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Contributed by: Vergonio
  • 1. What is the main principle of utilitarianism?
A) Follow moral duties regardless of consequences
B) Maximize happiness and minimize suffering
C) Act according to personal virtue
D) Follow religious principles strictly
  • 2. A scientist discovers a cure for a deadly disease but needs to test it on 100 people without their knowledge to confirm its effectiveness. If successful, it could save millions. What would a utilitarian do?
A) Conduct the test but only on prisoners
B) Approve the testing, because saving millions outweighs harming 100 people
C) Delay the test until everyone consents, even if it means more deaths
D) Reject the testing because it violates informed consent
  • 3. Which of the following is an example of utilitarian reasoning?
A) A soldier follows orders regardless of personal beliefs
B) A judge follows the law even if it leads to an unfair result
C) A doctor saves five patients by using the organs of one healthy person
D) A student refuses to cheat because honesty is a virtue
  • 4. Who is the most famous proponent of utilitarianism?
A) Immanuel Kant
B) David Hume
C) Aristotle
D) John Stuart Mill
  • 5. According to Kant’s categorical imperative, how should people act?
A) By following whatever society deems acceptable
B) By maximizing their own personal benefit
C) Based on what brings the most pleasure
D) According to universal moral laws that apply to everyone
  • 6. Which ethical theory focuses on duty and rules?
A) Utilitarianism
B) Moral Relativism
C) Virtue Ethics
D) Deontology
  • 7. You find a wallet on the street with $500 and an ID inside. You really need the money to pay rent. What would a deontologist likely do?
A) Donate the money to charity instead
B) Keep it, but try to pay it forward later
C) Keep the money because no one will know
D) Return it because honesty is a moral duty
  • 8. Which ethical theory prioritizes the greatest good for the greatest number?
A) Deontology
B) Moral Relativism
C) Virtue Ethics
D) Utilitarianism
  • 9. Your best friend asks you to lie to their partner to cover up their cheating. If you refuse, your friend may end the friendship. What would a virtue ethicist likely do?
A) Lie to protect the friendship
B) Refuse, because honesty and loyalty should be upheld
C) Tell the partner directly to stop the deception
D) Lie now, but encourage your friend to confess later
  • 10. Which ethical theory is concerned with developing good character traits?
A) Moral Relativism
B) Deontology
C) Utilitarianism
D) Virtue Ethics
  • 11. Who is the most famous philosopher associated with virtue ethics?
A) Mill
B) Kant
C) Aristotle
D) Locke
  • 12. According to Aristotle, what is the ultimate goal of human life?
A) Following strict moral laws
B) Eudaimonia (flourishing and well-being)
C) Maximizing pleasure
D) Power
  • 13. What philosopher is most associated with deontology?
A) Thomas Hobbes
B) Aristotle
C) Immanuel Kant
D) John Stuart Mill
  • 14. A doctor is treating a terminally ill patient who is in severe pain. The patient begs for assisted euthanasia, but it is illegal in their country. What would a deontologist do?
A) Consider the patient's wishes and weigh the emotional impact
B) Assist the patient to relieve suffering
C) Let the family decide
D) Refuse, because following the law is a moral duty
  • 15. Which of the following is an example of virtue ethics?
A) A scientist falsifies data to get ahead in their career
B) A soldier obeys orders even when they seem unethical
C) A politician lies because it will make people happier
D) A person practices honesty because it is part of being a good person
  • 16. Which of the following is an example of a deontological approach to ethics?
A) A person tells the truth, even when it has negative consequences
B) A doctor saves five patients by sacrificing one healthy patient
C) Someone helps others only if it benefits them personally
D) A company lies to increase profits but later donates to charity
  • 17. Who should be responsible for the unintended consequences of technology?
A) The government through regulations
B) The users who adopt the technology
C) The developers who create the technology
D) All of the above
  • 18. What is the primary ethical concern when balancing innovation and responsibility?
A) Preventing competition in the market
B) Making technology as profitable as possible
C) Ensuring fairness and preventing harm
D) Slowing down technological progress
  • 19. Who should be held accountable if an AI system causes harm?
A) No one, since AI decisions are unpredictable
B) The AI itself
C) The users who operate it
D) The company that designed it
  • 20. Is it ethical to replace human workers with AI if it increases efficiency?
A) Yes, because efficiency benefits the economy
B) Only if there are programs to retrain displaced workers
C) No, because it puts people out of jobs
D) AI should never replace humans
  • 21. Should social media platforms be responsible for fact-checking content?
A) Only if they are forced to by the government
B) No, because it limits free speech
C) Yes, to prevent the spread of misinformation
D) No, because users should fact-check themselves
  • 22. Should ethical hacking be encouraged to improve cybersecurity?
A) No, because hacking is always illegal
B) No, because companies should secure their systems without outside help
C) Yes, to find vulnerabilities before criminals do
D) Only if the hacker is government-approved
  • 23. What is the main ethical issue with facial recognition technology?
A) It can invade privacy and lead to government surveillance
B) There are no ethical issues with facial recognition
C) It helps identify criminals more efficiently
D) It is useful for security and should be widely adopted
  • 24. How much personal data should companies be allowed to collect?
A) Only what is necessary for their services
B) As much as they want if users consent
C) None, as data collection is always unethical
D) Everything, since data is valuable for business growth
  • 25. Is it ethical for governments to use mass surveillance to prevent crime?
A) Only if citizens are informed and give consent
B) Yes, as long as the data is used responsibly
C) No, because it violates privacy rights
D) Yes, if it helps national security
  • 26. Should AI systems be allowed to make life-or-death decisions (e.g., autonomous weapons, medical AI)?
A) Only if the AI has been extensively tested and proven reliable
B) It depends on the situation
C) No, because ethical responsibility should remain with humans
D) Yes, if they are more accurate than humans
  • 27. What is a major ethical concern about AI bias?
A) Bias in AI is not an ethical concern
B) AI can never be biased because it is based on data
C) AI bias can be eliminated with more data
D) AI can reinforce existing societal inequalities
  • 28. What ethical issue arises from social media algorithms prioritizing engagement?
A) Users get better content recommendations
B) It can promote misinformation and divisive content
C) It only affects entertainment content, not news
D) Algorithms are neutral and have no ethical concerns
  • 29. Should governments regulate social media content?
A) Only for specific types of content (e.g., hate speech)
B) Yes, to prevent harmful content from spreading
C) Governments should own social media platforms to control content
D) No, because it may limit free speech
  • 30. What is the primary law governing cybercrimes in the Philippines?
A) RA10173
B) RA10844
C) RA 10175
D) RA8792
  • 31. What does RA10175 stand for?
A) Anti-Cybercrime law
B) Cybercrime prevention act of 2012
C) E-commerce act
D) Data Privacy act of 2012
  • 32. Which law in the Philippines governs the protection of personal data?
A) RA10175
B) RA8792
C) RA10173
D) RA9995
  • 33. What is the significance of "RA 8792"?
A) Penalizes hacking activities
B) Provides guidelines on cyberbullying
C) Regulates online commerce
D) Protects minors online
  • 34. Ethical hacking is also known as:
A) Penetration fraud
B) White hat hacking
C) Red Teaming
D) Black hat hacking
  • 35. Which government agency is primarily responsible for implementing cybercrime laws in the Philippines?
A) DOST
B) NBI - Cybercrime division
C) DICT
D) DOJ - Office of Cybercrime
  • 36. What must ethical hackers obtain before performing any penetration testing?
A) No requirement needed
B) A signed non-disclosure agreement
C) A written consent from the system owner
D) A court order
  • 37. What is the penalty for cyber libel under RA 10175?
A) Fine only
B) Deportation
C) 6 months to 6 years imprisonment and/or fine
D) Life imprisonment
  • 38. What is the main goal of ethical hacking?
A) to spread virus legally
B) To identify and fix security vulnerabilities
C) to bypass cybersecurity systems
D) To steal data anonymously
  • 39. In RA 10175, which of the following can be considered a "cyber-dependent crime"?
A) Theft
B) Fraud via physical documents
C) Murder
D) Hacking
  • 40. Which of these activities is ILLEGAL even with the intention of helping?
A) Scanning networks with written permission
B) Reporting a security flaw you discovered accidentally
C) Testing your own system for vulnerabilities
D) Disclosing vulnerabilities to an organization you hacked without consent
  • 41. Which ethical hacking tool is used for packet sniffing?
A) Nmap
B) Nessus
C) Wireshark
D) John the Ripper
  • 42. Which of the following is an example of a cyber offense under the "content-related offenses" category in RA 10175?
A) Data interference
B) Unauthorized access
C) Cybersex
D) Cyberterrorism
  • 43. Which of the following is NOT considered a cybercrime under RA10175?
A) Identity Theft
B) Libel
C) Software piracy
D) Cybersex
  • 44. Which of these types of hackers breaks into systems for malicious reasons?
A) White-hat
B) Grey-hat
C) Red-hat
D) Black-hat
  • 45. What type of hacker falls between legal and illegal activities, often acting without permission but not with malicious intent?
A) Blue-hat
B) Black-hat
C) White-hat
D) Grey-hat
  • 46. Which of the following is a technical form of cybercrime?
A) Online libel
B) Cyberbullying
C) Hacking into a server
D) Cyberstalking
  • 47. Under RA 10173 (Data Privacy Act), who is responsible for securing personal information in a company?
A) The HR Manager
B) The Compliance Officer
C) The CEO
D) The Data Protection Officer (DPO)
  • 48. Which of these qualifies as a derivative work?
A) A direct copy of a novel
B) A fan-made film based on a copyrighted movie
C) A photograph of a public sculpture
D) A new invention
  • 49. Which of these actions is MOST likely to infringe copyright?
A) Linking to an external website
B) Quoting a paragraph from a book in a review
C) Using a copyrighted image in a blog without credit or license
D) Creating your own version of a song
  • 50. Which of the following CANNOT be patented?
A) A pharmaceutical process
B) A mechanical invention
C) A mathematical formula
D) A chemical compound
  • 51. What is fair use in copyright law?
A) Using copyrighted content if it’s under 30 seconds
B) Limited use of copyrighted work for purposes like commentary, criticism, or education
C) A license to use any copyrighted content
D) Reproducing a full work as long as it’s not sold
  • 52. A student paraphrases an article without citation. Is that plagiarism?
A) Not if it's under 100 words
B) Yes, because the ideas are not original
C) Only if the article was copyrighted
D) No, because the wording is different
  • 53. What does a patent protect?
A) Inventions and processes
B) Industrial designs
C) Trade secrets
D) Artistic works
  • 54. Which of the following is protected by copyright?
A) A company logo
B) A novel or a movie script
C) A new drug formula
D) An invention for a new machine
  • 55. What do you need to do to receive copyright protection?
A) Hire a lawyer
B) Register with the government
C) Submit a request to the UN
D) Nothing — it exists automatically when the work is created
  • 56. How long does copyright protection typically last for an individual’s original work?
A) 70 years after the author’s death
B) 10 years
C) Forever
D) 50 years from publication
  • 57. Which of the following best defines a trademark?
A) An exclusive right to make and sell an invention
B) A government-issued copyright
C) A sign, logo, or phrase that identifies a brand or company
D) A registered legal document
  • 58. What is the main purpose of intellectual property (IP) laws?
A) To protect creative works and inventions
B) To increase product prices
C) To control global markets
D) To limit free speech
  • 59. What is considered plagiarism?
A) Using another person's work without credit or acknowledgment
B) Publishing someone else’s work with permission
C) Quoting a source with proper citation
D) Hiring a freelance writer
  • 60. Copying code from a website without attribution is an example of:
A) Trademark dilution
B) Plagiarism
C) Fair use
D) Patent infringement
  • 61. What is the main purpose of GDPR?
A) To allow companies to share data more freely
B) To make internet access easier for European citizens
C) To enforce cybersecurity policies for governments
D) To protect the personal data and privacy of individuals
  • 62. Which profession has a special responsibility to ensure ethical data usage?
A) Graphic designers
B) Customer service agents
C) Sales representatives
D) Data scientists and analysts
  • 63. Which legal basis under GDPR does not require user consent for processing personal data?
A) Legitimate interests
B) Explicit consent
C) Contractual necessity
D) Both A and C
  • 64. Which of the following is NOT a right granted by GDPR?
A) Right to data portability
B) Right to access data
C) Right to object to automated decision-making
D) Right to compensation without legal process
  • 65. Which of the following is considered personal data under GDPR?
A) A user’s favorite color
B) A list of movie genres
C) A company’s name
D) An IP address
  • 66. Which of these actions would likely violate ethical standards in data collection?
A) Encrypting personal information
B) Selling user data without informing them
C) Encrypting personal information
D) Asking users for consent before collecting data
  • 67. What’s the ethical dilemma in using publicly available data for AI training?
A) The data may have been posted without meaningful consent
B) AI systems require private data
C) Public data has copyright
D) The data is too expensive
  • 68. Which principle is NOT one of the core principles of GDPR?
A) Accountability
B) Purpose limitation
C) Data minimization
D) Data monetization
  • 69. Under GDPR, individuals have the right to:
A) Automatically block all marketing
B) Be forgotten (have their data erased)
C) Monitor company data servers
D) Prevent companies from using encryption
  • 70. A mobile app collects precise location data and uses it for targeted advertising. What ethical issue is MOST relevant here?
A) System optimization
B) Data redundancy
C) Inadequate transparency and consent
D) Lack of data portability
  • 71. Under GDPR, what is data minimization?
A) Collecting only data that is adequate, relevant, and limited to what's necessary
B) Archiving old data in compressed formats
C) Deleting user accounts after inactivity
D) Removing duplicate user entries
  • 72. Which of the following is an ethical approach to handling user data?
A) Collecting as much data as possible for future use
B) Making consent forms hard to read
C) Collecting only the data needed for a specific purpose
D) Selling anonymized data without informing users
  • 73. A company anonymizes user data and shares it. What’s a key GDPR risk they may still face?
A) Anonymized data can't be stored long term
B) Data anonymization is illegal
C) Poor anonymization may allow re-identification
D) Anonymized data must be destroyed after 1 year
  • 74. What is informed consent in data privacy?
A) Users knowingly agreeing to data use with clear information
B) A verbal agreement recorded during a phone call
C) Automatically opting in users to data collection
D) A vague statement hidden in the Terms & Conditions
  • 75. How soon must a data breach be reported under GDPR?
A) As soon as the company completes an internal investigation
B) Only if over 1,000 users are affected
C) Within 30 days
D) 72 hours
  • 76. What does GDPR stand for?
A) Global Data Privacy Regulation
B) Government Data Privacy Regulation
C) General Data Protection Regulation
D) General Digital Protection Rules
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