- 1. William Turner, often referred to simply as Turner, was an English Romantic painter, watercolourist, and printmaker, born on April 23, 1775, in Covent Garden, London. Renowned for his expressive use of color and light, Turner played a pivotal role in the transition from Romanticism to Impressionism. His innovative landscapes and seascapes, characterized by luminous atmospheric effects and dramatic natural phenomena, elevated the status of watercolor painting and established him as one of the key figures in British art. Notably, Turner's works often depicted nature's sublime power, capturing the essence of the English countryside and the tumultuous sea, as seen in masterpieces like 'The Fighting Temeraire' and 'Rain, Steam and Speed - The Great Western Railway.' His later career was marked by a progressive abstraction and intense exploration of color, leading critics to refer to him as 'the painter of light.' Despite facing criticism during his lifetime, Turner was also celebrated for his technical brilliance and visionary approach, and his influence extended beyond his own era, inspiring countless artists and movements, including the Impressionists and the Abstract Expressionists. Turner's legacy endures today, positioned firmly within the canon of Western art as one of the most significant and pioneering artists of the 19th century, culminating in his bequest of over 300 paintings and thousands of drawings and watercolors to the British nation, thereby securing his status as a national treasure.
When did William Turner die?
A) 1900
B) 1800
C) 1851
D) 1950
- 2. In which city did William Turner die?
A) Paris
B) London
C) New York
D) Rome
- 3. Which art movement was William Turner associated with?
A) Impressionism
B) Romanticism
C) Cubism
D) Surrealism
- 4. What was the nationality of William Turner?
A) British
B) French
C) Italian
D) Spanish
- 5. Who was William Turner's mentor?
A) Joseph Mallord William Turner
B) John Ruskin
C) John Constable
D) Thomas Malton
- 6. What was the title of the biographical film about William Turner released in 2014?
A) The Artist
B) Turner
C) Mr. Turner
D) The Painter
- 7. What was the name of the art academy William Turner studied at?
A) Royal College of Art
B) Royal Academy of Arts
C) Académie Julian
D) École des Beaux-Arts
- 8. Which famous ship is depicted in William Turner's painting 'The Fighting Temeraire'?
A) HMS Temeraire
B) HMS Beagle
C) SS Great Britain
D) USS Constitution
- 9. What was the title of the series of prints by William Turner depicting European cities?
A) Caprichos
B) Die Schaffenden
C) Les Nabis
D) Liber Studiorum
- 10. Where was William Turner born?
A) Dublin, Ireland
B) Edinburgh, Scotland
C) Covent Garden, London
D) Cardiff, Wales
- 11. What was William Turner's father's occupation?
A) Doctor
B) Barber
C) Blacksmith
D) Merchant
- 12. Which art collector purchased many of William Turner's works and bequeathed them to the nation?
A) Albert Barnes
B) Peggy Guggenheim
C) Henry Vaughan
D) Isabella Stewart Gardner
- 13. Which British monarch was on the throne during William Turner's lifetime?
A) Queen Victoria
B) George IV
C) Queen Elizabeth I
D) King Edward VII
- 14. Who was the critic and writer known for his controversial opinion about William Turner's work, calling it 'pictures of nothing'?
A) John Ruskin
B) Clement Greenberg
C) Harold Rosenberg
D) Émile Zola
- 15. Which art movement emerged during William Turner's later years that he was often associated with posthumously due to his innovative techniques?
A) Pre-Raphaelites
B) Impressionism
C) Realism
D) Symbolism
- 16. At what age did William Turner pass away?
A) 66
B) 86
C) 76
D) 56
- 17. Where is William Turner buried?
A) Highgate Cemetery
B) Père Lachaise Cemetery
C) St. Paul's Cathedral
D) Westminster Abbey
- 18. In which year did the Ashmolean Museum hold a retrospective exhibition of Turner's work?
A) 1918
B) 1908
C) 1898
D) 1888
- 19. Who raised William Turner after his father's death in 1791?
A) His uncle
B) His mother
C) His aunt
D) His grandmother
- 20. In which year did Turner join John Varley in London?
A) 1808
B) 1803
C) 1807
D) 1810
- 21. When was Turner elected as a full member of the Royal Watercolour Society?
A) 1808
B) 1807
C) 1810
D) 1809
- 22. What style was the church designed by William Turner in Shipton-on-Cherwell?
A) Romanesque
B) Renaissance
C) Decorated Gothic
D) Baroque
- 23. In which year did William Turner die?
A) 1872
B) 1862
C) 1852
D) 1882
- 24. Which museum in New Zealand holds some of Turner's paintings?
A) Christchurch Art Gallery
B) Auckland Art Gallery
C) Dunedin Public Art Gallery
D) Wellington City Gallery
- 25. In which year did Turner have his first exhibition at the Royal Academy?
A) 1811
B) 1805
C) 1807
D) 1809
- 26. How many oil paintings did Turner leave behind?
A) More than 550
B) Approximately 300
C) Over 1000
D) Less than 200
- 27. At what age did Turner enroll at the Royal Academy of Arts?
A) 14
B) 16
C) 12
D) 18
- 28. Which city did Turner travel to in 1802, typically returning with sketchbooks?
A) America
B) Europe
C) Asia
D) Africa
- 29. What was the name of Turner's mother?
A) Mary Marshall
B) Sarah Danby
C) Elizabeth Turner
D) Georgiana Marshall
- 30. Where did Turner's mother die?
A) A private clinic
B) Home in London
C) St Luke's Hospital for Lunatics
D) Bethlem Hospital, a mental asylum
- 31. What was the profession of Turner's maternal uncle?
A) Butcher
B) Architect
C) Artist
D) Barber
- 32. In which town did Turner produce a series of drawings that foreshadowed his later work?
A) Oxford
B) Sunningwell
C) Margate
D) Brentford
- 33. What did Turner call Thomas Malton?
A) My real master
B) An inspiring teacher
C) A great mentor
D) A good friend
- 34. Who advised Turner to focus on painting instead of architecture?
A) Wilton
B) Hardwick
C) George Wyndham
D) Sir Joshua Reynolds
- 35. How many times did Turner's name appear in the academy registry between July 1790 and October 1793?
A) Once
B) Twice
C) Fifty times
D) Over a hundred times
- 36. In which year was Turner admitted to the life class at the academy?
A) 1793
B) 1792
C) 1790
D) 1789
- 37. What was the title of Turner's 1793 oil painting that foreshadowed his later climatical effects?
A) Snow Storm: Hannibal and his Army Crossing the Alps
B) The Rising Squall, Hot Wells
C) A View of the Archbishop's Palace, Lambeth
D) Fishermen at Sea
- 38. Which British writer wrote an obituary for Turner recognizing his mastery of effect?
A) Sir Joshua Reynolds
B) Wilton
C) George Wyndham
D) Peter Cunningham
- 39. What was the title of the nocturnal moonlit scene Turner exhibited in 1796?
A) The Rising Squall, Hot Wells
B) A View of the Archbishop's Palace, Lambeth
C) Fishermen at Sea
D) Snow Storm: Hannibal and his Army Crossing the Alps
- 40. Which artists influenced Turner's painting 'Fishermen at Sea'?
A) Wilton, George Wyndham, Sir Joshua Reynolds
B) Claude Joseph Vernet, Philip James de Loutherbourg, Peter Monamy, and Francis Swaine
C) Hardwick, Walter Ramsden Fawkes, Peter Cunningham
D) George Wyndham, Sir Joshua Reynolds, Hardwick
- 41. In which year did Turner first travel to France and Switzerland?
A) 1789
B) 1797
C) 1802
D) 1796
- 42. Where did Turner study in Paris during his travels in 1802?
A) The Louvre
B) Petworth House
C) Royal Academy of Art
D) Farnley Hall
- 43. Who was an important supporter and close friend of Turner's work?
A) Sir Joshua Reynolds
B) George Wyndham
C) Peter Cunningham
D) Walter Ramsden Fawkes
- 44. What inspired the stormy backdrop in 'Snow Storm: Hannibal and his Army Crossing the Alps'?
A) A storm in Paris
B) A storm over the Chevin in Otley
C) A storm in Venice
D) A storm at Petworth House
- 45. Where is the largest collection of Turner's work outside the Tate displayed?
A) Petworth House
B) The Louvre
C) Royal Academy of Art
D) Farnley Hall
- 46. How long did Turner's father live with him and work as his studio assistant?
A) 20 years
B) 30 years
C) 40 years
D) 25 years
- 47. What nickname did Turner use when living with Sophia Caroline Booth?
A) 'The Master'
B) 'Mr Booth' or 'Admiral Booth'
C) 'Painter of Light'
D) 'Sir John'
- 48. Who was Edward Thomas Daniell in relation to Turner?
A) His business partner
B) A short but intense friend who provided spiritual comfort.
C) His rival
D) His art critic
- 49. What were Turner's last reported words?
A) 'I have lived a good life.'
B) 'Art is eternal.'
C) 'The Sun (or Son?) is God', though this may be apocryphal.
D) 'Painting is my only love.'
- 50. Which critic described Turner's later pictures as 'fantastic puzzles'?
A) Sir George Beaumont
B) David Piper
C) John Eagles
D) John Ruskin
- 51. How many prints were in Turner's Liber Studiorum?
A) Sixty
B) Seventy
C) Eighty
D) Fifty
- 52. Which movement's artists studied Turner's techniques carefully?
A) The Impressionists
B) The Surrealists
C) The Romantics
D) The Cubists
- 53. Which pigment did J.M.W. Turner use despite knowing it wasn't long-lasting?
A) Zinc white
B) Carmine
C) Ultramarine
D) Viridian
- 54. What was Ruskin's complaint about Turner's work?
A) It decayed quickly
B) It lacked detail
C) It was too dark
D) It was overpriced
- 55. What was Turner's attitude towards the longevity of his materials?
A) He avoided using carmine
B) He prioritized long-lasting pigments
C) He chose materials that looked good when freshly applied, indifferent to their durability
D) He followed contemporary experts' advice strictly
- 56. In which year did the Thames Television production 'The Sun Is God,' featuring Leo McKern as J.M.W. Turner, air?
A) 1994
B) 1984
C) 1974
D) 1964
- 57. Who directed the film 'Mr. Turner,' a biopic of J.M.W. Turner's later years?
A) Leo McKern
B) Mike Leigh
C) Timothy Spall
D) Michael Darlow
- 58. At which film festival did 'Mr. Turner' premiere in competition for the Palme d'Or?
A) Venice Film Festival 2014
B) Berlin International Film Festival 2014
C) Sundance Film Festival 2014
D) 2014 Cannes Film Festival
- 59. Who won the award for Best Actor at the 2014 Cannes Film Festival for their role in 'Mr. Turner'?
A) Leo McKern
B) Mike Leigh
C) Timothy Spall
D) Dorothy Atkinson
- 60. When did the Turner £20 note enter circulation?
A) Thursday, 20 February 2020
B) Friday, 31 December 2019
C) Monday, 1 January 2020
D) Wednesday, 15 March 2020
- 61. Who authored 'J.M.W. Turner' published by Tate Publishing in 2007?
A) Colin Harrison
B) Franny Moyle
C) James Hamilton
D) Ian Warrell
- 62. Which museum published 'Turner's Oxford' in the year 2000?
A) Thames & Hudson
B) Jeremy Mills Publishing
C) Ashmolean Museum
D) Tate Publishing
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