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Michel de Montaigne - Quiz
Contributed by: Perkins
  • 1. In what year did Montaigne die?
A) 1597
B) 1592
C) 1570
D) 1580
  • 2. What was Montaigne's age when he died?
A) 50
B) 59
C) 72
D) 65
  • 3. Where did Montaigne die?
A) Convent des Feuillants
B) Bordeaux
C) Château de Montaigne
D) Saint Antoine
  • 4. What disease caused Montaigne's death?
A) A fever
B) A stroke
C) Pneumonia
D) A peritonsillar abscess
  • 5. What specific physical effect did Montaigne's fatal illness have?
A) Deafness
B) Loss of hearing
C) Paralysis of the tongue
D) Blindness
  • 6. Which sense or faculty did Montaigne value more than his sight?
A) Hearing and voice
B) Touch and movement
C) Memory and reason
D) Taste and smell
  • 7. During the celebration of what event did Montaigne die?
A) A Mass
B) A baptism
C) A funeral
D) A wedding
  • 8. Where were Montaigne's remains moved after being buried near his château?
A) The Château de Montaigne
B) The Convent des Feuillants directly
C) Paris
D) The church of Saint Antoine at Bordeaux
  • 9. In what year were the Essais published?
A) 1570
B) 1592
C) 1597
D) 1580
  • 10. What type of work are the Essais?
A) A large collection of short, subjective essays
B) A collection of poetry
C) A political biography
D) A textbook on mathematics
  • 11. Which classical authors especially inspired Montaigne's Essais?
A) Homer and Virgil
B) Plutarch and Lucretius
C) Seneca and Cicero
D) Plato and Aristotle
  • 12. What was Montaigne's stated goal in writing the Essais?
A) To prove the absolute certainty of human knowledge
B) To describe humans, and especially himself, with complete frankness
C) To create laws for the French government
D) To teach children how to read the classics
  • 13. According to Montaigne, what is the most basic feature of human nature?
A) Its unchanging desire for fame
B) Its constant search for absolute truth
C) Its great variety and volatility
D) Its emotional stability
  • 14. Which of the following is a personal trait Montaigne explicitly describes about himself?
A) His love for passionate romance
B) His excellent mathematical skills
C) His poor memory
D) His deep emotional involvement in conflicts
  • 15. How did Montaigne view the human pursuit of enduring fame?
A) With great admiration
B) As a requirement for happiness
C) As the ultimate goal in life
D) With disdain
  • 16. What was Montaigne's attitude toward the religious conflicts of his time?
A) Enthusiastic support
B) Disgust
C) Active participation
D) Indifference
  • 17. What did Montaigne believe about human ability to attain true certainty?
A) It is found only in the classics
B) Humans can attain it through intense study
C) Humans are unable to attain true certainty
D) Tutors can easily teach it to children
  • 18. What is the title of the longest essay in Montaigne's collection?
A) On the Education of Children
B) On Pedantry
C) Apology for Raymond Sebond
D) On Experience
  • 19. Which philosophical school is marked by Montaigne's adoption in his longest essay?
A) Epicureanism
B) Platonism
C) Stoicism
D) Pyrrhonism
  • 20. What is the famous motto contained in Montaigne's Apology for Raymond Sebond?
A) To be or not to be
B) I think, therefore I am
C) Know thyself
D) What do I know?
  • 21. Why did Montaigne consider marriage necessary?
A) For attaining absolute certainty
B) For gaining political power
C) For raising children
D) For achieving enduring fame
  • 22. How did Montaigne feel about feelings of passionate love?
A) He encouraged them in child education
B) He disliked them because he saw them as detrimental to freedom
C) He considered them necessary for a successful life
D) He praised them as the highest form of human experience
  • 23. In education, what did Montaigne favor over abstract knowledge?
A) Concrete examples and experience
B) Book learning and rote memorization
C) Uncritical obedience
D) Accepting classical texts as absolute truth
  • 24. To whom is Montaigne's essay "On the Education of Children" dedicated?
A) Lucretius
B) Raymond Sebond
C) Plutarch
D) Diana of Foix
  • 25. Which author published essays a decade later that are assumed to reflect direct influence by Montaigne?
A) William Shakespeare
B) Plato
C) Seneca
D) Francis Bacon
  • 26. In what year were Francis Bacon's Essays first published?
A) 1580
B) 1592
C) 1570
D) 1597
  • 27. Although not a scientist, what kind of observations did Montaigne make?
A) Observations on planetary motion
B) Observations on chemical reactions
C) Observations on human anatomy
D) Observations on topics in psychology
  • 28. Which of the following psychological subjects was covered by Montaigne's ideas?
A) Economic markets and trade
B) Agricultural techniques
C) Quantum mechanics and gravity
D) Thought, motivation, fear, and happiness
  • 29. Which essays specifically explain Montaigne's views on child education?
A) "On Marriage" and "On Freedom"
B) "Apology for Raymond Sebond" and "Essays"
C) "On Fame" and "On Certainty"
D) "On the Education of Children", "On Pedantry", and "On Experience"
  • 30. What was a major fault Montaigne found with the education of his time?
A) It encouraged children to question absolute truths
B) It emphasized travel and practical experience too much
C) It focused on reading classics and learning only through books
D) It allowed students to speak first during tutoring
  • 31. How did education in Montaigne's time present information to students?
A) As absolute truth without opportunity to question
B) As flexible opinions to be doubted
C) As a subject for debate and discussion
D) Through personal travel and practice
  • 32. What did Montaigne believe effective learning required a student to do with new information?
A) Take it and make it their own
B) Accept it on the mere authority of the tutor
C) Memorize it word for word from a book
D) Follow Aristotle's principles blindly
  • 33. According to Montaigne, what kind of people are certain and assured?
A) Only the classical authors
B) Only the fools
C) Only the successful tutors
D) Only the active learners
  • 34. Whose quote does Montaigne include stating "For doubting pleases me no less than knowing"?
A) Dante
B) Plato
C) Seneca
D) Aristotle
  • 35. Whose quote does Montaigne include stating "We are not under a king; let each one claim his own freedom"?
A) Plato
B) Seneca
C) Lucretius
D) Dante
  • 36. What analogy does Montaigne use to describe how students should process ideas like bees?
A) Collecting stones to build an unmovable wall
B) Weaving a net to catch floating thoughts
C) Plundering flowers to make honey that is purely their own
D) Planting seeds to grow identical trees
  • 37. What was fundamentally important for a student becoming well educated, according to Montaigne?
A) The selection of a good tutor
B) Having a large library of books
C) Memorizing Aristotle's principles
D) Attending a formal convent school
  • 38. At what pace should education by a tutor be conducted?
A) At the student's pace
B) According to a strict book schedule
C) Quickly to ensure maximum memorization
D) As fast as possible through rote learning
  • 39. How should a tutor conduct a dialogue with a student, according to Montaigne?
A) Lecturing without interruption
B) Reading exclusively from the classics
C) Allowing the student to speak first
D) Demanding uncritical obedience
  • 40. What was the purpose of dialogue between a tutor and a student?
A) To create an environment in which students would teach themselves
B) To force students to memorize the tutor's opinions
C) To establish the absolute truth of Aristotle
D) To test the student's ability to repeat book knowledge
  • 41. What did Montaigne consider an act of judgment and sincerity in an argument?
A) To defend a bad position at the height of ardor
B) To confess a flaw discovered in one's own argument
C) To accept information on mere authority
D) To blindly follow the opinions of Plato
  • 42. Which qualities did Montaigne describe as rare, strong, and philosophical?
A) To change one's mind, correct oneself, and give up a bad position
B) To follow another person's precepts blindly
C) To memorize books without questioning
D) To maintain certainty and refuse to doubt
  • 43. What is integral to Montaigne's theory of child education regarding perspectives?
A) Standardized testing of rote memorization
B) Individualised learning where a student forms a unique perspective
C) Universal acceptance of classical doctrines
D) Strict adherence to the tutor's exact viewpoint
  • 44. What role should a child's curiosity play in education according to Montaigne?
A) It should be suppressed in favor of book learning
B) It is a distraction from rote memorization
C) It can serve as an important teaching tool when exploring subjects of genuine interest
D) It must be controlled by strict authority
  • 45. What did Montaigne argue was a key element of learning superior to book learning?
A) Experience
B) Passive obedience
C) Memorization
D) Absolute certainty
  • 46. What would students become if they learned only through rote memorization and books, according to Montaigne?
A) Successful individuals who lead interactive lives
B) Passive adults, uncritically obedient and unable to think independently
C) Philosophers with rare and strong qualities
D) Active learners capable of independent thought
  • 47. Through what practical means did Montaigne encourage tutors to educate their students?
A) Practice, travel, and human interaction
B) Attending lectures at the Convent des Feuillants
C) Studying the works of Raymond Sebond
D) Reading classics and memorizing precepts
  • 48. What was the ultimate purpose of education according to Montaigne?
A) To help a student achieve enduring fame and worldly success
B) To teach a student how to lead a successful life by practising an active and socially interactive lifestyle
C) To train a student in the traditions of Pyrrhonism
D) To ensure a student can recite Aristotle without error
  • 49. In what year did Montaigne marry Françoise de la Cassaigne?
A) 1558
B) 1580
C) 1565
D) 1570
  • 50. What type of marriage was Montaigne's union to Françoise likely to be?
A) A secret marriage
B) A courtly match
C) Arranged
D) A childhood romance
  • 51. How many daughters did Montaigne and his wife have in total?
A) Four
B) Six
C) Two
D) Eight
  • 52. What was the name of Montaigne's only daughter who survived infancy?
A) Françoise
B) Jeanne
C) Léonor
D) Marie
  • 53. Which birth order was Léonor among Montaigne's children?
A) First-born
B) The youngest
C) Second-born
D) Third-born
  • 54. What is the title of the book by Raymond Sebond that Montaigne translated?
A) Index Librorum Prohibitorum
B) Theologia naturalis
C) Essais
D) Prologue
  • 55. In what year was Montaigne's translation of Sebond's book published?
A) 1565
B) 1568
C) 1580
D) 1571
  • 56. When did Montaigne move back to the family estate, the Château de Montaigne?
A) 1571
B) 1570
C) 1565
D) 1580
  • 57. By what year had Montaigne completely retired from public life to his tower?
A) 1595
B) 1580
C) 1571
D) 1568
  • 58. Approximately how many volumes did Montaigne's library contain?
A) 1,500 volumes
B) 10,000 volumes
C) 500 volumes
D) 5,000 volumes
  • 59. Which literary genre is Montaigne known for popularising?
A) The tragedy
B) The essay
C) The novel
D) The epic poem
  • 60. What is the title of Montaigne's most famous work containing influential essays?
A) Essais
B) Que sais-je?
C) Marrano
D) Château de Montaigne
  • 61. What is Montaigne's most famous sceptical remark in Middle French?
A) "Liberty and delight"
B) "I am myself the matter of my book"
C) "Que sçay-je?"
D) "Que sais-je?"
  • 62. In which French region was Montaigne born?
A) Zaragoza
B) Guyenne (Aquitaine)
C) Gascony
D) Paris
  • 63. In what year did Ramon Felipe Eyquem buy the Montaigne estate?
A) 1592
B) 1477
C) 1539
D) 1533
  • 64. Where was Montaigne's maternal grandfather originally from?
A) Gascony
B) Zaragoza
C) Italy
D) Bordeaux
  • 65. What was the name of Montaigne's maternal grandmother?
A) George Buchanan
B) Antoinette López de Villanueva
C) Horstanus
D) Honorette Dupuy
  • 66. How many times is Montaigne's mother mentioned in his essays?
A) Once
B) Numerous times
C) Twice
D) Zero times
  • 67. What was designated to become Montaigne's first language?
A) French
B) Greek
C) German
D) Latin
  • 68. What was the profession of Montaigne's intellectual tutor, Horstanus?
A) Mayor
B) Doctor
C) Merchant
D) Soldier
  • 69. Around what year was Montaigne sent to study at the College of Guienne?
A) 1557
B) 1546
C) 1539
D) 1477
  • 70. Who was the director of the College of Guienne when Montaigne studied there?
A) Horstanus
B) Pedro López
C) Pierre Eyquem
D) George Buchanan
  • 71. By what age did Montaigne master the entire curriculum at the College of Guienne?
A) Thirteen
B) Sixteen
C) Ten
D) Twenty
  • 72. In what year did Montaigne finish the first phase of his studies at the College of Guienne?
A) 1546
B) 1539
C) 1557
D) 1592
  • 73. What did Montaigne study after finishing his studies at the College of Guienne?
A) Theology
B) Medicine
C) Law
D) Music
  • 74. Which court was Montaigne a councillor of in Périgueux?
A) Order of Saint Michael
B) Court of Charles IX
C) Court des Aides
D) Parlement of Bordeaux
  • 75. How much older than Montaigne was Étienne de La Boétie?
A) Two years
B) Five years
C) Three years
D) Four years
  • 76. In which edition did the famous phrase 'because it was he, because it was I' officially appear posthumously?
A) First edition of the Essays
B) 1595 'Bordeaux Copy'
C) 1571 postface edition
D) 1588 personal edition
  • 77. How often did Montaigne believe a friendship like his and La Boétie's occurs?
A) Once every decade
B) Once every generation
C) Once in a lifetime
D) Once every three centuries
  • 78. When did Étienne de La Boétie die?
A) 1563
B) 1557
C) 1595
D) 1588
  • 79. What was the likely cause of La Boétie's death?
A) Poisoning during political unrest
B) Plague or tuberculosis
C) Battle wounds from the siege of Rouen
D) Old age
  • 80. Who suggested that Montaigne's need to communicate after losing La Boétie led him to begin the Essais?
A) Charles IX
B) Étienne de La Boétie
C) Donald M. Frame
D) The Court des Aides
  • 81. In the context of the Essays, who takes the place of the dead friend according to Donald M. Frame?
A) The King of Navarre
B) King Charles IX
C) The reader
D) Montaigne's father
  • 82. What religious denomination did Montaigne belong to?
A) Roman Catholic
B) Lutheran
C) Calvinist
D) Protestant
  • 83. In what year did Montaigne begin to suffer from painful kidney stones?
A) 1588
B) 1581
C) 1580
D) 1578
  • 84. Which Italian commune did Montaigne establish himself at to visit the springs?
A) Loreto
B) Vatican
C) Bordeaux
D) Bagni di Lucca
  • 85. In what year was Montaigne's travel journal published?
A) 1774
B) 1689
C) 1581
D) 1588
  • 86. Who examined the Essais at the Vatican?
A) Sisto Fabri
B) Pope Gregory XIII
C) Marie de Gournay
D) King Henry III
  • 87. On what date was the text of the Essais returned to Montaigne at the Vatican?
A) 20 March 1578
B) 15 July 1583
C) 20 March 1581
D) 10 October 1588
  • 88. Which pagan concept did Montaigne apologize for referencing in the Essais?
A) Fortuna
B) The Madonna
C) The Reformation
D) The Holy House
  • 89. Which historical figure did Montaigne write favorably about, causing concern at the Vatican?
A) Henry of Navarre
B) Pope Gregory XIII
C) Julian the Apostate
D) King Henry III
  • 90. While in what city in 1581 did Montaigne learn he had been elected mayor?
A) Lucca
B) Loreto
C) Paris
D) Bordeaux
  • 91. In what year was Montaigne re-elected as mayor of Bordeaux?
A) 1581
B) 1588
C) 1585
D) 1583
  • 92. Until what year did Montaigne serve during his second term as mayor of Bordeaux?
A) 1586
B) 1583
C) 1589
D) 1585
  • 93. In what year did Montaigne write the third book of the Essais?
A) 1581
B) 1774
C) 1588
D) 1585
  • 94. In what year was King Henry III assassinated?
A) 1585
B) 1589
C) 1581
D) 1588
  • 95. What establishment movement was Montaigne associated with that prioritized peace and national unity?
A) The Reformation
B) The politiques
C) The Holy League
D) The Vatican
  • 96. Which thinker worked about fifty years before Montaigne and is noted as exploring similar ideas?
A) William Shakespeare
B) Ralph Waldo Emerson
C) Erasmus
D) Blaise Pascal
  • 97. Who first proposed the idea that Montaigne influenced William Shakespeare in 1780?
A) Edward Capell
B) Ralph Waldo Emerson
C) William Hazlitt
D) John Florio
  • 98. Who translated Montaigne's Essais into English, published in 1603?
A) William Shakespeare
B) John Florio
C) Erich Auerbach
D) Edward Capell
  • 99. Which Shakespearean play has a scene that follows the wording of Florio's translation of 'Of Cannibals' very closely?
A) Macbeth
B) King Lear
C) The Tempest
D) Hamlet
  • 100. Similarities between Montaigne and Shakespeare might be due to shared study of Latin moral and philosophical writers, such as Seneca the Younger, Horace, Ovid, and whom else?
A) Aristotle
B) Virgil
C) Plutarch
D) Erasmus
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