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John C. Calhoun - Quiz
Contributed by: Collins
  • 1. How many interpretations of Congressional power regarding slavery emerged in the 1840s?
A) Three
B) Four
C) Two
D) Five
  • 2. According to the 'free-soil doctrine', who had the power to outlaw slavery in the territories?
A) Congress
B) State governors
C) The Supreme Court
D) Local voters
  • 3. What did the popular sovereignty position argue regarding slavery in the territories?
A) Congress should decide
B) Voters living there should decide
C) The President should decide
D) The federal government should ban it
  • 4. What did the 'Calhoun doctrine' state regarding slavery in the territories?
A) The Supreme Court could outlaw it
B) Only Congress could outlaw it
C) Neither Congress nor local citizens could outlaw it
D) Only the citizens could outlaw it
  • 5. What role did Calhoun argue the federal government played in the territories?
A) The primary landowner
B) A neutral observer with no role
C) Absolute ruler of the territories
D) Trustee or agent of the sovereign states
  • 6. According to Calhoun, what was the federal government obliged not to do regarding the states?
A) Discriminate among them
B) Tax them unequally
C) Accept their laws
D) Form alliances with them
  • 7. What did Calhoun believe citizens had the right to take into any territory?
A) Only their families
B) Only gold and silver
C) Their property
D) Only agricultural tools
  • 8. In which month and year did Calhoun deliver a Senate speech explaining his doctrine?
A) March 1850
B) February 1847
C) January 1845
D) December 1848
  • 9. What did Calhoun argue would be a violation of the Constitution?
A) Enacting laws that deprive citizens of taking property into territories
B) Allowing territories to vote on statehood
C) Expanding the power of the Supreme Court
D) Permitting slavery in new territories
  • 10. According to historian Hermann von Holst, what was the government's duty under the Calhoun Doctrine?
A) Legislate the morality of slavery
B) Actively promote the spread of slavery
C) Act as if the existence of slavery in territories did not concern them
D) Enforce abolition in the territories
  • 11. Which political party did the Free Soil forces merge into around 1854?
A) Whig Party
B) Libertarian Party
C) Democratic Party
D) Republican Party
  • 12. Who used Calhoun's arguments in the 1857 Dred Scott v. Sandford case?
A) Hermann von Holst
B) Roger B. Taney
C) Abraham Lincoln
D) Robert R. Russell
  • 13. What did Roger B. Taney rule in the Dred Scott v. Sandford case?
A) The federal government could not prohibit slavery in any territory
B) Congress had the power to ban slavery in territories
C) Local voters had the final say on slavery
D) The federal government had total authority over slavery
  • 14. What prompted Calhoun to advocate for a standing army after the war?
A) He wanted to invade neighboring countries.
B) He wanted to occupy the Northeast states.
C) The President ordered him to expand the military.
D) The militia had proven itself to be unreliable.
  • 15. In 1816, what specific type of vessel did Calhoun propose for the navy?
A) Ironclad warships
B) Wooden schooners
C) Submarines
D) Steam frigates
  • 16. Why did Calhoun emphasize domestic manufacturing?
A) The British blockade had cut off imports.
B) He wanted to reduce the power of the Northeast.
C) Congress demanded high tariffs on all goods.
D) He believed in a primitive economy.
  • 17. How did an observer describe Calhoun's speaking style in the House?
A) Loud and musical.
B) Elegant and closely confined to the subject.
C) Charismatic and humorous.
D) Hesitant and unorganized.
  • 18. How did Calhoun improve his naturally poor voice?
A) He avoided public speaking entirely.
B) He hired a professional vocal coach.
C) Through systematic self-discipline and practice.
D) He used mechanical amplification devices.
  • 19. What did historian Russell Kirk mean by calling Calhoun the 'Cast-iron Man'?
A) He was easily offended by critics.
B) He was physically strong and athletic.
C) He was reserved and his passion was contained.
D) He was inflexible and stubborn in all policies.
  • 20. What did John Quincy Adams note about Calhoun in 1821?
A) He was a divisive figure in the Union.
B) He lacked basic understanding of philosophy.
C) He was above sectional and factious prejudices.
D) He was secretly plotting against the President.
  • 21. How many men declined the offer to be Secretary of War before Calhoun took the role?
A) One
B) Six
C) Four
D) Two
  • 22. In what year did Calhoun create the Bureau of Indian Affairs?
A) 1824
B) 1821
C) 1819
D) 1817
  • 23. Who was appointed as the first head of the Bureau of Indian Affairs?
A) James Monroe
B) Jacob Brown
C) William H. Crawford
D) Thomas McKenney
  • 24. How did Calhoun respond to General Jackson's invasion of Florida?
A) He resigned in protest.
B) He praised Jackson for his patriotism.
C) He advocated for censuring Jackson.
D) He immediately joined the invasion.
  • 25. Which treaty resulted in the annexation of Florida?
A) Treaty of 1812
B) Treaty of Ghent
C) Adams–Onís Treaty
D) Treaty of Missouri
  • 26. Who did Calhoun appoint to lead the army to create a better command structure?
A) William H. Crawford
B) Jacob Brown
C) James Tallmadge Jr.
D) Thomas McKenney
  • 27. In what year did John C. Calhoun marry Floride Bonneau Colhoun?
A) 1812
B) 1811
C) 1810
D) 1813
  • 28. Who was Floride Bonneau Colhoun's father?
A) John E. Colhoun
B) Andrew Pickens
C) Thomas Green Clemson
D) William Lowndes
  • 29. How many children did John C. Calhoun and his wife have?
A) Nine
B) Ten
C) Twelve
D) Eight
  • 30. What religious tradition was Calhoun raised in?
A) Catholic
B) Episcopal
C) Unitarian
D) Orthodox Presbyterian
  • 31. In 1821, Calhoun became a founding member of which church?
A) The Episcopal Church
B) All Souls Unitarian Church
C) The Presbyterian Church
D) The Charleston High Society Church
  • 32. How did historian Merrill D. Peterson describe Calhoun's writing attempts?
A) Every line began with 'whereas'
B) He was prone to extreme sarcasm
C) He wrote beautiful love sonnets
D) He refused to write anything but legal briefs
  • 33. Which congressional district did Calhoun win in 1810?
A) South Carolina's 6th congressional district
B) South Carolina's 1st congressional district
C) Kentucky's 6th congressional district
D) South Carolina's 4th congressional district
  • 34. Who did Calhoun defeat to win his seat in the House of Representatives?
A) John Archer Elmore
B) John Randolph of Roanoke
C) Daniel Webster
D) Henry Clay
  • 35. Calhoun was a leader of which group that pushed for war with Britain?
A) War Hawks
B) The Jeffersonians
C) The Anti-War Coalition
D) The Federalists
  • 36. On what date did the United States declare war on Britain?
A) June 18, 1814
B) December 24, 1812
C) June 18, 1812
D) January 1, 1812
  • 37. What nickname did a colleague give Calhoun for his work on the war effort?
A) The Architect of War
B) The young Hercules
C) The Iron Orator
D) The War Hawk
  • 38. In which year did Calhoun begin his political career in the House of Representatives?
A) 1824
B) 1810
C) 1804
D) 1812
  • 39. What illness caused John C. Calhoun's death in 1850?
A) Smallpox
B) Influenza
C) Tuberculosis
D) Pneumonia
  • 40. Who was the other vice president mentioned as having resigned from the position?
A) Daniel Webster
B) Spiro Agnew
C) John Tyler
D) Andrew Jackson
  • 41. Calhoun served as Secretary of War under which president?
A) John Quincy Adams
B) James Monroe
C) John Tyler
D) Andrew Jackson
  • 42. Which of these was a member of the 'Great Triumvirate' alongside Calhoun?
A) Timothy Dwight
B) James K. Polk
C) Tapping Reeve
D) Henry Clay
  • 43. What nickname was given to Calhoun later in life due to his rigid defense of Southern beliefs?
A) The Great Compromiser
B) The cast-iron man
C) The Nullifier
D) The Iron Senator
  • 44. Which college did Calhoun attend where he graduated as valedictorian in 1804?
A) Yale College
B) Princeton University
C) Tapping Reeve Law School
D) Harvard University
  • 45. What political concept did Calhoun advocate to protect minority rights against majority rule?
A) Concurrent majority
B) Federalist supremacy
C) Nationalist modernization
D) Universal suffrage
  • 46. What was the name of the estate where Calhoun owned dozens of slaves?
A) Monticello
B) Abbeville Plantation
C) Fort Hill
D) Mount Vernon
  • 47. Which state was Calhoun initially relying on for support during the 1824 election?
A) Pennsylvania
B) Georgia
C) South Carolina
D) New York
  • 48. How many electoral votes did Calhoun receive to become vice president in 1824?
A) 261
B) 182
C) 112
D) 150
  • 49. Besides Calhoun, who was the only other man to serve as vice president under two different presidents?
A) George Clinton
B) James Madison
C) John Adams
D) Thomas Jefferson
  • 50. Which Cabinet member supported the Eatons and eventually became a primary rival to Calhoun?
A) Samuel D. Ingham
B) Martin Van Buren
C) Thomas Hart Benton
D) John Eaton
  • 51. Which political issue, besides the Petticoat affair, caused a rift between Jackson and Calhoun?
A) The Nullification Crisis
B) The purchase of Florida
C) The war with Great Britain
D) The expansion of the Supreme Court
  • 52. Who was the editor of the newspaper where Calhoun published his controversial correspondence?
A) John Forsyth
B) Duff Green
C) Samuel D. Ingham
D) William B. Lewis
  • 53. Under what pseudonym or context was 'South Carolina Exposition and Protest' composed?
A) Under the name of Andrew Jackson.
B) Publicly signed by the South Carolina legislature.
C) Under the direction of John Quincy Adams.
D) Anonymously.
  • 54. Who wrote the bill that became the Tariff of 1832?
A) Louis McLane.
B) Henry Clay.
C) John Quincy Adams.
D) Gulian C. Verplanck.
  • 55. Which bill empowered the President to use military force to ensure compliance with federal law?
A) The Union Preservation Act.
B) The Force Bill.
C) The Tariff of 1828.
D) The Seminole Act.
  • 56. To whom did John C. Calhoun send his resignation letter as vice president?
A) Andrew Jackson
B) Edward Livingston
C) Robert Y. Hayne
D) Martin Van Buren
  • 57. How many tie-breaking votes did Calhoun cast as vice president?
A) 31
B) 12
C) 45
D) 10
  • 58. Which politician was considered to be an 'apostle of northern nationalism' during the debates?
A) Daniel Webster
B) Henry Clay
C) Martin Van Buren
D) Robert Y. Hayne
  • 59. What did Calhoun accuse Jackson of during the Bank War?
A) Too much support for the Bank
B) Trying to form a new political party
C) Over-reliance on Biddle
D) Ignorance about financial matters
  • 60. Who eventually surpassed Calhoun's record for tie-breaking votes as vice president?
A) Martin Van Buren
B) John Niven
C) Henry Clay
D) Kamala Harris
  • 61. Whose death created the vacancy that led to Calhoun's appointment as Secretary of State?
A) Abel P. Upshur
B) Benjamin Tappan
C) Richard Pakenham
D) William Henry Harrison
  • 62. Who leaked the details of the treaty negotiations and supporting documents to the press?
A) John Tyler
B) Richard Pakenham
C) Benjamin Tappan
D) Sam Houston
  • 63. Which foreign power did Tyler fear would gain influence in Texas?
A) Spain
B) Russia
C) Great Britain
D) France
  • 64. What was the final vote count for the rejection of the treaty in the Senate?
A) 25–25
B) 16–35
C) 10–40
D) 20–30
  • 65. What was the political status of John Tyler when he became president?
A) Independent
B) Republican
C) Whig
D) Former Democrat
  • 66. Where was the 1844 Democratic Convention held?
A) Washington, D.C.
B) Nashville, Tennessee
C) Baltimore, Maryland
D) Charleston, South Carolina
  • 67. What did Calhoun's supporters threaten to do at the 1844 convention?
A) Start a new political party
B) Boycott the state of Maryland
C) Bolt the proceedings
D) Support Henry Clay
  • 68. Which document of Calhoun's was identified with proslavery extremism?
A) Pakenham letter
B) The Nullification Proclamation
C) The South Carolina Exposition
D) The Washington Globe
  • 69. What was James K. Polk's political background?
A) A South Carolina diplomat
B) A New York governor
C) A Tennessee politician
D) A Virginia Senator
  • 70. Which organ did Calhoun want to dissolve as a condition for endorsing Polk?
A) The Texas Annexation Committee
B) The Pakenham Correspondence
C) The Washington Globe
D) The Democratic National Committee
  • 71. Who headed the Washington Globe?
A) James K. Polk
B) Martin Van Buren
C) Francis Preston Blair
D) John Tyler
  • 72. When did the Texas Republic approve the annexation treaty?
A) March 1845
B) May 1844
C) December 1845
D) October 1845
  • 73. When was Texas admitted as the 28th state of the Union?
A) December 29, 1845
B) January 1, 1846
C) October 1, 1845
D) March 1, 1845
  • 74. What was Calhoun's stance on the Mexican–American War?
A) Indifferent
B) Opposed
C) Supported
D) Neutral
  • 75. What was the '54–40 or fight' slogan associated with?
A) The Compromise of 1850
B) The Mexican–American War
C) The Nashville Convention
D) The Oregon boundary dispute
  • 76. How was the Oregon boundary dispute resolved?
A) British acquisition of all territory
B) Splitting the area at the 49th parallel
C) A naval blockade
D) United States acquisition of all territory
  • 77. Which event did Calhoun help organize to discuss Southern secession?
A) Constitutional Convention
B) Washington summit
C) Senate floor debate
D) Nashville Convention
  • 78. What term did Calhoun use to describe slavery?
A) Economic foundation
B) Southern heritage
C) Necessary evil
D) Peculiar institution
  • 79. What were the Southern radicals who pushed states' rights to the extreme called?
A) Expansionists
B) Secessionists
C) Fire-Eaters
D) Unionists
  • 80. Where was John C. Calhoun originally interred?
A) St. Philip's Churchyard
B) St. Paul's Episcopal Church
C) Fort Hill plantation
D) Congressional Cemetery
  • 81. Historian Lee H. Cheek Jr. contrasts Calhoun's republicanism with what tradition?
A) Quaker
B) Methodist
C) Puritan
D) Anglican
  • 82. Who taught Calhoun that social standing depended on slave ownership?
A) Patrick Calhoun
B) Thomas Jefferson
C) James Madison
D) Thomas Green Clemson
  • 83. What term did Calhoun famously use to describe slavery in his 1837 Senate speech?
A) Positive good
B) Necessary evil
C) Economic burden
D) Temporary arrangement
  • 84. What punishment did Calhoun order for his runaway slave, Alick?
A) Exile
B) 30 lashes
C) 10 lashes
D) 100 lashes
  • 85. How long did Calhoun want Alick kept in jail?
A) One year
B) One day
C) One week
D) One month
  • 86. How many years did Calhoun predict it would take for the Union to be destroyed?
A) Twenty years
B) Fifty years
C) Twelve years
D) Five years
  • 87. What policy did Calhoun oppose that sought to limit slavery in western territories?
A) Wilmot Proviso
B) Missouri Compromise
C) Kansas-Nebraska Act
D) Compromise of 1850
  • 88. Calhoun felt that slavery prevented society from measuring self-worth solely by what?
A) Money
B) Land ownership
C) Political power
D) Education
  • 89. How many Southern congressmen signed the 'Address of the Southern Delegates'?
A) Exactly 50%.
B) Less than 10%.
C) More than 80%.
D) Fewer than 40%.
  • 90. Who described Calhoun as 'the Marx of the master class'?
A) Richard Hofstadter
B) Charles E. Merriam
C) John Niven
D) Irving Bartlett
  • 91. Who was Calhoun College at Yale renamed after in 2017?
A) Grace Hopper
B) John F. Kennedy
C) Charles M. Wiltse
D) Peter Salovey
  • 92. Where is Calhoun commemorated at Yale besides the former Calhoun College?
A) The library entrance
B) Harkness Tower
C) The president's office
D) The main stadium
  • 93. Which university renamed its Honors College to remove John C. Calhoun's name in 2020?
A) University of South Carolina
B) Harvard University
C) Clemson University
D) Yale University
  • 94. In what year was a Confederate postage stamp featuring Calhoun printed but never released?
A) 1850
B) 1862
C) 1870
D) 1865
  • 95. Who portrayed John C. Calhoun in the 1997 film Amistad?
A) Daniel Day-Lewis
B) Morgan Freeman
C) Tommy Lee Jones
D) Arliss Howard
  • 96. What was the name of the Minneapolis community band that changed its name to distance itself from Calhoun?
A) The Calhoun Symphonic Band
B) Minneapolis Heritage Band
C) Calhoun-Isles Community Band
D) The Dakota Lakes Band
  • 97. How high was the statue of Calhoun erected in Charleston in 1896?
A) 25 feet
B) 200 feet
C) 50 feet
D) 115 feet
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