- 1. Who developed the Closed-Loop Theory?
A) Gentile
B) Adams
C) Fitts
D) Schmidt
- 2. What is the primary focus of Closed-Loop Theory?
A) Speed and agility training
B) Genetic predisposition to skills
C) Motor learning through feedback
D) Stages of physical growth
- 3. Which type of movements is the theory primarily based on?
A) Reflexive movements
B) Slow, controlled movements
C) Fast and ballistic movements
D) Explosive power movements
- 4. In the Closed-Loop process, what does the body compare against the desired movement?
A) Previous movements
B) Muscle strength
C) Future goals
D) Current movement
- 5. What term refers to the memory reference of the correct movement stored in the brain?
A) Perceptual trace
B) Schema
C) Motor program
D) Feedback loop
- 6. How is the perceptual trace primarily built?
A) Through reading instructions
B) Through observation only
C) Through repeated practice and experiences
D) Through genetic inheritance
- 7. What does KR stand for in motor learning?
A) Knowledge of Reaction
B) Kinesthetic Response
C) Knowledge of Results
D) Kinetic Reflex
- 8. According to the theory, how do learners act during the learning process?
A) Solely dependent on the instructor
B) Active participants who analyze and strategize
C) Passive recipients of information
D) Unaware of their performance
- 9. In the early stages of learning, what do learners rely heavily on?
A) Instinct
B) External feedback / KR
C) Muscle memory
D) Internal senses only
- 10. As practice increases and learning improves, what happens to the distribution of performance?
A) It becomes more focused and peaks at the correct movement
B) It becomes random
C) It becomes more scattered
D) It remains exactly the same
- 11. Closed-Loop Theory was developed in the year 1971.
A) TRUE
B) FALSE
- 12. The theory suggests that principles of learning apply differently depending on the type of movement.
A) TRUE
B) FALSE
- 13. Errors are only detected after the movement is fully completed, not during the action.
A) FALSE
B) TRUE
- 14. Feedback plays a critical role as it leaves a "trace" in the nervous system.
A) FALSE
B) TRUE
- 15. Knowledge of Results (KR) tells the learner exactly which muscles to contract.
A) FALSE
B) TRUE
- 16. Learners form strategies or hypotheses as they analyze their performance feedback.
A) TRUE
B) FALSE
- 17. According to the theory, learning happens directly just by receiving Knowledge of Results (KR).
A) FALSE
B) TRUE
- 18. Each trial or repetition strengthens the perceptual trace.
A) FALSE
B) TRUE
- 19. As skill improves, performance becomes more consistent and errors decrease.
A) TRUE
B) FALSE
- 20. The theory states that learning leads to precision and stability in movement.
A) FALSE
B) TRUE
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