- 1. Scandinavian history encompasses the rich and diverse heritage of the Nordic region, comprising the nations of Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Iceland. The history of Scandinavia is marked by a blend of Viking conquests, trade routes, cultural exchanges, and the development of strong maritime traditions. From the seafaring raids of the Vikings to the establishment of powerful kingdoms and the spread of Christianity, Scandinavian history is characterized by a unique mix of cultural influences and historical events that have shaped the region's identity and legacy. Today, Scandinavia is known for its modern social welfare systems, innovative design, and progressive values that reflect its enduring historical roots.
Who was the first King of Norway?
A) Olaf II
B) Erik the Red
C) Harald Fairhair
D) Leif Eriksson
- 2. Who unified Denmark, Norway, and Sweden in the Kalmar Union?
A) Gustav Vasa
B) Canute the Great
C) Margaret I
D) Olaf Tryggvason
- 3. Which Scandinavian country remained neutral during both World Wars?
A) Norway
B) Finland
C) Sweden
D) Denmark
- 4. Who wrote the epic poem 'Beowulf'?
A) Unknown author
B) Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
C) Snorri Sturluson
D) Egil Skallagrímsson
- 5. Who was the founder of the Kingdom of Sweden in the 10th century?
A) Gustav I Vasa
B) Eric the Victorious
C) Olaf I of Sweden
D) Sigurd the Mighty
- 6. What major event marked the end of the Swedish Empire in the early 18th century?
A) Napoleonic Wars
B) Seven Years' War
C) Thirty Years' War
D) Great Northern War
- 7. Which Scandinavian country is known as the 'Land of a Thousand Lakes'?
A) Sweden
B) Finland
C) Denmark
D) Norway
- 8. Who became the first Christian King of Denmark?
A) Gorm the Old
B) Sweyn Forkbeard
C) Harald Bluetooth
D) Canute the Great
- 9. Which famous Norwegian explorer discovered Greenland?
A) Thor Heyerdahl
B) Roald Amundsen
C) Fridtjof Nansen
D) Erik the Red
- 10. What was the name of the mighty warship built for King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden?
A) Dannebrog
B) Nordlys
C) Vasa
D) Draken
- 11. What year did Denmark officially abolish the slave trade?
A) 1857
B) 1733
C) 1920
D) 1803
- 12. Who was the first female Prime Minister of Denmark?
A) Lars Løkke Rasmussen
B) Poul-Erik Høyer
C) Helle Thorning-Schmidt
D) Margrethe Vestager
- 13. Which Swedish king is considered the 'father of modern Sweden'?
A) Charles XII
B) Charles XIV John
C) Gustav Vasa
D) Gustav III
- 14. Where did the Viking Age begin?
A) Germany
B) Scandinavia
C) England
D) Russia
- 15. Which treaty ended the Great Northern War in 1721?
A) Treaty of Copenhagen
B) Treaty of Kiel
C) Treaty of Nystad
D) Treaty of Roskilde
- 16. Who was the first King of Sweden from the House of Bernadotte?
A) Karl II
B) Gustav IV Adolf
C) Charles XIII
D) Charles XIV John
- 17. Who was the famous Danish astronomer known for his contributions to astronomy?
A) Isaac Newton
B) Johannes Kepler
C) Tycho Brahe
D) Galileo Galilei
- 18. Who was the last ruler of the Kalmar Union?
A) Christopher III
B) Christian II
C) Gustav I Vasa
D) Margaret I
- 19. What was the capital of the Kalmar Union?
A) Stockholm
B) Copenhagen
C) Oslo
D) Helsinki
- 20. Who was the first Christian king of Sweden?
A) Eric the Victorious
B) Olof Skötkonung
C) Gustav I Vasa
D) Björn Ironside
- 21. Which Finnish architect is known for his organic modernist buildings inspired by nature?
A) Elissa Aalto
B) Juha Leiviskä
C) Eero Saarinen
D) Alvar Aalto
- 22. Who was the first king of Denmark?
A) Gorm the Old
B) Sweyn Forkbeard
C) Canute the Great
D) Harald Bluetooth
- 23. Who was the Norwegian playwright and poet who wrote 'Peer Gynt'?
A) Knut Hamsun
B) Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson
C) August Strindberg
D) Henrik Ibsen
- 24. What was the name of the 1960s Swedish pop group that achieved international success with hits like 'Dancing Queen'?
A) Ace of Base
B) Europe
C) ABBA
D) Roxette
- 25. Which country occupied Norway during World War II?
A) Russia
B) Germany
C) United Kingdom
D) Sweden
- 26. What was the name of the famous 18th-century Swedish botanist and taxonomist?
A) Alfred Nobel
B) Carl Linnaeus
C) Anders Celsius
D) Niels Bohr
- 27. In which year did the Swedish Empire reach its greatest territorial extent?
A) 1905
B) 1658
C) 1814
D) 1523
- 28. What is the capital city of Finland?
A) Oslo
B) Helsinki
C) Stockholm
D) Copenhagen
- 29. Which Swedish diplomat played a key role in saving Jews during the Holocaust?
A) Raoul Wallenberg
B) Dag Hammarskjöld
C) Olof Palme
D) Greta Thunberg
- 30. The Swedish warship 'Vasa' sank on its maiden voyage in which year?
A) 1571
B) 1715
C) 1628
D) 1805
- 31. Which Scandinavian country was the first to adopt Christianity as its official religion?
A) Norway
B) Sweden
C) Iceland
D) Denmark
- 32. Who wrote the Finnish national epic 'Kalevala'?
A) Väinö Linna
B) Zachris Topelius
C) Mika Waltari
D) Elias Lönnrot
- 33. Which Viking explorer is believed to have discovered America?
A) Leif Erikson
B) Harald Bluetooth
C) Thorvald Asvaldsson
D) Erik the Red
- 34. What was the name of the infamous 14-century pandemic that spread across Scandinavia?
A) Black Death
B) Yellow Fever
C) Spanish Flu
D) Cholera
- 35. Who is recognized as the national poet of Iceland for his contribution to Icelandic literature and independence movement?
A) Hermann Hesse
B) Jónas Hallgrímsson
C) Snorri Sturluson
D) Bjarni Herjólfsson
- 36. Who founded the city of Stockholm?
A) Erik the Red
B) Birger Jarl
C) Cnut the Great
D) Olaf II of Norway
- 37. What was the name of the union between Denmark, Norway, and Sweden from 1397 to 1523?
A) Viking Confederation
B) Norse Alliance
C) Kalmar Union
D) Scandinavian Pact
- 38. In which year did Finland declare independence from Russia?
A) 1923
B) 1905
C) 1939
D) 1917
- 39. In which year did Iceland gain independence from Denmark?
A) 1989
B) 1944
C) 1864
D) 1918
- 40. Which Scandinavian country is known as the 'Land of the Midnight Sun'?
A) Norway
B) Finland
C) Sweden
D) Iceland
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