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Contributed by: Vergonio
  • 1. What is the main principle of utilitarianism?
A) Follow religious principles strictly
B) Maximize happiness and minimize suffering
C) Act according to personal virtue
D) Follow moral duties regardless of consequences
  • 2. A scientist discovers a cure for a deadly disease but needs to test it on 100 people without their knowledge to confirm its effectiveness. If successful, it could save millions. What would a utilitarian do?
A) Reject the testing because it violates informed consent
B) Delay the test until everyone consents, even if it means more deaths
C) Conduct the test but only on prisoners
D) Approve the testing, because saving millions outweighs harming 100 people
  • 3. Which of the following is an example of utilitarian reasoning?
A) A soldier follows orders regardless of personal beliefs
B) A doctor saves five patients by using the organs of one healthy person
C) A student refuses to cheat because honesty is a virtue
D) A judge follows the law even if it leads to an unfair result
  • 4. Who is the most famous proponent of utilitarianism?
A) David Hume
B) John Stuart Mill
C) Immanuel Kant
D) Aristotle
  • 5. According to Kant’s categorical imperative, how should people act?
A) By following whatever society deems acceptable
B) Based on what brings the most pleasure
C) By maximizing their own personal benefit
D) According to universal moral laws that apply to everyone
  • 6. Which ethical theory focuses on duty and rules?
A) Utilitarianism
B) Deontology
C) Moral Relativism
D) Virtue Ethics
  • 7. You find a wallet on the street with $500 and an ID inside. You really need the money to pay rent. What would a deontologist likely do?
A) Return it because honesty is a moral duty
B) Donate the money to charity instead
C) Keep the money because no one will know
D) Keep it, but try to pay it forward later
  • 8. Which ethical theory prioritizes the greatest good for the greatest number?
A) Moral Relativism
B) Deontology
C) Virtue Ethics
D) Utilitarianism
  • 9. Your best friend asks you to lie to their partner to cover up their cheating. If you refuse, your friend may end the friendship. What would a virtue ethicist likely do?
A) Tell the partner directly to stop the deception
B) Refuse, because honesty and loyalty should be upheld
C) Lie now, but encourage your friend to confess later
D) Lie to protect the friendship
  • 10. Which ethical theory is concerned with developing good character traits?
A) Utilitarianism
B) Moral Relativism
C) Virtue Ethics
D) Deontology
  • 11. Who is the most famous philosopher associated with virtue ethics?
A) Mill
B) Aristotle
C) Kant
D) Locke
  • 12. According to Aristotle, what is the ultimate goal of human life?
A) Eudaimonia (flourishing and well-being)
B) Following strict moral laws
C) Power
D) Maximizing pleasure
  • 13. What philosopher is most associated with deontology?
A) Immanuel Kant
B) Aristotle
C) Thomas Hobbes
D) John Stuart Mill
  • 14. A doctor is treating a terminally ill patient who is in severe pain. The patient begs for assisted euthanasia, but it is illegal in their country. What would a deontologist do?
A) Let the family decide
B) Refuse, because following the law is a moral duty
C) Assist the patient to relieve suffering
D) Consider the patient's wishes and weigh the emotional impact
  • 15. Which of the following is an example of virtue ethics?
A) A soldier obeys orders even when they seem unethical
B) A person practices honesty because it is part of being a good person
C) A scientist falsifies data to get ahead in their career
D) A politician lies because it will make people happier
  • 16. Which of the following is an example of a deontological approach to ethics?
A) A company lies to increase profits but later donates to charity
B) A doctor saves five patients by sacrificing one healthy patient
C) A person tells the truth, even when it has negative consequences
D) Someone helps others only if it benefits them personally
  • 17. Who should be responsible for the unintended consequences of technology?
A) The government through regulations
B) All of the above
C) The developers who create the technology
D) The users who adopt the technology
  • 18. What is the primary ethical concern when balancing innovation and responsibility?
A) Preventing competition in the market
B) Making technology as profitable as possible
C) Ensuring fairness and preventing harm
D) Slowing down technological progress
  • 19. Who should be held accountable if an AI system causes harm?
A) The AI itself
B) The users who operate it
C) The company that designed it
D) No one, since AI decisions are unpredictable
  • 20. Is it ethical to replace human workers with AI if it increases efficiency?
A) No, because it puts people out of jobs
B) AI should never replace humans
C) Only if there are programs to retrain displaced workers
D) Yes, because efficiency benefits the economy
  • 21. Should social media platforms be responsible for fact-checking content?
A) No, because it limits free speech
B) No, because users should fact-check themselves
C) Yes, to prevent the spread of misinformation
D) Only if they are forced to by the government
  • 22. Should ethical hacking be encouraged to improve cybersecurity?
A) No, because companies should secure their systems without outside help
B) Only if the hacker is government-approved
C) Yes, to find vulnerabilities before criminals do
D) No, because hacking is always illegal
  • 23. What is the main ethical issue with facial recognition technology?
A) It is useful for security and should be widely adopted
B) It helps identify criminals more efficiently
C) There are no ethical issues with facial recognition
D) It can invade privacy and lead to government surveillance
  • 24. How much personal data should companies be allowed to collect?
A) None, as data collection is always unethical
B) Everything, since data is valuable for business growth
C) Only what is necessary for their services
D) As much as they want if users consent
  • 25. Is it ethical for governments to use mass surveillance to prevent crime?
A) No, because it violates privacy rights
B) Only if citizens are informed and give consent
C) Yes, as long as the data is used responsibly
D) Yes, if it helps national security
  • 26. Should AI systems be allowed to make life-or-death decisions (e.g., autonomous weapons, medical AI)?
A) It depends on the situation
B) No, because ethical responsibility should remain with humans
C) Yes, if they are more accurate than humans
D) Only if the AI has been extensively tested and proven reliable
  • 27. What is a major ethical concern about AI bias?
A) AI can never be biased because it is based on data
B) Bias in AI is not an ethical concern
C) AI can reinforce existing societal inequalities
D) AI bias can be eliminated with more data
  • 28. What ethical issue arises from social media algorithms prioritizing engagement?
A) Users get better content recommendations
B) Algorithms are neutral and have no ethical concerns
C) It can promote misinformation and divisive content
D) It only affects entertainment content, not news
  • 29. Should governments regulate social media content?
A) Only for specific types of content (e.g., hate speech)
B) No, because it may limit free speech
C) Governments should own social media platforms to control content
D) Yes, to prevent harmful content from spreading
  • 30. What is the primary law governing cybercrimes in the Philippines?
A) RA10173
B) RA8792
C) RA 10175
D) RA10844
  • 31. What does RA10175 stand for?
A) E-commerce act
B) Anti-Cybercrime law
C) Cybercrime prevention act of 2012
D) Data Privacy act of 2012
  • 32. Which law in the Philippines governs the protection of personal data?
A) RA10173
B) RA9995
C) RA10175
D) RA8792
  • 33. What is the significance of "RA 8792"?
A) Protects minors online
B) Penalizes hacking activities
C) Provides guidelines on cyberbullying
D) Regulates online commerce
  • 34. Ethical hacking is also known as:
A) Red Teaming
B) Penetration fraud
C) Black hat hacking
D) White hat hacking
  • 35. Which government agency is primarily responsible for implementing cybercrime laws in the Philippines?
A) NBI - Cybercrime division
B) DOJ - Office of Cybercrime
C) DOST
D) DICT
  • 36. What must ethical hackers obtain before performing any penetration testing?
A) A signed non-disclosure agreement
B) No requirement needed
C) A written consent from the system owner
D) A court order
  • 37. What is the penalty for cyber libel under RA 10175?
A) Fine only
B) Life imprisonment
C) 6 months to 6 years imprisonment and/or fine
D) Deportation
  • 38. What is the main goal of ethical hacking?
A) To steal data anonymously
B) to spread virus legally
C) To identify and fix security vulnerabilities
D) to bypass cybersecurity systems
  • 39. In RA 10175, which of the following can be considered a "cyber-dependent crime"?
A) Murder
B) Theft
C) Fraud via physical documents
D) Hacking
  • 40. Which of these activities is ILLEGAL even with the intention of helping?
A) Disclosing vulnerabilities to an organization you hacked without consent
B) Scanning networks with written permission
C) Testing your own system for vulnerabilities
D) Reporting a security flaw you discovered accidentally
  • 41. Which ethical hacking tool is used for packet sniffing?
A) Nmap
B) John the Ripper
C) Wireshark
D) Nessus
  • 42. Which of the following is an example of a cyber offense under the "content-related offenses" category in RA 10175?
A) Cybersex
B) Data interference
C) Unauthorized access
D) Cyberterrorism
  • 43. Which of the following is NOT considered a cybercrime under RA10175?
A) Cybersex
B) Identity Theft
C) Libel
D) Software piracy
  • 44. Which of these types of hackers breaks into systems for malicious reasons?
A) White-hat
B) Grey-hat
C) Red-hat
D) Black-hat
  • 45. What type of hacker falls between legal and illegal activities, often acting without permission but not with malicious intent?
A) Grey-hat
B) Blue-hat
C) White-hat
D) Black-hat
  • 46. Which of the following is a technical form of cybercrime?
A) Cyberstalking
B) Cyberbullying
C) Hacking into a server
D) Online libel
  • 47. Under RA 10173 (Data Privacy Act), who is responsible for securing personal information in a company?
A) The Data Protection Officer (DPO)
B) The CEO
C) The Compliance Officer
D) The HR Manager
  • 48. Which of these qualifies as a derivative work?
A) A new invention
B) A photograph of a public sculpture
C) A direct copy of a novel
D) A fan-made film based on a copyrighted movie
  • 49. Which of these actions is MOST likely to infringe copyright?
A) Using a copyrighted image in a blog without credit or license
B) Quoting a paragraph from a book in a review
C) Linking to an external website
D) Creating your own version of a song
  • 50. Which of the following CANNOT be patented?
A) A pharmaceutical process
B) A mechanical invention
C) A mathematical formula
D) A chemical compound
  • 51. What is fair use in copyright law?
A) Using copyrighted content if it’s under 30 seconds
B) Reproducing a full work as long as it’s not sold
C) Limited use of copyrighted work for purposes like commentary, criticism, or education
D) A license to use any copyrighted content
  • 52. A student paraphrases an article without citation. Is that plagiarism?
A) Not if it's under 100 words
B) No, because the wording is different
C) Yes, because the ideas are not original
D) Only if the article was copyrighted
  • 53. What does a patent protect?
A) Trade secrets
B) Artistic works
C) Industrial designs
D) Inventions and processes
  • 54. Which of the following is protected by copyright?
A) An invention for a new machine
B) A new drug formula
C) A company logo
D) A novel or a movie script
  • 55. What do you need to do to receive copyright protection?
A) Register with the government
B) Submit a request to the UN
C) Hire a lawyer
D) Nothing — it exists automatically when the work is created
  • 56. How long does copyright protection typically last for an individual’s original work?
A) 50 years from publication
B) 10 years
C) 70 years after the author’s death
D) Forever
  • 57. Which of the following best defines a trademark?
A) A government-issued copyright
B) A registered legal document
C) An exclusive right to make and sell an invention
D) A sign, logo, or phrase that identifies a brand or company
  • 58. What is the main purpose of intellectual property (IP) laws?
A) To limit free speech
B) To control global markets
C) To protect creative works and inventions
D) To increase product prices
  • 59. What is considered plagiarism?
A) Publishing someone else’s work with permission
B) Using another person's work without credit or acknowledgment
C) Hiring a freelance writer
D) Quoting a source with proper citation
  • 60. Copying code from a website without attribution is an example of:
A) Plagiarism
B) Patent infringement
C) Fair use
D) Trademark dilution
  • 61. What is the main purpose of GDPR?
A) To protect the personal data and privacy of individuals
B) To make internet access easier for European citizens
C) To enforce cybersecurity policies for governments
D) To allow companies to share data more freely
  • 62. Which profession has a special responsibility to ensure ethical data usage?
A) Sales representatives
B) Data scientists and analysts
C) Customer service agents
D) Graphic designers
  • 63. Which legal basis under GDPR does not require user consent for processing personal data?
A) Both A and C
B) Contractual necessity
C) Legitimate interests
D) Explicit consent
  • 64. Which of the following is NOT a right granted by GDPR?
A) Right to access data
B) Right to object to automated decision-making
C) Right to data portability
D) Right to compensation without legal process
  • 65. Which of the following is considered personal data under GDPR?
A) An IP address
B) A list of movie genres
C) A company’s name
D) A user’s favorite color
  • 66. Which of these actions would likely violate ethical standards in data collection?
A) Selling user data without informing them
B) Encrypting personal information
C) Asking users for consent before collecting data
D) Encrypting personal information
  • 67. What’s the ethical dilemma in using publicly available data for AI training?
A) The data may have been posted without meaningful consent
B) AI systems require private data
C) Public data has copyright
D) The data is too expensive
  • 68. Which principle is NOT one of the core principles of GDPR?
A) Purpose limitation
B) Accountability
C) Data monetization
D) Data minimization
  • 69. Under GDPR, individuals have the right to:
A) Prevent companies from using encryption
B) Automatically block all marketing
C) Be forgotten (have their data erased)
D) Monitor company data servers
  • 70. A mobile app collects precise location data and uses it for targeted advertising. What ethical issue is MOST relevant here?
A) System optimization
B) Lack of data portability
C) Data redundancy
D) Inadequate transparency and consent
  • 71. Under GDPR, what is data minimization?
A) Deleting user accounts after inactivity
B) Collecting only data that is adequate, relevant, and limited to what's necessary
C) Removing duplicate user entries
D) Archiving old data in compressed formats
  • 72. Which of the following is an ethical approach to handling user data?
A) Collecting as much data as possible for future use
B) Selling anonymized data without informing users
C) Collecting only the data needed for a specific purpose
D) Making consent forms hard to read
  • 73. A company anonymizes user data and shares it. What’s a key GDPR risk they may still face?
A) Data anonymization is illegal
B) Anonymized data can't be stored long term
C) Anonymized data must be destroyed after 1 year
D) Poor anonymization may allow re-identification
  • 74. What is informed consent in data privacy?
A) A verbal agreement recorded during a phone call
B) Users knowingly agreeing to data use with clear information
C) Automatically opting in users to data collection
D) A vague statement hidden in the Terms & Conditions
  • 75. How soon must a data breach be reported under GDPR?
A) As soon as the company completes an internal investigation
B) 72 hours
C) Within 30 days
D) Only if over 1,000 users are affected
  • 76. What does GDPR stand for?
A) General Digital Protection Rules
B) Global Data Privacy Regulation
C) Government Data Privacy Regulation
D) General Data Protection Regulation
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