ThatQuiz Test Library Take this test now
CLJ5-CEVIDE
Contributed by: Three
  • 1. Which term refers to any matter of fact that a party offers to prove or disprove a claim in court?
A) Testimony
B) Fact
C) Evidence
D) Proof
  • 2. What is the degree of proof required in criminal cases, ensuring moral certainty of guilt?
A) Preponderance of Evidence
B) Substantial Evidence
C) Proof Beyond Reasonable Doubt
D) Circumstantial Evidence
  • 3. Which standard of proof is used in administrative cases and requires such relevant evidence as a reasonable mind might accept as adequate to support a conclusion?
A) Direct Evidence
B) Preponderance of Evidence
C) Substantial Evidence
D) Proof Beyond Reasonable Doubt
  • 4. In civil cases, which degree of proof requires that the evidence on one side is more convincing than that of the other?
A) Proof Beyond Reasonable Doubt
B) Preponderance of Evidence
C) Equipoise of Evidence
D) Substantial Evidence
  • 5. When the evidence of both parties is balanced, and the case must be resolved in favor of the defendant, it is called.
A) Equiponderance of Evidence
B) Substantial Evidence
C) Preponderance of Evidence
D) Proof Beyond Reasonable Doubt
  • 6. Which term means that the evidence presented by both sides is equal in weight and credibility?
A) Equipoise of Evidence
B) Preponderance of Evidence
C) Substantial Evidence
D) Proof Beyond Reasonable Doubt
  • 7. Which of the following is not a degree of proof recognized by the Rules of Court?
A) Proof Beyond Reasonable Doubt
B) Clear and Convincing Evidence
C) Equipoise of Evidence
D) Substantial Evidence
  • 8. What is the lowest degree of proof used in administrative proceedings?
A) Substantial Evidence
B) Equiponderance of Evidence
C) Proof Beyond Reasonable Doubt
D) Preponderance of Evidence
  • 9. When the evidence of guilt and innocence are equal, the accused must be acquitted because of.
A) Preponderance of Evidence
B) Equipoise of Evidence Rule
C) Best Evidence Rule
D) Substantial Evidence Doctrine
  • 10. Which term refers to the totality of evidence presented by a party to prove a fact in issue?
A) Documentary Evidence
B) Proof
C) Testimony
D) Object Evidence
  • 11. hen the scales of evidence are equally balanced, and the doubt favors the accused, this principle applies
A) Proof Beyond Reasonable Doubt
B) sumption of Innocence
C) Substantial Evidence
D) Preponderance of Evidence
  • 12. Which of the following requires the highest level of certainty before a conviction can be made?
A) Circumstantial Evidence
B) Preponderance of Evidence
C) Substantial Evidence
D) Proof Beyond Reasonable Doubt
  • 13. Which rule dictates that when evidence is equally balanced, the case should be decided against the party who has the burden of proof?
A) Res Gestae
B) Best Evidence Rule
C) Equiponderance Rule
D) Rule of Preponderance
  • 14. In the hierarchy of proof, which of the following requires the least amount of proof?
A) Clear and Convincing Evidence
B) Proof Beyond Reasonable Doubt
C) Substantial Evidence
D) Preponderance of Evidence
  • 15. When evidence is described as credible, relevant, and sufficient to establish a fact, it is called.
A) Admissible Evidence
B) Testimonial Evidence
C) Substantial Evidence
D) Cumulative Evidence
  • 16. A police officer testifies that he personally recovered a gun from the suspect’s waist during arrest. The gun is later presented in court. Which correctly describes the evidentiary classification involved?
A) The narration converts the gun into documentary evidence.
B) The officer’s narration is testimonial; the gun itself is object evidence.
C) The narration and the gun are both documentary evidence.
D) Both the narration and the gun are testimonial evidence.
  • 17. A private document offered in evidence to prove its contents must first be
A) Presented through secondary evidence.
B) Admitted automatically since it is self-authenticating.
C) Identified and compared by a handwriting expert alone.
D) Authenticated by any person familiar with the signature appearing thereon.
  • 18. A surveillance video showing the accused receiving marked money is presented in court. The USB drive where the video is stored is considered
A) A surveillance video showing the accused receiving marked money is presented in court. The USB drive where the video is stored is considered.
B) Circumstantial evidence because it implies guilt.
C) Testimonial evidence since it reflects human narration.
D) Demonstrative evidence since it illustrates an act.
  • 19. Which statement correctly distinguishes object evidence from documentary evidence under the Rules on Evidence?
A) Documentary evidence can be offered without a witness if material; object evidence cannot.
B) Object evidence must be identified by a witness who saw its connection to the crime; documentary evidence must be authenticated to prove its genuineness.
C) Object evidence proves contents; documentary evidence proves physical existence.
D) Both require authentication by handwriting experts.
  • 20. A certified true copy of a public record issued by a government officer is presented. What form and status of evidence does it have?
A) Public document, admissible without further proof of its due execution.
B) Secondary evidence subject to best evidence rule.
C) Private document requiring authentication.
D) Object evidence needing physical identification.
  • 21. If a fingerprint lifted from the crime scene is offered to prove identity, the evidence is classified as
A) Object (real) evidence, subject to proper identification and chain of custody.
B) Circumstantial evidence only.
C) Documentary evidence because it is recorded
D) Testimonial evidence.
  • 22. The affidavit of a witness, if not testified to in open court, is
A) Mere hearsay and inadmissible, unless the affiant is presented for cross-examination.
B) Real evidence under the rules.
C) Self-authenticating documentary evidence.
D) Testimonial evidence of high probative value.
  • 23. When the defense introduces a diagram prepared by an expert witness to explain ballistic trajectories, the diagram is
A) Circumstantial evidence, since it suggests but does not prove fact.
B) Object evidence, since it is a tangible exhibit used to clarify testimony.
C) Documentary evidence, since it has written markings.
D) Hearsay evidence, since it is not based on personal knowledge.
  • 24. Under the Best Evidence Rule, when the original document has been lost or destroyed without bad faith, the secondary evidence admissible may consist of—
A) Both A and B.
B) A photocopy or carbon copy, properly authenticated.
C) Neither, since the document is already lost.
D) Oral testimony as to its contents.
  • 25. A forensic chemist testifies that the sachet he examined contained methamphetamine hydrochloride. The sachet itself is offered in court. To be admissible, it must be shown that—
A) It was in the continuous custody of the police, establishing its chain of custody.
B) It was mentioned in the affidavit of arrest.
C) The chemist’s testimony alone suffices for admissibility.
D) It was photographed before trial.
  • 26. A CCTV footage showing the accused entering the store before the robbery is presented in court. What kind of evidence is this?
A) Testimonial evidence
B) Object evidence
C) Circumstantial evidence
D) Documentary evidence
  • 27. A witness testifies that he saw the accused stab the victim.
A) Direct evidence
B) Circumstantial evidence
C) Hearsay evidence
D) Documentary evidence
  • 28. A certified true copy of a birth certificate is presented to prove age.
A) Object evidence
B) Secondary evidence
C) Primary evidence
D) Documentary evidence
  • 29. A witness submits a sworn affidavit instead of personally testifying.
A) Hearsay evidence
B) Documentary evidence
C) Object evidence
D) Testimonial evidence
  • 30. A photograph of the crime scene showing the victim’s location is shown in court.
A) Circumstantial evidence
B) Demonstrative evidence
C) Documentary evidence
D) Object evidence
  • 31. A signed written contract is offered to prove the existence of an agreement.
A) Object evidence
B) Documentary evidence
C) Circumstantial evidence
D) Testimonial evidence
  • 32. A forensic expert states that the bullet found at the scene matches the accused’s firearm.
A) Documentary evidence
B) Circumstantial evidence
C) Object evidence
D) Direct evidence
  • 33. A pistol used in the commission of the crime is presented before the court.
A) Testimonial evidence
B) Object evidence
C) Documentary evidence
D) Demonstrative evidence
  • 34. A witness testifies that someone else told him the accused confessed.
A) Testimonial evidence
B) Hearsay evidence
C) Direct evidence
D) Documentary evidence
  • 35. An investigator presents a sketch of the accident scene to illustrate his testimony.
A) Demonstrative evidence
B) Circumstantial evidence
C) Object evidence
D) Documentary evidence
  • 36. A DNA analysis result matching the suspect’s blood sample is introduced.
A) Direct evidence
B) Object evidence
C) Circumstantial evidence
D) Documentary evidence
  • 37. The original land title is produced in court to prove ownership.
A) Primary evidence
B) Demonstrative evidence
C) Secondary evidence
D) Documentary evidence
  • 38. A video of the accused reenacting how the crime was done is shown in court.
A) Documentary evidence
B) Demonstrative evidence
C) Direct evidence
D) Object evidence
  • 39. A witness testified that he saw the accused running from the scene after a gunshot.
A) Hearsay evidence
B) Circumstantial evidence
C) Direct evidence
D) Documentary evidence
  • 40. A handwritten letter by the accused admitting guilt is offered as evidence.
A) Testimonial evidence
B) Documentary evidence
C) Circumstantial evidence
D) Object evidence
  • 41. Evidence is said to be admissible when it:
A) Is relevant and not excluded by the Rules of Court
B) Has a strong emotional impact on the jury
C) Is presented by the prosecution only
D) Supports the testimony of the witness
  • 42. The general rule on admissibility requires that evidence must be:
A) Original and signed
B) Supported by an affidavit
C) Competent and relevant
D) Certified by a notary public
  • 43. Which of the following best explains the purpose of the rule on admissibility of evidence?
A) To ensure that only reliable and lawful evidence is considered by the court
B) To limit the number of witnesses
C) To ensure speedy trial
D) To favor the prosecution
  • 44. What kind of evidence is inadmissible even if relevant?
A) Documentary evidence authenticated by a custodian
B) Testimony based on personal knowledge
C) Evidence obtained in violation of constitutional rights
D) Evidence properly identified in open court
  • 45. Which rule provides that evidence must be both relevant and competent?
A) Rule 130, Section 4
B) Rule 131, Section 1
C) Rule 129, Section 1
D) Rule 128, Section 3
  • 46. A police officer illegally searches a house without a warrant and finds drugs. The prosecution offers them as evidence. Applying the rule on admissibility, the court should:
A) Exclude it because it was obtained illegally
B) Admit it because it proves guilt
C) Exclude it only if the defense objects
D) Admit the evidence because it is material
  • 47. A witness testifies about a conversation he overheard between two accused persons. The testimony is objected to as hearsay. Applying the rules, the court should:
A) Admit it because it was said in public
B) Exclude it as it was not based on personal knowledge
C) Admit it because it came from the accused
D) Exclude it only if the defense requests
  • 48. During trial, a photocopy of a contract is presented without explaining the loss of the original. Applying the rules, the photocopy is:
A) Admissible as best evidence
B) Admissible only if notarized
C) Inadmissible for failure to comply with the best evidence rule
D) Admissible since it is a copy
  • 49. A confession made by an accused without the assistance of counsel is offered as evidence. Applying the constitutional rule, such confession is:
A) Admissible as an exception
B) Admissible if reduced to writing
C) Admissible if voluntarily made
D) Inadmissible for violation of the right to counsel
  • 50. The prosecution offers a video recording obtained from a CCTV camera. The defense objects on the ground that it was tampered with. Applying the rules, the court should:
A) Admit it without question
B) Admit it if it favors the prosecution
C) Admit it if authentication proves it is genuine
D) Exclude it automatically
  • 51. Evidence is both relevant and material, but it was obtained through entrapment involving police coercion. Analyze its admissibility.
A) Admissible because it proves guilt
B) Inadmissible only if not signed by witnesses
C) Admissible because entrapment is allowed
D) Inadmissible because the method violated due process
  • 52. A dying declaration is admitted despite being hearsay. Analyze why this is allowed
A) It is supported by physical evidence
B) The statement was recorded
C) The witness was credible
D) The declarant’s statement is presumed truthful due to impending death
  • 53. The prosecution presents circumstantial evidence linking the accused to the crime. Analyze the condition for its admissibility.
A) It must form an unbroken chain leading to a fair conclusion of guilt
B) It must be at least three circumstances only
C) It must be direct and absolute
D) It must be supported by hearsay statements
  • 54. The defense offers a confession that was obtained before counsel arrived but later confirmed by the accused in open court. Analyze if it is admissible.
A) Admissible because it was affirmed voluntarily
B) Inadmissible because the original confession was tainted
C) Inadmissible unless written
D) Admissible only with corroboration
  • 55. Two pieces of evidence are both admissible but contradict each other. Analyze how the court should treat them.
A) Give more weight to the more credible and consistent evidence
B) Exclude both pieces of evidence
C) Automatically favor the defense
D) Automatically favor the prosecution
  • 56. When a party offers documentary evidence in court, what must accompany the offer?
A) The document alone
B) The affidavit of the custodian
C) The oral testimony of the party
D) A statement identifying and describing the document’s purpose
  • 57. When must evidence be formally offered during trial?
A) When the evidence is identified by the witness
B) After all witnesses have testified
C) At the beginning of the case
D) During closing arguments
  • 58. Oral testimony must be offered:
A) After cross-examination
B) After closing arguments
C) At the time the witness is called to testify
D) Before documentary evidence
  • 59. Failure to make a timely objection to inadmissible evidence results in:
A) Suspension of proceedings
B) Waiver of objection
C) Reversal of judgment
D) Exclusion of evidence
  • 60. The main reason for formally offering evidence is to:
A) Expedite the trial process
B) Assist in witness examination
C) Allow the court to rule on admissibility
D) Guarantee appeal rights
  • 61. Documentary evidence that is not formally offered in court is:
A) Considered but not given weight
B) Disregarded by the court
C) Valid if attached to pleadings
D) Deemed admitted automatically
  • 62. A general objection is insufficient when:
A) The witness is incompetent
B) The evidence is irrelevant
C) The testimony is cumulative
D) The ground for objection is not apparent
  • 63. To preserve the right to object, counsel must object:
A) After the witness answers
B) In a written memorandum
C) During cross-examination
D) Before the answer is given
  • 64. During trial, a witness begins to narrate a story containing hearsay information. Counsel must immediately:
A) Object before the witness continues
B) Let the witness finish then object
C) File a written motion later
D) Move to strike out the testimony after it’s completed
  • 65. The prosecutor offers a photograph into evidence without explaining its purpose. Defense counsel objects. The court should:
A) Admit it since it’s already marked
B) Admit it provisionally
C) Deny it for lack of proper offer
D) Allow explanation later
  • 66. Defense counsel forgot to object to an irrelevant question, and the answer was recorded. Later, he argues the answer should be excluded. What is the effect?
A) The court may suspend proceedings
B) The judge must disregard it
C) The evidence becomes void
D) The objection is waived
  • 67. A lawyer objects to a document on the ground of irrelevance. What should the proponent do to sustain admission?
A) Show its connection to a material issue
B) Argue that all evidence is relevant
C) Refile it with an affidavit
D) Withdraw and substitute it
  • 68. During cross-examination, opposing counsel offers a letter not yet identified by any witness. The proper objection is:
A) Improper cross-examination
B) Irrelevance
C) Violation of best evidence rule
D) Lack of authentication
  • 69. A document was marked and discussed during trial but never formally offered. The judge considers it in deciding the case. On appeal, what is the ruling?
A) The document is admissible
B) The court may still affirm the decision
C) The ruling is discretionary
D) The document should be excluded
  • 70. Counsel objects to an exhibit as hearsay but fails to specify the reason. The court admits it. Later, counsel raises the issue on appeal. What is the consequence?
A) The appellate court must review the case
B) The evidence is void
C) The evidence loses probative value
D) The objection is deemed waived
  • 71. Which of the following best describes documentary evidence?
A) Any object presented for the inspection of the court
B) Testimony given by a witness under oath
C) Any written instrument offered as proof of facts in issue
D) Oral statements made outside the courtroom
  • 72. Before a documentary evidence is admitted, it must first be:
A) Identified and authenticated by a competent witness
B) Filed before the start of trial
C) Shown to the opposing counsel only
D) Certified by the judge
  • 73. The purpose of authentication of documentary evidence is to:
A) Confirm its availability for inspection
B) Ensure that it was properly notarized
C) Prove that it is the original document
D) Establish its genuineness and due execution
  • 74. A private document becomes admissible in evidence once it is:
A) Acknowledged by both parties
B) Certified by the clerk of court
C) Filed in the records of the court
D) Authenticated by someone who saw it executed or recognized the signature
  • 75. A public document is presumed to be genuine because it:
A) Is executed or issued by a public officer in performance of official duties
B) Has been signed before a notary public
C) Bears the seal of the Republic of the Philippines
D) Was written by a lawyer
  • 76. When the original document is unavailable, the rules allow:
A) Admission by stipulation only
B) Substitution by oral testimony
C) Presentation of secondary evidence upon proper explanation of loss
D) Use of a photocopy without justification
  • 77. The “best evidence rule” means that:
A) All documents must be notarized
B) Only public documents are acceptable
C) The most persuasive evidence should be used
D) The original document must be produced when the contents are in issue
  • 78. When the authenticity of a document is not disputed by the parties, the rule allows it to be:
A) Treated as secondary evidence
B) Excluded for lack of foundation
C) Dismissed as irrelevant
D) Admitted without further proof
  • 79. A lawyer offers in evidence a photocopy of a contract, claiming the original was destroyed in a fire. What must the lawyer first do?
A) Present the photocopy immediately
B) Submit an affidavit of loss only
C) Request the court to assume the original was lost
D) Prove the existence and loss of the original before introducing the copy
  • 80. A notarial document executed by a public officer is offered in court. What is the correct procedure for presenting it?
A) It must be accompanied by oral testimony
B) It must be verified by both parties
C) It may be presented directly without further authentication
D) It requires comparison of handwriting
  • 81. During trial, a witness identifies a private letter signed by the accused. Which rule is applied to admit this letter as evidence?
A) Authentication of private document
B) Parol evidence rule
C) Best evidence rule
D) Hearsay rule
  • 82. If the opposing counsel admits the genuineness of a document during pre-trial, what is its effect?
A) The document must still be notarized
B) The document becomes automatically admissible without authentication
C) The document still needs formal offer
D) The court disregards the admission
  • 83. A party wants to prove the contents of an old public record kept in the government archive. Which is the proper evidence to present?
A) A handwritten copy by the lawyer
B) A copy certified by the legal custodian of the record
C) Oral testimony of a government employee
D) A news article quoting the document
  • 84. A duplicate original of a notarized contract is presented. The opposing party objects, claiming it is not the “best evidence.” What is the ruling?
A) The objection is valid; only one original is allowed
B) The court must issue an order to produce the first copy
C) The duplicate must first be notarized again
D) The duplicate original is admissible as it has equal legal force
  • 85. A party offers a private document in evidence without identifying the signatures. What should the judge do under the rules?
A) Allow it if the other party remains silent
B) Reject it for lack of authentication
C) Admit the document because it is relevant
D) Require only a photocopy
  • 86. What does sufficiency of evidence primarily refer to in legal proceedings?
A) The materiality of the documents submitted
B) The quantity of witnesses presented
C) The credibility of the witness alone
D) The adequacy of evidence to sustain a verdict
  • 87. Evidence is said to be sufficient when:
A) It convinces the court beyond reasonable doubt or meets the required standard of proof
B) It creates mere suspicion of guilt
C) It is admissible but not credible
D) It is circumstantial and weak
  • 88. Which of the following best explains “insufficient evidence”?
A) The evidence fails to meet the degree of proof required by law
B) The evidence is abundant but immaterial
C) The evidence cannot be admitted in court
D) The evidence is irrelevant but credible
  • 89. In a criminal case, the sufficiency of evidence is determined by whether it can:
A) Prove guilt beyond reasonable doubt
B) Produce a presumption of guilt
C) Establish probable cause
D) Support a civil action
  • 90. In a civil case, sufficiency of evidence is measured by:
A) Proof beyond reasonable doubt
B) Substantial evidence
C) Preponderance of evidence
D) Moral certainty
  • 91. The sufficiency of evidence is concerned mainly with:
A) The admissibility of the evidence
B) The numerical count of the witnesses
C) The source of the evidence
D) The weight and convincing character of the proof presented
  • 92. The admissibility of the evidence
A) When the evidence fails to establish a prima facie case
B) When both parties submit identical evidence
C) When the case is appealed
D) When evidence presented is too technical
  • 93. “Sufficient evidence” means:
A) The evidence that may exist but does not relate to the issue
B) The minimum proof required to justify a finding in favor of a party
C) The evidence that is always direct in nature
D) The evidence that may exist but does not relate to the issue
  • 94. The concept of sufficiency of evidence ensures that:
A) The number of witnesses determines the outcome
B) The judge is free to decide without reference to the evidence
C) The judgment is based on the totality of relevant and credible proofs
D) The number of witnesses determines the outcome
  • 95. The test of sufficiency of evidence is:
A) Whether a reasonable mind might accept it as adequate to support a conclusion
B) Whether all evidence is documentary in nature
C) Whether the evidence comes from the prosecution only
D) Whether the judge believes the accused
  • 96. The sufficiency of evidence relates to the:
A) Cost of the proceedings
B) Quality rather than quantity of evidence
C) Type of document presented
D) Number of witnesses produced
  • 97. In administrative cases, evidence is sufficient if it meets the standard of:
A) Clear and convincing evidence
B) Preponderance of evidence
C) Substantial evidence
D) Beyond reasonable doubt
  • 98. Which statement best distinguishes sufficiency from admissibility?
A) Sufficiency deals with the competence of evidence
B) Admissibility refers to whether evidence may be received; sufficiency concerns whether it can prove the fact
C) Both terms mean the same
D) Admissibility concerns the weight of evidence
  • 99. Which of the following scenarios demonstrates sufficient evidence?
A) Evidence that fully establishes a fact as required by law
B) Evidence that is conflicting and unreliable
C) Evidence that is immaterial but numerous
D) Evidence that slightly suggests the fact in issue
  • 100. The judge determines the sufficiency of evidence by evaluating:
A) The objections of the opposing counsel
B) The totality and probative force of all admitted proofs
C) The demeanor of the lawyer
D) The time consumed in trial
Created with That Quiz — the math test generation site with resources for other subject areas.