- 1. Romania is a captivating country located in Eastern Europe, known for its rich history, vibrant culture, and stunning landscapes. Nestled between the Carpathian Mountains and the Black Sea, Romania boasts a diverse geography that includes majestic mountains, lush forests, and picturesque plains. The country's capital, Bucharest, often referred to as 'Little Paris,' is marked by its striking architecture, a blend of historical and modern styles, and energetic nightlife. Romania is renowned for its medieval castles, with Bran Castle, famously linked to the Dracula legend, attracting tourists from around the globe. The country's cultural heritage reflects a tapestry of influences, from the Dacians and Romans to Ottoman and Austro-Hungarian legacies. Traditional Romanian music and dance, characterized by lively rhythms and folkloric costumes, play a significant role in community celebrations. Additionally, Romania's natural beauty is exemplified in its national parks and the stunning Danube Delta, a UNESCO World Heritage site, known for its biodiversity and scenic waterways. With its unique blend of natural wonders, historical sites, and warm hospitality, Romania offers an enriching experience for travelers seeking adventure and a dive into a land steeped in myths and traditions.
Which is the capital city of Romania?
A) Constanța
B) Iași
C) Bucharest
D) Cluj-Napoca
- 2. What is the official language of Romania?
A) Russian
B) English
C) Hungarian
D) Romanian
- 3. Which mountain range runs through Romania?
A) Carpathian Mountains
B) Alps
C) Himalayas
D) Rocky Mountains
- 4. What is the currency of Romania?
A) Dollar
B) Leu
C) Pound
D) Euro
- 5. Which famous castle is situated in Romania and is often associated with Dracula?
A) Peles Castle
B) Bran Castle
C) Corvin Castle
D) Poenari Castle
- 6. In which year did Romania join the European Union?
A) 2015
B) 1999
C) 2010
D) 2007
- 7. Which region in Romania is known for its painted monasteries?
A) Maramureș
B) Transylvania
C) Dobruja
D) Bucovina
- 8. Which famous Romanian sculptor created the Endless Column sculpture?
A) Dimitrie Paciurea
B) Constantin Brâncuși
C) Mihai Eminescu
D) Ion Jalea
- 9. What is the Danube Delta in Romania known for?
A) Ancient ruins
B) Diverse cuisine
C) Famous festivals
D) Rich biodiversity
- 10. Which sea borders Romania to the east?
A) Caspian Sea
B) Adriatic Sea
C) Black Sea
D) Mediterranean Sea
- 11. What is the name of the famous road that crosses the Făgăraș Mountains in Romania?
A) Transrarau
B) Transalpina
C) Transbucegi
D) Transfăgărășan
- 12. Which Romanian poet is considered the national poet of Romania?
A) Tudor Arghezi
B) George Coșbuc
C) Lucian Blaga
D) Mihai Eminescu
- 13. What is the name of the underground salt mine near Turda, Romania that is now a popular tourist attraction?
A) Salina Turda
B) Salina Praid
C) Salina Ocnele Mari
D) Salina Slănic
- 14. Which region in Romania is known for its fortified churches, some of which are UNESCO World Heritage Sites?
A) Muntenia
B) Transylvania
C) Moldova
D) Oltenia
- 15. Who is the most famous Romanian tennis player known for winning several Grand Slam titles?
A) Horia Tecău
B) Ilie Năstase
C) Simona Halep
D) Ion Țiriac
- 16. Which famous Romanian composer is known for his work 'Romanian Rhapsodies'?
A) Dinu Lipatti
B) Marius Popp
C) George Enescu
D) Ciprian Porumbescu
- 17. Which famous Romanian filmmaker won the Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival?
A) Cristi Puiu
B) Cristian Mungiu
C) Radu Jude
D) Cristian Nemescu
- 18. What is the longest river that flows through Romania?
A) Danube
B) Olt
C) Siret
D) Mures
- 19. What is the name of the famous palace located in Bucharest that serves as the parliamentary building of Romania?
A) Bran Castle
B) Palace of Parliament
C) Peles Castle
D) Cantacuzino Castle
- 20. Which of the following dishes is a traditional Romanian food made of finely chopped cabbage mixed with meat and rice?
A) Moussaka
B) Lasagna
C) Sushi
D) Sarmale
- 21. What is the name of the painted monastery in northern Romania known for its vibrant frescoes and unique architectural style?
A) Horezu Monastery
B) Humor Monastery
C) Sinaia Monastery
D) Voroneț Monastery
- 22. Which famous Romanian-born gymnast won multiple Olympic gold medals and became a global sports icon?
A) Nadia Comăneci
B) Olga Korbut
C) Simone Biles
D) Gabby Douglas
- 23. What is the name of the traditional Romanian dance performed in a circle with complex footwork and hand gestures?
A) Tap
B) Ballet
C) Salsa
D) Hora
- 24. Which region in Romania is famous for its wooden churches, some of which are UNESCO World Heritage Sites?
A) Banat
B) Oltenia
C) Dobruja
D) Maramureș
- 25. Which country borders Romania to the north and east?
A) Hungary
B) Bulgaria
C) Serbia
D) Ukraine
- 26. When was the modern Romanian state formed?
A) 1877
B) 1881
C) 1859
D) 1918
- 27. Which war led to Romania gaining independence from the Ottoman Empire?
A) Russo-Turkish War (1877-78)
B) Balkan Wars
C) Crimean War
D) World War I
- 28. What was Romania's status after World War II before joining the Warsaw Pact?
A) Kingdom under Carol II
B) Socialist republic under Soviet influence
C) Part of Yugoslavia
D) Independent democratic state
- 29. Which culture is known for flourishing in Muntenia, southeastern Transylvania and northeastern Moldavia?
A) Hallstatt culture
B) Cucuteni–Trypillia culture
C) Linear Pottery culture
D) La Tène culture
- 30. What is the primary language origin of the name 'Romania'?
A) Slavic ruman
B) Greek rhomanos
C) Hungarian romania
D) Latin romanus, meaning 'Roman'
- 31. Which international organization is Romania NOT a member of?
A) UNESCO
B) European Union
C) BSEC
D) NATO
- 32. What year did Romania regain Northern Transylvania through the Paris Peace Treaties?
A) 1947
B) 1955
C) 1938
D) 1919
- 33. Which of these is NOT a major city in Romania?
A) Oradea
B) Sofia
C) Brașov
D) Cluj-Napoca
- 34. What was the largest territorial extent of Romania known as?
A) Greater Romania
B) Old Kingdom
C) Roman Dacia
D) Kingdom of Romania
- 35. Who were the native peoples listed by Herodotus along the Lower Danube region?
A) The Goths
B) The Huns
C) The Getae
D) The Celts
- 36. Which Dacian ruler first united local tribes and conquered Greek colonies in Dobruja?
A) Decebalus
B) Trajan
C) Burebista
D) Aurelian
- 37. What happened to Burebista's kingdom after his murder in 44 BC?
A) It remained stable
B) It collapsed
C) It expanded further
D) It was taken over by the Romans
- 38. When did the Romans conquer Dobruja?
A) In 85 AD
B) In 46 AD
C) In 106 AD
D) In 44 BC
- 39. Who united Dacia again around 85 AD?
A) Decebalus
B) Trajan
C) Aurelian
D) Burebista
- 40. Which Roman emperor defeated Decebalus' troops in 106 AD?
A) Emperor Constantine
B) Emperor Nero
C) Emperor Augustus
D) Emperor Trajan
- 41. What was the new province called after Dacia was conquered by the Romans?
A) Roman Dacia
B) Gothia
C) Scythia Minor
D) Dacia Trajana
- 42. Which tribes continued to dominate lands along Roman frontiers after the establishment of Roman Dacia?
A) Roman and Celtic tribes
B) Dacian, Germanic and Sarmatian tribes
C) Egyptian and Carthaginian tribes
D) Greek and Persian tribes
- 43. What theory suggests the cohabitation of native Dacians and Roman colonists was the first phase of Romanian ethnogenesis?
A) Daco-Roman continuity theory
B) Celtic origin theory
C) Roman conquest theory
D) Migrationist theory
- 44. Which tribes made regular raids against Dacia from the 210s?
A) The Vandals and Saxons
B) The Franks and Lombards
C) The Celts and Huns
D) The Carpians and Goths
- 45. Who ordered the evacuation of the province Dacia Trajana in the 270s?
A) Emperor Augustus
B) Emperor Aurelian
C) Emperor Constantine
D) Emperor Nero
- 46. Until when did Dobruja remain an integral part of the Roman Empire?
A) The mid-4th century
B) The late 5th century
C) The early 3rd century
D) The early 7th century
- 47. Which empire collapsed in 454, leading to the Gepids taking possession of former Dacia?
A) The Avar Khaganate
B) The First Bulgarian Empire
C) The Hunnic Empire
D) The Roman Empire
- 48. Who established a powerful empire around 570 by defeating the Gepids?
A) The Huns
B) The Magyars
C) The Bulgars
D) The Avars
- 49. Which language was declared the language of liturgy in Bulgaria in 893?
A) Hungarian
B) Latin
C) Old Church Slavonic
D) Greek
- 50. Who took control of the steppes north of the Lower Danube in the 830s?
A) The Magyars
B) The Avars
C) The Pechenegs
D) The Bulgarians
- 51. Which group became the dominant power of the steppes in the 1060s?
A) The Cumans
B) The Pechenegs
C) The Magyars
D) The Bulgarians
- 52. Which community settled in central Transylvania around 1100?
A) The Pechenegs
B) The Székelys
C) The Saxons
D) The Bulgarians
- 53. Which principality achieved full autonomy during the reign of Bogdan I around 1360?
A) Transylvania
B) Dobruja
C) Moldavia
D) Wallachia
- 54. Who organized the defense of Hungary against the Ottomans from 1440 until his death in 1456?
A) Béla IV of Hungary
B) John Hunyadi
C) Stephen III of Moldavia
D) Mircea I of Wallachia
- 55. Which empire took possession of Dobruja after 1388?
A) The Hungarian Kingdom
B) The Byzantine Empire
C) The Ottoman Empire
D) The Avar Khaganate
- 56. In which year did Gabriel Báthory free the Romanian Orthodox clergy from taxation and service demands?
A) 1699
B) June 1609
C) May 1600
D) September 1594
- 57. Which prince united Transylvania, Wallachia, and Moldavia under his rule in May 1600?
A) Matei Basarab
B) Gabriel Bethlen
C) Michael the Brave
D) Vasile Lupu
- 58. What was the religious policy sanctioned by the Edict of Torda in 1568?
A) Forced all regions to adopt Catholicism
B) Mandated Orthodox Christianity as the only religion
C) Allowed local communities to choose their own preachers, sanctioning four 'received' religions.
D) Banned Protestantism across the region
- 59. Who was the Wallachian lesser nobleman that led a revolt against the Ottomans in January 1821?
A) Constantin Brâncoveanu
B) Tudor Vladimirescu
C) Dimitrie Cantemir
D) Michael the Brave
- 60. Who was the first ruler elected to lead both Moldavia and Wallachia?
A) Carol I
B) Alexandru Ioan Cuza
C) Mihai Viteazul
D) Ferdinand I
- 61. In what year did Carol I of Romania abdicate?
A) 1866
B) 1877
C) 1914
D) 1881
- 62. On which date was the Constitution accepted by Carol I of Romania?
A) 15 October 1922
B) 1 December 1918
C) 28 June 1940
D) 10 May 1866
- 63. When did Romania proclaim its independence?
A) 28 June 1940
B) 15 October 1922
C) 1 December 1918
D) 10 May 1877
- 64. On what date were King Ferdinand I and Queen Maria crowned sovereign of all Romanians in Alba Iulia?
A) 10 May 1877
B) 15 October 1922
C) 28 June 1940
D) 1 December 1918
- 65. In what year did Carol II return to Romania and usurp the throne?
A) 1940
B) 1930
C) 1925
D) 1914
- 66. Which group influenced Carol II's decision-making during his rule?
A) Royal Camarilla
B) Entente Powers
C) Monstrous coalition
D) National Assembly
- 67. What type of government did Carol II appoint to appease extreme centrifugal forces?
A) Fascist governments
B) Nationalist governments
C) Communist governments
D) Democratic governments
- 68. Which pact led to Romania losing Bessarabia, Northern Bukovina, and the Hertsa region in 1940?
A) Pact of Steel
B) Treaty of Versailles
C) Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact
D) Non-Aggression Pact
- 69. Who was appointed as President of the Council of Ministers by King Carol II to pursue a pro-Nazi policy?
A) Ion Gigurtu
B) Mihai I
C) King Carol II
D) Ion Antonescu
- 70. Which city did Romania cede to Hungary after accepting Hitler's arbitration?
A) Bucharest
B) Cluj
C) Iași
D) Sibiu
- 71. What natural resources were found in the Transylvania territories ceded to Hungary?
A) Natural gas fields
B) Coal deposits
C) Gold mines
D) Oil reserves
- 72. To which country did Ion Gigurtu initiate negotiations to cede 8,000 km² of Southern Dobruja?
A) Bulgaria
B) Hungary
C) Yugoslavia
D) Germany
- 73. Who was appointed Prime Minister by King Carol II in response to public discontent and protests?
A) A member of the Iron Guard
B) Ion Gigurtu
C) King Mihai I
D) General Ion Antonescu
- 74. Who demanded that King Carol II abdicate in favor of his son, Mihai?
A) Ion Antonescu
B) The Iron Guard
C) Nazi Germany
D) Soviet Union
- 75. When did Romania declare war on the Soviet Union during World War II?
A) 1945
B) 1944
C) 1939
D) 1941
- 76. What event marked a shift in fortunes for Romania during World War II?
A) Defeat at Stalingrad
B) Battle of Berlin
C) Invasion of Poland
D) Battle of Britain
- 77. On what date did King Mihai I remove Marshal Ion Antonescu from power?
A) 23 August 1944
B) 9 September 1939
C) 8 May 1945
D) 6 June 1944
- 78. Which side did Romania join after switching sides in World War II?
A) Soviet Union
B) Axis Powers
C) Allies
D) Neutral
- 79. Who led the Romanian Workers' Party during the early communist regime?
A) Nicolae Ceaușescu
B) Emil Bodnăraş
C) Ion Iliescu
D) Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej
- 80. When did Nicolae Ceaușescu become the General Secretary of the Romanian Communist Party?
A) 1989
B) 1965
C) 1958
D) 1974
- 81. What was Nicolae Ceaușescu's rule characterized by during the 1980s?
A) Peaceful transition to democracy
B) Economic prosperity and openness
C) Liberal and democratic reforms
D) Increasingly authoritarian
- 82. What term did the Romanian regime use for its repressive domestic policies?
A) "Socialist progress"
B) "Democratic reforms"
C) "Communist liberation"
D) "Revolutionary conquests"
- 83. Who led the protest that escalated into a national uprising against the communist regime in Romania?
A) Emil Constantinescu
B) Nicolae Ceaușescu
C) Ion Iliescu
D) Reformed pastor László Tőkés
- 84. In which year did Emil Constantinescu win the Romanian presidency?
A) 2004
B) 2009
C) 2000
D) 1996
- 85. Who was elected president of Romania in 2004 and re-elected in 2009?
A) Ion Iliescu
B) Traian Băsescu
C) Klaus Iohannis
D) Emil Constantinescu
- 86. Who succeeded Traian Băsescu as president in 2014?
A) Florin Cîțu
B) Emil Constantinescu
C) Ion Iliescu
D) Klaus Iohannis
- 87. What was formed in Romania in 2002 to combat corruption?
A) The Ministry of Justice
B) The National Anticorruption Directorate
C) The Romanian Economic Council
D) The Transparency International Chapter
- 88. What led to the resignation of Prime Minister Victor Ponta in 2015?
A) Massive anti-corruption protests following the Colectiv nightclub fire
B) An economic crisis
C) A natural disaster
D) A military coup
- 89. Who became acting president of Romania in February 2025?
A) Klaus Iohannis
B) Călin Georgescu
C) Florin Cîțu
D) Ilie Bolojan
- 90. What was the reason for annulling the 2024 Romanian presidential election results?
A) Economic instability
B) Internal political conflict
C) Russian meddling
D) Natural disaster
- 91. What is Romania's rank in terms of size among European countries?
A) The largest
B) The fifth-largest
C) The smallest
D) The twelfth-largest
- 92. How many national parks are there in Romania?
A) Thirteen
B) Fifteen
C) Eight
D) Ten
- 93. What is the size of the Danube Delta?
A) 7,000 km2
B) 5,800 km2 (2,200 sq mi)
C) 4,500 km2
D) 3,500 km2
- 94. What percentage of Romania's territory is covered by undisturbed forest?
A) 15%
B) 40%
C) 35%
D) Almost 27%
- 95. How many plant species have been identified in Romania?
A) 4,200
B) 3,700
C) 2,500
D) 5,000
- 96. What percentage of Europe's brown bears are found in Romania?
A) About 50%
B) 10%
C) 30%
D) 70%
- 97. How many vertebrate species are there in Romania?
A) 900
B) 800
C) 500
D) 707
- 98. What is the average annual temperature in southern Romania?
A) 11 °C (52 °F)
B) 13 °C (55 °F)
C) 8 °C (46 °F)
D) 15 °C (59 °F)
- 99. What is the average maximum temperature in Bucharest during summer?
A) 28 °C (82 °F)
B) 30 °C (86 °F)
C) 25 °C (77 °F)
D) 35 °C (95 °F)
- 100. Which region of Romania has a climate with some Mediterranean influences?
A) Oltenia
B) Transylvania
C) Muntenia
D) Banat
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