jimmy Lai, and Claudia Mo
B) Joshua Wong, Nathan Law, Agnes Chow, and Jeffrey Ngo
C) Carrie Lam, Tung Chee-hwa, Leung Chun-ying, and John Lee
D) Leung Kwok-hung, Fernando Cheung, Helena Wong, and Alvin Yeung
- 8. What happened to Demosistō shortly after prominent activists left the organization?
A) It was disbanded and all operations ceased
B) It merged with a pro-Beijing political party
C) It transformed into a registered business corporation
D) It relocated its headquarters to London
- 9. Who observed that the passing of the law created a chilling effect where ordinary people declined to comment?
A) Man-Kei Tam from Amnesty International
B) Margaret Ng from the political sector
C) Adrian Brown from Al Jazeera
D) Nathan Law from Demosistō
- 10. What actions did many Hong Kong people take despite the law not being retroactive?
A) Painted new Lennon Walls in public squares
B) Deleted pro-democracy social media posts and accounts, and asked journalists to destroy evidence
C) Applied for positions within the Chinese government
D) Organized massive street rallies across the city
- 11. What change in web searches occurred after the passage of the NPCSC decision on 22 May?
A) Web traffic to government portals increased threefold
B) Searches for mainland Chinese universities doubled
C) Searches for local real estate dropped to zero
D) Ten times the usual number of web searches about emigration were recorded
- 12. Following a British announcement, a spike in interest in properties occurred in which countries?
A) France, Germany, and Italy
B) Japan, South Korea, and Singapore
C) United Kingdom, Australia, and Canada
D) The United States, New Zealand, and Brazil
- 13. According to the Reuters poll conducted in June before the law was implemented, what percentage of Hong Kongers opposed it?
A) Sixty percent opposing
B) Sixty-six percent opposing
C) A majority, with 49% strongly opposing and 7% somewhat opposing
D) Exactly 31% opposing
- 14. What did the Reuters poll conducted in late August after the law was implemented show regarding opposition?
A) 49% of respondents opposed the law
B) 74% of respondents opposed the law
C) 60% of respondents opposed the law
D) 31% of respondents opposed the law
- 15. How many adult citizens were interviewed by the Hong Kong Research Association on 2–5 July?
A) 2,900,000
B) 500
C) 963
D) 1,097
- 16. According to the Hong Kong Research Association survey, what percentage of respondents supported the enactment of the law?
A) 31%
B) 66%
C) 74%
D) 47%
- 17. Which think tank conducted a sampling survey in May 2020 interviewing 963 adult citizens?
A) The One Country Two Systems Research Institute
B) The Hong Kong Bar Association
C) Amnesty International Hong Kong
D) The Hong Kong Research Association
- 18. In the One Country Two Systems Research Institute survey, what percentage of respondents stated Hong Kong is responsible for safeguarding the country's security?
A) 66%
B) 9.5%
C) 74%
D) 16.6%
- 19. On 1 June, what did a pro-Beijing group claim to have gathered supporting the legislation?
A) Ten thousand signatures from local business owners
B) One million signatures collected exclusively online
C) Five hundred thousand signatures from university students
D) More than 2.9 million signatures through a website and street booths
- 20. Who jointly backed Beijing's plan to impose a national security law regarding acts that threaten the existence of the state?
A) The heads of the governing council of Hong Kong's eight publicly funded universities
B) The leaders of all major opposition political parties
C) The representatives of foreign consulates in Hong Kong
D) The presidents of major international banking corporations
- 21. What did Beijing state it would 'absolutely neither permit' regarding Hong Kong?
A) Foreign investments
B) Free market trade
C) Democratic elections
D) Anyone advocating secession
- 22. Who was the Chief Executive of Hong Kong when Beijing announced its stance on secession?
A) Wang Zhimin
B) Leung Chun-ying
C) Carrie Lam
D) Luo Huining
- 23. What year did Wang Zhimin urge the Hong Kong government to enact national security legislation?
A) 2015
B) 2020
C) 2019
D) 2018
- 24. According to Wang Zhimin, what was Hong Kong lacking that constituted a major weakness in national security?
A) An independent judiciary
B) An extradition treaty
C) A military garrison
D) National security legislation
- 25. Who called for the rapid passing of a national security law for the city on 15 April?
A) Leung Chun-ying
B) Wang Zhimin
C) Carrie Lam
D) Luo Huining
- 26. How long was the NPC session aimed to take for the introduced draft?
A) Three days
B) One week
C) One year
D) Three months
- 27. Normally, how many rounds of approval do bills in the NPC go through?
A) One
B) Two
C) Three
D) Four
- 28. How many particular crimes were established by the national security law?
A) Two
B) Ten
C) Five
D) Four
- 29. Which crime, alongside secession, terrorism, and collusion with foreign organisations, was established by the law?
A) Espionage
B) Corruption
C) Subversion
D) Smuggling
- 30. Which article of the Hong Kong Basic Law required that a national security law be enacted by Hong Kong?
A) Article 38
B) Article 50
C) Article 18
D) Article 23
- 31. Why did a 2003 attempt by the Hong Kong Legislative Council to satisfy Article 23 fail?
A) Due to a veto by the British government
B) Due to a lack of quorum
C) After mass demonstrations
D) Because of the COVID-19 pandemic
- 32. What novel coronavirus outbreak coincided with the 2003 attempt to pass legislation?
A) Bird flu
B) COVID-19
C) Swine flu
D) SARS
- 33. What novel coronavirus outbreak coincided with the 2020 passage of legislation?
A) SARS
B) MERS
C) Ebola
D) COVID-19
- 34. When was Article 23 finally implemented with the enactment of the Safeguarding National Security Ordinance?
A) June 2020
B) July 1997
C) July 2003
D) March 2024
- 35. How many countries other than the United Kingdom condemned the national security law?
A) 26
B) 10
C) 5
D) 50
- 36. Which international agreement did the United Kingdom say the national security law breached?
A) The World Trade Organization Charter
B) The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
C) The 1997 Handover Agreement
D) The 1984 Sino-British Joint Declaration
- 37. How many years of autonomy were provided for Hong Kong under the 1984 Sino-British Joint Declaration?
A) 99 years
B) 10 years
C) 50 years
D) 25 years
- 38. Which article of the national security law states that it is applicable to those who are neither permanent residents nor residents of Hong Kong?
A) Article 23
B) Article 18
C) Article 38
D) Article 50
- 39. Which ordinance specifically covers elements of security and was intended to prevent the creation of criminal secret societies and triads?
A) Official Secrets Ordinance
B) Societies Ordinance
C) Crimes Ordinance
D) Basic Law Ordinance
- 40. In what year was the Societies Ordinance reintroduced and amended to specifically mention "foreign political organisations"?
A) 1993
B) 1949
C) 1971
D) 1997
- 41. Since what year has the Crimes Ordinance been in place without being amended?
A) 2020
B) 1993
C) 1949
D) 1971
- 42. In what year was national security legislation first implemented in mainland China?
A) 1993
B) 2020
C) 1971
D) 1949
- 43. Who set up a National Security Commission that he heads himself, making mainland China's law more restrictive?
A) The Central People's Government
B) Xi Jinping
C) Wilson Leung
D) The NPCSC
- 44. What is the position of Xi Jinping within the Chinese Communist Party as mentioned in the text?
A) President of the Basic Law
B) General secretary
C) Chief executive
D) Head barrister
- 45. What international principles were invoked in response to the inclusion of 'national security' in the Societies Ordinance?
A) Beijing Principles
B) Siracusa Principles
C) Nuremberg Principles
D) Westphalia Principles
- 46. When was the Crimes (Amendment) (No.2) Bill introduced by the Hong Kong Legislative Council?
A) June 1989
B) January 1992
C) July 1997
D) December 1996
- 47. How did the Hong Kong council describe the sedition legislation existing prior to the 1996 bill?
A) Archaic
B) Adequate for the handover
C) Modern and comprehensive
D) Democratic and lenient
- 48. What did the 1996 Crimes Bill propose regarding dissent of the government?
A) Banning all forms of dissent
B) Restricting dissent to the judiciary
C) Legalising dissent
D) Criminalizing speech completely
- 49. When did the Hong Kong government release its Consultation Document for Article 23?
A) February 2003
B) September 2002
C) December 2002
D) July 2003
- 50. When was the National Security (Legislative Provisions) Bill introduced?
A) July 2003
B) December 2002
C) September 2002
D) February 2003
- 51. What did the 2003 bill do to the definition of 'sedition'?
A) Replaced it with treason
B) Narrowed the definition
C) Broadened the definition significantly
D) Removed the definition entirely
- 52. Who was the Chief Executive of Hong Kong during the 2003 protests?
A) Chris Patten
B) Regina Ip
C) James Tien
D) Tung Chee-hwa
- 53. Who was the Secretary for Security in charge of the 2003 bill?
A) Anson Chan
B) Regina Ip
C) Tung Chee-hwa
D) James Tien
- 54. Who was the Liberal Party chairman who resigned from the Executive Council on 6 July 2003?
A) Regina Ip
B) Martin Lee
C) James Tien
D) Tung Chee-hwa
- 55. According to an NPCSC deputy, by when do the Article 23 legislative provisions still have to be passed?
A) June 2020
B) August 2021
C) May 2020
D) September 2020
- 56. Which political analyst described Beijing's move as a dramatic and risky policy change that could lead to losing access to foreign capital and technology?
A) Dang Yuan
B) Daniel R. Russel
C) Tania Branigan
D) Brian Fong
- 57. Who wrote an article in The Diplomat on 3 June 2020 regarding China's decision?
A) Daniel R. Russel
B) Dang Yuan
C) Brian Fong
D) Lily Kuo
- 58. Who wrote for Deutsche Welle that Beijing wants to maintain the appearance of Hong Kong's autonomy?
A) Tania Branigan
B) Dang Yuan
C) Daniel R. Russel
D) Brian Fong
- 59. Which Taiwanese president expressed disappointment with the controversial security law?
A) Chen Ming-tong
B) Xi Jinping
C) Tsai Ing-wen
D) Dominic Raab
- 60. Which political party in Taiwan warned that the law marked the end of the "one country, two systems" policy?
A) Chinese Communist Party
B) Democratic Progressive Party
C) Mainland Affairs Council
D) Kuomintang
- 61. Who described the national security law as "a decree issued by the Celestial Empire to the people of the world"?
A) Simon Cheng
B) Dominic Raab
C) Tsai Ing-wen
D) Chen Ming-tong
- 62. Who stated that China was violating the Joint Declaration in their attempts to pursue the law?
A) Xi Jinping
B) Tsai Ing-wen
C) Dominic Raab
D) Chen Ming-tong
- 63. Who was accused by the UK government of being tortured by the Chinese government?
A) Tsai Ing-wen
B) Simon Cheng
C) Dominic Raab
D) Chen Ming-tong
- 64. Where did Simon Cheng visit when working at the British Consulate in Hong Kong?
A) Taiwan
B) London
C) Whitehall
D) The Mainland
- 65. What additional concern was raised in the 10 June 2021 UK report regarding the judiciary?
A) Increasing pressure on foreign judges
B) Mandatory Mandarin language trials
C) The removal of all local judges
D) The complete shutdown of the court system
- 66. Who announced on 3 June that he would allow Hong Kong residents with BN(O) passports to claim a visa if China pursued the law?
A) Priti Patel
B) Dominic Raab
C) Boris Johnson
D) David Cameron
- 67. Under Raab's initial proposal, how long would BN(O) passport holders be allowed to remain in the UK initially?
A) One month
B) Twelve months
C) Six months
D) Five years
- 68. What was the previous initial allowed period for BN(O) passport holders to stay in the UK before the new proposal?
A) Two years
B) Twelve months
C) Six months
D) Three months
- 69. Johnson's 3 June announcement covered BN(O) status holders born before which year?
A) 2000
B) 1997
C) 1984
D) 1990
- 70. Who clarified the extent of the scheme in correspondence with Johnson on 12 June 2020?
A) Theresa May
B) Dominic Raab
C) Boris Johnson
D) Priti Patel
- 71. Besides eligible BN(O) status holders, who else was allowed to enter the UK under the scheme clarified on 12 June?
A) Their employers
B) Their dependents
C) Their business partners
D) Their pet animals
- 72. After living in the UK for 5 years on the visa, what status could BN(O)s apply for under normal British nationality law?
A) Settled status
B) Permanent residency immediately
C) Dual citizenship
D) Political asylum
- 73. How long after obtaining settled status could applicants apply for citizenship?
A) A year later
B) Two years later
C) Five years later
D) Immediately
- 74. Approximately how many applications for the BN(O) route had there been by the end of 2022?
A) Around 1 million
B) Around 3 million
C) Around 161,000
D) Around 50,000
- 75. Which alliance held a teleconference in the first few days of June to discuss the Hong Kong situation?
A) ASEAN alliance
B) NATO alliance
C) G7 alliance
D) Five Eyes alliance
- 76. Which country requested that other nations share the burden of taking in Hong Kongers regarding the BNO extension?
A) Australia
B) New Zealand
C) The UK
D) Canada
- 77. The national security law proposal coincided with the anniversary of which historical event?
A) The founding of the People's Republic of China
B) The handover of Hong Kong
C) The Xinhai Revolution
D) Tiananmen Square massacre
- 78. Which group of nations signed an official statement on 17 June 2020 urging China to reconsider the national security law?
A) G7
B) Commonwealth realms
C) ASEAN
D) Five Eyes
- 79. Which notable G7 country joined in signing the statement urging China to reconsider the law?
A) Japan
B) Australia
C) New Zealand
D) Singapore
- 80. Who announced that New Zealand would review its relationship with Hong Kong on 9 July?
A) Winston Peters
B) Boris Johnson
C) Scott Morrison
D) Jacinda Ardern
- 81. On what date did New Zealand suspend its extradition treaty with Hong Kong?
A) 28 July
B) 17 June
C) 3 August
D) 9 July
- 82. Which US President declared that 'One country, two systems' was no longer in effect?
A) Donald Trump
B) George W. Bush
C) Joe Biden
D) Barack Obama
- 83. What executive order did Donald Trump issue that terminated Hong Kong's special trade status?
A) Executive Order 12345
B) Executive Order 13936
C) Executive Order 13500
D) Executive Order 14000
- 84. Which educational program did Donald Trump cancel with China?
A) Erasmus Mundus
B) Rhodes Scholarships
C) Peace Corps Programs
D) Fulbright Programs
- 85. Which Hong Kong Chief Executive was among those sanctioned by the US?
A) John Lee
B) Carrie Lam
C) Teresa Cheng
D) Chris Tang
- 86. Who was the head of the Committee for Safeguarding National Security sanctioned on 9 November?
A) Luo Huining
B) Li Jiangzhou
C) Xia Baolong
D) Edwina Lau Chi-wai
- 87. Who was the deputy director of the Hong Kong Office for Safeguarding National Security sanctioned on 9 November?
A) Edwina Lau Chi-wai
B) Li Jiangzhou
C) Eric Chan
D) Zhang Xiaoming
- 88. How many vice chairs of the NPCSC were sanctioned on 7 December by freezing US assets and barring travel?
A) 14
B) 10
C) 4
D) 61
- 89. Who strongly condemned the US sanctions on the NPCSC vice chairs on 8 December?
A) Gen Nakatani
B) Carrie Lam
C) Dominic Raab
D) Hua Chunying
- 90. According to a survey by the Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce, what percentage of responses felt the law would have a positive or no impact long-term?
A) Exactly 50%
B) Over 54%
C) Over 61%
D) Under 30%
- 91. According to the Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce survey, what percentage viewed the law as 'controversial'?
A) 61%
B) 14%
C) 10%
D) 54%
- 92. Which university replaced small group tutorials with one-on-one meetings to protect students and faculty from the national security law?
A) The University of Hong Kong
B) SOAS University of London
C) Oxford University
D) Cambridge University
- 93. Who was The Guardian's diplomatic editor who wrote about British Prime Ministers and Hong Kong autonomy on 3 June 2020?
A) Helen Davidson
B) Daniel Hurst
C) Johnny Patterson
D) Patrick Wintour
- 94. Which former British Prime Minister was described as being scared of the public perception of an influx of Hong Kong nationals in 2015?
A) Theresa May
B) Tony Blair
C) Boris Johnson
D) David Cameron
- 95. Who wanted Japan to take the lead on the G7's statement condemning China?
A) Patrick Wintour
B) Dominic Raab
C) Shinzo Abe
D) Zhang Xiaoming
- 96. What is China's most prominent economic relationship with South Korea mentioned in the text?
A) China is South Korea's most prominent trading partner
B) South Korea owns the majority of Chinese manufacturing plants
C) China provides all of South Korea's energy imports
D) They share a joint currency agreement
- 97. What missile defence programme previously caused China to place informal sanctions on South Korea?
A) European Sky Shield Initiative
B) Terminal High Altitude Area Defense
C) Iron Dome Missile Shield
D) Patriot Advanced Capability-3
- 98. Who claimed that the national security law would only give Hong Kong residents more freedom from violence and brainwashing?
A) CY Leung
B) Carrie Lam
C) Zhang Xiaoming
D) Jimmy Lai
- 99. What past evidence did the Global Times suggest could be used to prosecute pro-democracy businessman Jimmy Lai?
A) His past tweets
B) His academic publications
C) His overseas property deeds
D) His bank statements
- 100. What defensive response grew within the scientific field due to fear of being punished for research?
A) Underground publishing networks
B) Self-censorship
C) Relocation of all laboratories to Taiwan
D) Mass resignation of university deans
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