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Athenian democracy - Quiz
Contributed by: Edwards
  • 1. Around which century BC did Athenian democracy develop?
A) 6th century BC
B) 7th century BC
C) 5th century BC
D) 4th century BC
  • 2. Which surrounding territory was encompassed by the city-state of Athens alongside the city itself?
A) Thebes
B) Attica
C) Sparta
D) Argos
  • 3. Which ideals were supported by Athenian democracy?
A) Order, discipline, and conquest
B) Wealth, power, and tradition
C) Monarchy, nobility, and faith
D) Liberty, equality, and security
  • 4. Who was allowed to participate in Athenian democracy?
A) Free, adult male citizens
B) All property-owning adults including women
C) All adult residents regardless of gender
D) Free citizens and resident metics
  • 5. Approximately what percentage of the total adult population did adult male citizens constitute?
A) No more than 30 percent
B) At least 70 percent
C) No more than 50 percent
D) Around 10 percent
  • 6. In what year did Solon issue his economic and constitutional reforms?
A) 621 BC
B) 594 BC
C) 462 BC
D) 508 BC
  • 7. In what years did Cleisthenes issue his reforms?
A) 508–07 BC
B) 411–10 BC
C) 462–61 BC
D) 561–60 BC
  • 8. In what year did Ephialtes contribute to the development of democracy?
A) 508 BC
B) 404 BC
C) 594 BC
D) 462 BC
  • 9. How did Cleisthenes organize citizens to break up the unlimited power of the nobility?
A) Into ten groups based on where they lived
B) Into hereditary aristocratic clans
C) Into twelve groups based on their occupation
D) Into four groups based on their wealth
  • 10. Who was the longest-lasting democratic leader of Athens?
A) Ephialtes
B) Pericles
C) Solon
D) Cleisthenes
  • 11. During which war did oligarchic revolutions briefly interrupt Athenian democracy in 411 and 404 BC?
A) Peloponnesian War
B) Macedonian War
C) Persian War
D) Sicilian campaign
  • 12. What proportion of existing Greek cities might have been democracies by the late 4th century BC?
A) Less than ten percent
B) All of them
C) As many as half
D) Only Athens and Sparta
  • 13. What does the Greek element 'dêmos' traditionally translate to?
A) People or towns
B) Beginning or rule
C) First place or sovereignty
D) Force or power
  • 14. What does the Greek element 'krátos' mean?
A) Force or power
B) Beginning or first place
C) People or towns
D) Assembly or magistrate
  • 15. What did the word 'demarchy' mean when it was already taken in ancient Athens?
A) Mayoralty
B) Democracy
C) Assembly
D) Oligarchy
  • 16. In which literary work is the first conceptual articulation of the term 'democracy' generally accepted to be found?
A) Constitutions
B) Histories
C) The Suppliants
D) The Draconian Constitution
  • 17. Which historian's works attest to the terms 'dēmokrateomai' and 'dēmokratia'?
A) Solon
B) Herodotus
C) Aristotle
D) Cleisthenes
  • 18. What earlier word was used for the concept of democracy before 'dēmokratia'?
A) Archē
B) Isonomia
C) Demarchy
D) Politeiai
  • 19. Who compiled the only complete extant constitution of a Greek city-state?
A) Pericles and the Assembly
B) Aristotle and his students
C) Solon and the archons
D) Herodotus and his followers
  • 20. Before the first attempt at democratic government, what was Athens ruled by?
A) Elected mayors and municipal magistrates
B) A series of archons and the council of the Areopagus
C) The Ten Tribes and their demes
D) The Assembly and the Boule
  • 21. Who replaced the oral law with a written legal code in 621 BC?
A) Draco
B) Peisistratos
C) Cleisthenes
D) Solon
  • 22. How many property classes did Solon establish in his constitutional reforms?
A) Ten
B) Four
C) Five
D) Three
  • 23. What was the name of the highest property class established by Solon, producing at least 500 medimnoi per year?
A) Hippeis
B) Zeugitai
C) Thetes
D) Pentakosiomedimnoi
  • 24. Which property class produced under 200 medimnoi per year under Solon's reforms?
A) Pentakosiomedimnoi
B) Thetes
C) Zeugitai
D) Hippeis
  • 25. How many members made up the boule created under Solon's reforms?
A) 100 members
B) 500 members
C) 300 members
D) 400 members
  • 26. What role did the Areopagus retain after Solon's reforms?
A) Guardianship of the laws
B) Supreme executive ruling body
C) Running daily affairs and setting political agendas
D) Criminal court for homicide and sacrilege
  • 27. What economic reforms did Solon implement regarding debt?
A) Enforcing stricter borrowing on personal security
B) Banning agriculture across Attica
C) Cancelling existing debts and freeing debtors
D) Increasing taxes on the wealthy classes
  • 28. Who overthrew the nascent democracy in 561 BC?
A) Phillip II
B) Hippias
C) Draco
D) Peisistratos
  • 29. Whose expulsion in 510 BC led to the reinstatement of Athenian democracy?
A) Hippias
B) Peisistratos
C) Ephialtes
D) Pericles
  • 30. How many new tribes did Cleisthenes institute to replace the traditional tribes?
A) Ten
B) Twelve
C) Twenty
D) Four
  • 31. What geographical divisions made up each of Cleisthenes's new tribes?
A) Demes
B) Medimnoi
C) Archons
D) Trittyes
  • 32. At what age did every male citizen have to be registered in his deme under Cleisthenes?
A) Over 21
B) Over 16
C) Over 30
D) Over 18
  • 33. What did Ephialtes persuade the Assembly to reduce the powers of the Areopagus to?
A) A council of four hundred members
B) A criminal court for cases of homicide and sacrilege
C) An advisory board for foreign trade
D) A municipal mayoralty and tax office
  • 34. Following which military campaign in 413 BC did citizens take steps to limit radical democracy?
A) Sicilian campaign
B) Conquest of Phillip II
C) Peloponnesian War
D) Persian invasion
  • 35. What oligarchy was established in the Athenian coup of 411 BC?
A) The Thirty Tyrants
B) The Areopagus
C) The Pentakosiomedimnoi
D) The Council of 400
  • 36. How long did the Council of 400 endure before being replaced?
A) Two years
B) Ten years
C) One year
D) Four months
  • 37. Who was placed in charge of the Athenian government when Athens surrendered to Sparta in 404 BC?
A) The Council of 400
B) The Thirty Tyrants
C) The Areopagus
D) Hippias and his supporters
  • 38. Which army conquered Athens in 338 BC, ending democratic forms?
A) Macedonian army of Phillip II
B) Sicilian army
C) Persian army
D) Spartan army
  • 39. What name was possibly coined around 460 BC as a gesture of democratic loyalty?
A) Cleisthenes
B) Solon
C) Democrates
D) Pericles
  • 40. What was the name of the collection that included Athens's complete extant constitution compiled by Aristotle?
A) The Draconian Constitution
B) The Suppliants
C) Constitutions (Politeiai)
D) Histories
  • 41. What is the historical origin of the principles of modern democracy?
A) The Roman Republic
B) Classical Athens
C) Ancient Sparta
D) Ancient Rome
  • 42. What was a hallmark of the democracy in Athens?
A) Direct participation
B) Representative voting
C) Bureaucratic administration
D) Checks and balances
  • 43. What obstacle did Athenian democracy frequently encounter?
A) Voter apathy
B) Economic stagnation
C) Mob mentality
D) Foreign occupation
  • 44. Besides mob mentality, what other issue did direct participation in Athens frequently face?
A) Prolonged debates
B) Hurried decision-making
C) Lack of public interest
D) Low voter turnout
  • 45. What do modern democracies aim to reduce by using checks and balances?
A) Citizen participation in government
B) Rash decisions influenced by public opinion
C) The influence of political leaders
D) The total number of laws passed
  • 46. What does the inclusion of diverse viewpoints in modern democracies promote?
A) An informed voter
B) More frequent elections
C) Government secrecy
D) Higher tax rates
  • 47. Who appointed Demetrius of Phalerum as political governor in Athens?
A) Cassander
B) Publius Cornelius Sulla
C) Alexander the Great
D) Philip II
  • 48. Who ended Cassander's rule over Athens?
A) Demetrius Poliorcetes
B) Athenion
C) Publius Cornelius Sulla
D) Alexander the Great
  • 49. When Rome fought Macedonia in 200 BC, what did the Athenians do to the first two new tribes?
A) Renamed them
B) Sent them into exile
C) Expanded them
D) Abolished them
  • 50. Which new tribe was created in honour of the Pergamene king?
A) Third tribe
B) Eleventh tribe
C) Twelfth tribe
D) First tribe
  • 51. What status did Athens attain in 146 BC regarding Rome?
A) Roman municipality with a Senate
B) Autonomous civitas foederata
C) Macedonian puppet state
D) Independent empire
  • 52. What was the numerical range of the council's members at different times?
A) 50 to 500
B) 300 to 750
C) 500 to 1000
D) 100 to 300
  • 53. Who led a revolution in Athens as a tyrant in 88 BC?
A) Publius Cornelius Sulla
B) Athenion
C) Aristion
D) Demetrius of Phalerum
  • 54. Who replaced Athenion after he was killed during the war with Rome?
A) Aristion
B) Hadrian
C) Philip II
D) Domitian
  • 55. Which victorious Roman general restored the previous government to Athens in 86 BC?
A) Demetrius Poliorcetes
B) Cassander
C) Publius Cornelius Sulla
D) Augustus
  • 56. What happened to Athens' nominal independence after Rome became an Empire under Augustus?
A) It dissolved
B) It became an autonomous civitas foederata
C) It was restored to the Assembly
D) It grew stronger
  • 57. How many people approximately made up the citizen families in 4th century BC Athens?
A) 100,000
B) 150,000
C) 250,000
D) 30,000
  • 58. Approximately how many adult male citizens were there in the mid-5th century BC?
A) 250,000
B) 30,000
C) 60,000
D) 150,000
  • 59. How many adult male citizens could most Greek city-states muster?
A) 100,000–150,000
B) 30,000–60,000
C) 1,000–1,500
D) 10,000–15,000
  • 60. How many adult male citizens did Corinth have at most?
A) 30,000
B) 1,000
C) 15,000
D) 60,000
  • 61. What term is used in the text for resident foreigners in Athens?
A) Helots
B) Metics
C) Plebeians
D) Barbarians
  • 62. Between metics and slaves, which group was probably somewhat more numerous?
A) Neither, citizens were more numerous than both combined
B) They were equal in number
C) Slaves
D) Metics
  • 63. Who claimed around 338 BC that there were 150,000 slaves in Attica?
A) Socrates
B) Hyperides
C) Plato
D) Pericles
  • 64. Roughly how many Greek city-states existed according to the text's context of 'most of the thousand or so'?
A) Around one hundred
B) Exactly fifty
C) Over ten thousand
D) About a thousand
  • 65. Compared to oligarchies, how large was the portion of the population that took part in Athens' government?
A) Significantly smaller
B) Roughly identical
C) Relatively large
D) Non-existent
  • 66. What was the primary criterion Athens followed for citizenship?
A) Length of residency in the city
B) Citizenship-through-birth
C) Financial contribution to the state
D) Mandatory property ownership
  • 67. Into how many categories was the citizenship-through-birth criterion divided?
A) Three
B) Five
C) Two
D) Four
  • 68. What did Solon's laws outline regarding citizens and non-citizens?
A) That non-citizens could vote if wealthy
B) Equal rights for all residents
C) A clear boundary between their protections
D) That slaves could become citizens
  • 69. What was the term used for the suspension of citizen rights due to debt?
A) Ephebes
B) Xenias Graphe
C) Atimia
D) Metics
  • 70. What large group was granted citizenship in 427 BC?
A) Plateans
B) Spartans
C) Samians
D) Egyptians
  • 71. What large group was granted citizenship in 405 BC?
A) Plateans
B) Ephebes
C) Samians
D) Athenians
  • 72. What term was often used to refer to women instead of citizens?
A) Astē
B) Demarch
C) Polis
D) Strategos
  • 73. What physical requirement for citizens were women barred from doing?
A) Competing in the Olympics
B) Building ships
C) Fighting in battle
D) Participating in athletic training
  • 74. What was the council of 500 also known as?
A) Boule
B) Ecclesia
C) Dikasteria
D) Demos
  • 75. What was the minimum number of people required for the courts?
A) 500
B) 30
C) 200
D) 6,000
  • 76. Which body was never simply called the demos ('the people')?
A) The assembly
B) The council of 500
C) The courts
D) The boule
  • 77. What was the Greek name for the Athenian assembly?
A) boule
B) dikasteria
C) agora
D) ekklesia
  • 78. What kind of majority was required for voting in the assembly?
A) Three-quarters majority
B) Unanimous consent
C) Two-thirds majority
D) Simple majority
  • 79. What was the Greek term for 'arm stretching' during voting?
A) Kheirotonia
B) Kyria
C) Pnyx
D) Ekklesia
  • 80. How often was ostracism conducted?
A) Every ten years
B) Only during times of war
C) Monthly
D) Annually
  • 81. How many assembly meetings per year were set in the following century (4th century BC)?
A) 20
B) 10
C) 40
D) 365
  • 82. What was the main meeting in the 4th century BC called?
A) Kheirotonia
B) Kyria ekklesia
C) Pnyx
D) Dikasteria
  • 83. What penalty was imposed on citizens who got the red stain on their clothes from the rope?
A) A fine
B) Public flogging
C) Temporary loss of voting rights
D) Exile from Athens
  • 84. Where was the assembly meeting place located?
A) Agora
B) Acropolis
C) Pnyx
D) Parthenon
  • 85. What was a preventive measure against potential tyrants and factions?
A) The red rope
B) Ostracism
C) Sortition
D) The quorum of 6,000
  • 86. What color stone represented 'yes' in votes requiring a quorum?
A) Red
B) Blue
C) White
D) Black
  • 87. What color stone represented 'no' in votes requiring a quorum?
A) White
B) Red
C) Blue
D) Black
  • 88. What could any member demand if they doubted the outcome of a show of hands?
A) An ostracism trial
B) A postponement of the assembly
C) A secret ballot
D) A recount
  • 89. Who is said to have created a boule of 400 in 594 BC?
A) Cleon
B) Solon
C) Cleisthenes
D) Pericles
  • 90. How often was the Athenian Boule selected?
A) Every two years
B) Every six months
C) Every month
D) Every year
  • 91. What was the term for the deliberations drafted by the Boule for the Ecclesia to discuss and approve?
A) Atimia
B) Probouleumata
C) Dike
D) Prytaneis
  • 92. What was the name of the standing committee formed by the members from each tribe in the Boule in turns?
A) Prytaneis
B) Clepsydra
C) Dikasteria
D) Logographos
  • 93. How many days did each prytaneis act as the standing committee of the Boule?
A) Forty days
B) Thirty-six days
C) Thirty days
D) Twenty-four days
  • 94. How long was the chairman for each tribe, chosen by lot each day, required to stay in the tholos?
A) The next 24 hours
B) The next 36 hours
C) The next 12 hours
D) The next 48 hours
  • 95. What was the building adjacent to the bouleuterion called?
A) Prytaneion
B) Dikasteria
C) Ecclesia
D) Clepsydra
  • 96. Through which function did the Boule execute its control over policy?
A) Judicial function
B) Probouleutic function
C) Executive function
D) Military function
  • 97. Which group was required to be under oath, unlike those attending the assembly?
A) Magistrates
B) Jurors
C) Ambassadors
D) Generals
  • 98. Unlike magistrates, who could be impeached and prosecuted for misconduct, what could jurors not do?
A) Speak
B) Be censured
C) Propose penalties
D) Vote
  • 99. What was the term for a smaller kind of private suit?
A) Probouleuma
B) Atimia
C) Dike
D) Graphe
  • 100. What was the term for a larger kind of public suit?
A) Dike
B) Graphe
C) Prytaneis
D) Clepsydra
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