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Ganges River - Exam
Contributed by: Elliott
  • 1. In which country is the Ganges River located?
A) Bangladesh
B) China
C) Nepal
D) India
  • 2. Which mountain range is the source of the Ganges River?
A) Alps
B) Andes
C) Himalayas
D) Rocky
  • 3. Which city is located at the mouth of the Ganges River?
A) Varanasi
B) Delhi
C) Dhaka
D) Kolkata
  • 4. What is the major environmental issue facing the Ganges River?
A) Pollution
B) Deforestation
C) Overfishing
D) Climate change
  • 5. What is the highest peak in the Himalayas and serves as the source of the Ganges River?
A) Gangotri
B) Annapurna
C) K2
D) Everest
  • 6. What is the Ganges River known as in Hindi?
A) Godavari
B) Ganga
C) Yamuna
D) Brahmaputra
  • 7. Which city is often considered the spiritual capital of India due to its location on the Ganges River?
A) Jaipur
B) Varanasi
C) Delhi
D) Mumbai
  • 8. What is the important festival associated with the Ganges River?
A) Holi
B) Diwali
C) Navratri
D) Ganga Dussehra
  • 9. Which historical figure is traditionally credited with performing the ritual that brought the Ganges River to Earth?
A) Akbar the Great
B) Ashoka the Great
C) Bhagiratha
D) Mahatma Gandhi
  • 10. What is the name of the Ganges River when it enters Bangladesh?
A) Meghna
B) Brahmaputra
C) Jamuna
D) Padma
  • 11. Which river is considered the source stream in Hindu mythology for the Ganges?
A) The Alaknanda
B) The Bhagirathi
C) The Yamuna
D) The Son
  • 12. Where does the main stem of the Ganges begin at its confluence?
A) Haridwar, Uttarakhand
B) Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh
C) Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh
D) Devprayag, Uttarakhand
  • 13. Which river joins the Ganges at Prayagraj?
A) The Ramganga River
B) The Ghaghara River
C) The Son River
D) The Yamuna River
  • 14. What is the largest tributary of the Ganges by discharge?
A) The Ghaghara (Karnali) River
B) The Kosi River
C) The Yamuna River
D) The Son River
  • 15. Which river is the largest distributary of the Brahmaputra?
A) The Surma River
B) The Jamuna River
C) The Meghna River
D) The Padma River
  • 16. What is formed by the confluence of the Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Meghna rivers?
A) The Sundarbans
B) The Hooghly River
C) The Ganges Delta
D) The Bengal Fan
  • 17. What percentage of its flow is diverted southwards by a feeder canal in West Bengal?
A) 25%
B) 100%
C) 50%
D) 75%
  • 18. Which river system has the second-largest discharge on earth after the Amazon and Congo?
A) The Mekong River System
B) The Yangtze River System
C) The Ganges–Brahmaputra–Meghna system
D) The Nile River System
  • 19. What is the length of the Ganges River?
A) 4,500 kilometers (2,796 miles)
B) 3,000 kilometers (1,864 miles)
C) 5,000 kilometers (3,107 miles)
D) 2,525 kilometers (1,569 miles)
  • 20. Which of the following cities is not located on the banks of the Ganges?
A) Mumbai
B) Patna
C) Kanpur
D) Varanasi
  • 21. Which critically endangered species is found in the Ganges?
A) South Asian river dolphin
B) Indian elephant
C) Bengal tiger
D) Snow leopard
  • 22. What is the approximate number of fish species found in the Ganges?
A) 50 species
B) 200 species
C) 140 species
D) 300 species
  • 23. What is the name of the Ganges' largest distributary that eventually becomes the Hooghly River?
A) Bhāgirathi-Hooghly
B) Meghna
C) Jamuna
D) Padma
  • 24. Which city is located at the confluence of the Ganges and Yamuna rivers?
A) Prayagraj (Allahabad)
B) Varanasi
C) Haridwar
D) Kanpur
  • 25. Which river joins the Ganges at Farakka, West Bengal?
A) The Ghaghara River
B) The Bhāgirathi-Hooghly River
C) The Yamuna River
D) The Son River
  • 26. What is the approximate length of the Ganges Delta?
A) 200 kilometers (124 miles)
B) 600 kilometers (373 miles)
C) 400 kilometers (250 miles)
D) 800 kilometers (497 miles)
  • 27. Which city is located at the end of the Ganges Delta?
A) Sagar Island
B) Kolkata
C) Dhaka
D) Chittagong
  • 28. Which tectonic plate does the Indian subcontinent lie atop?
A) Eurasian Plate
B) Pacific Plate
C) Indian tectonic plate
D) African Plate
  • 29. The Indian subcontinent was originally part of which supercontinent?
A) Laurasia
B) Rodinia
C) Pangaea
D) Gondwana
  • 30. How long did the northeastward drift of the Indian subcontinent last?
A) One hundred million years
B) Fifty million years
C) Thirty million years
D) Seventy-five million years
  • 31. What is the geological term for the Indo-Gangetic Plain?
A) Foredeep or foreland basin
B) Volcanic arc
C) Plateau
D) Canyon
  • 32. Which ocean was unformed when the Indian subcontinent began its drift?
A) Atlantic Ocean
B) Indian Ocean
C) Pacific Ocean
D) Arctic Ocean
  • 33. What caused the creation of a vast trough south of the emerging Himalayas?
A) Volcanic activity
B) Meteor impact
C) Erosion by rivers
D) Plate movement
  • 34. What geological processes began seventy-five million years ago in the Indian subcontinent?
A) Formation of the Himalayas
B) Northeastward drift across the then unformed Indian Ocean
C) Creation of the Indo-Gangetic Plain
D) Subduction under the Eurasian Plate
  • 35. What is the significance of the Indo-Australian Plate in relation to the Indian subcontinent?
A) It collided with the Eurasian Plate
B) The Indian tectonic plate is a minor plate within it
C) It created the Indo-Gangetic Plain
D) It formed the Himalayas
  • 36. What percentage of the Ganges basin is located in India?
A) About 80%
B) About 50%
C) About 60%
D) About 90%
  • 37. Which mountain range marks the southern boundary of the Ganges basin?
A) The Vindhya range
B) The Himalayas
C) The Transhimalaya
D) The Aravalli range
  • 38. Which peak is not part of the Ganges basin?
A) Kangchenjunga
B) Lhotse
C) Mount Everest
D) K2
  • 39. Which river was the main channel of the Ganges before the late 12th century?
A) The Padma River
B) The Adi Ganga
C) The Jamuna River
D) The Bhagirathi-Hooghly distributary
  • 40. What caused the Teesta River to change course in 1787?
A) A great flood
B) Human intervention
C) An earthquake
D) Drought conditions
  • 41. Which nation did the Ganges form the eastern boundary for, as mentioned by Megasthenes?
A) Persia
B) Gangaridai
C) Rome
D) Egypt
  • 42. Which peak is the high point of the Ganges basin?
A) Lhotse
B) Mount Everest
C) Makalu
D) Kangchenjunga
  • 43. From whose foot does Ganga emanate in the avatarana story?
A) Brahma's
B) Vishnu's
C) Shiva's
D) Indra's
  • 44. Who does Ganga marry in the Mahabharata?
A) Bhishma
B) Shantanu
C) Pandu
D) Dhritarashtra
  • 45. Which turtle is the Indian eyed turtle?
A) Morenia petersi
B) Batagur baska
C) Pangshura smithii
D) Lissemys punctata
  • 46. What is Shiva's title that signifies his relationship with Ganga?
A) Mahadeva
B) Trimurti
C) Nataraja
D) Gangadhara
  • 47. Who was the first European traveller to mention the Ganges?
A) Vasco da Gama
B) The Greek envoy Megasthenes
C) Marco Polo
D) Christopher Columbus
  • 48. Who was an advisor to Chandragupta Maurya and included the destruction of dams and levees as a strategy during war?
A) Firuz Shah Tughlaq
B) Megasthenes
C) Shah Jahan
D) Kautilya (Chanakya)
  • 49. During which era was the Ganges personified as the goddess Ganga?
A) Modern Age (1500 – Present)
B) British Colonial Era
C) Classical and Medieval Age (200 BCE – 1500 CE)
D) Vedic Period
  • 50. What is a unique feature of some naga sanyasis at Kumbh Mela?
A) They always wear saffron sheets
B) Some may not wear any clothes.
C) They avoid ritual bathing
D) They only participate in religious discussions
  • 51. Which of these turtles is considered the Indian softshell turtle?
A) Melanochelys trijuga
B) Geoclemys hamiltonii
C) Nilssonia gangetica
D) Pangshura tecta
  • 52. In which year did the construction of the Ganges Canal begin?
A) 1854
B) 1839
C) 1836
D) 1842
  • 53. Which turtle is the red-crowned roofed turtle?
A) Chitra indica
B) Melanochelys trijuga
C) Batagur kachuga
D) Pangshura smithii
  • 54. In which century did the purna kumbha become an established feature in Ganga's iconography?
A) By the 7th century.
B) By the 9th century.
C) By the 11th century.
D) By the 5th century.
  • 55. What was constructed by India to desilt the Kolkata port, causing downstream concerns in Bangladesh?
A) Hooghly River Dam
B) Farakka Barrage
C) Ganges Canal
D) Yamuna Flood Control System
  • 56. Which tree dominates the early seral forest communities in the lower Gangetic Plain?
A) Maple trees
B) Pine trees
C) Oak trees
D) Bombax ceiba
  • 57. Which Indian state is not part of the Ganges basin?
A) Kerala
B) West Bengal
C) Uttarakhand
D) Bihar
  • 58. Who disturbs Sage Kapila's meditation leading to the avatarana story?
A) Indra
B) Vishnu
C) Shiva
D) The sixty thousand sons of King Sagara.
  • 59. How many fish species were recorded in a major study of the Ganges basin from 2007 to 2009?
A) 100
B) 250
C) 143
D) 175
  • 60. Which species is referred to as the Indian peacock softshell turtle?
A) Crocodylus palustris
B) Pelochelys cantorii
C) Batagur baska
D) Nilssonia hurum
  • 61. Which turtle is known as the Indian black turtle?
A) Pangshura smithii
B) Melanochelys trijuga
C) Morenia petersi
D) Geoclemys hamiltonii
  • 62. What percentage of the upper Gangetic Plain has been degraded or converted to agriculture?
A) 50%
B) 85%
C) More than 95%
D) 75%
  • 63. Which season is responsible for about 84% of the total rainfall in the Ganges basin?
A) Summer
B) The Northeast Monsoon
C) The Southwest Monsoon
D) Winter
  • 64. Who is responsible for taming the Ganges' descent to prevent it from shattering the earth?
A) Shiva, who receives her in his tangled hair.
B) Indra
C) Brahma
D) Vishnu
  • 65. Which avatar of Vishnu completes three strides leading to the release of Vishnupadi?
A) Krishna
B) Vamana.
C) Rama
D) Narasimha
  • 66. Which turtle is referred to as the brown roofed turtle?
A) Nilssonia gangetica
B) Chitra indica
C) Pangshura smithii
D) Morenia petersi
  • 67. What was established by the Sena dynasty that centered around the riverine heartlands?
A) British Colonial Rule
B) Mughal Administration
C) Islamic Caliphate
D) Kulinism social structure
  • 68. Who receives the Vishnupadi in Indra's heaven according to the Vaishnava version?
A) Vishnu
B) Brahma
C) Dhruva, once a steadfast worshipper of Vishnu.
D) Indra
  • 69. Which empire used the Ganges as a vital trade artery?
A) The Mughal Empire
B) The Gupta Empire
C) The Mauryan Empire
D) The British Empire
  • 70. Which family is the second most diverse in the middle section of the Ganges basin?
A) Cyprinidae
B) Bagridae
C) Clupeidae
D) Schilbeidae
  • 71. What type of ecoregion is nearly extinct in the Sundarbans?
A) Freshwater swamp ecoregion
B) Temperate forest ecoregion
C) Tropical rainforest ecoregion
D) Desert ecoregion
  • 72. Which river was the main channel of the Ganges before it shifted to the Padma?
A) The Adi Ganga
B) The Meghna River
C) The Jamuna River
D) The Bhagirathi-Hooghly
  • 73. Which turtle is referred to as the three-striped roofed turtle?
A) Batagur dhongoka
B) Geoclemys hamiltonii
C) Pangshura tentoria
D) Batagur baska
  • 74. Where is the Lav Khush Barrage located?
A) Patna
B) Rishikesh
C) Kanpur
D) Varanasi
  • 75. Which town is popular for river rafting on the Ganges?
A) Haridwar
B) Rishikesh
C) Prayagraj
D) Varanasi
  • 76. Which city rose to prominence as a major medieval metropolis and capital of the Bengal Sultanate?
A) Gauḍa
B) Varanasi
C) Haridwar
D) Delhi
  • 77. In which work did Megasthenes mention the Ganges?
A) Geographia
B) The Odyssey
C) Indica
D) The Histories
  • 78. In the Vaishnava version, what was the name of the heavenly waters before they became the Ganges?
A) Vishnupadi.
B) Soma
C) Apsara
D) Indrapani
  • 79. What does the dwarf attendant carry in Ganga's iconography?
A) A shield and spear.
B) A sacred scripture.
C) A musical instrument.
D) A cosmetic bag.
  • 80. Which of these turtles is the northern river terrapin?
A) Batagur baska
B) B. dhongoka
C) Pangshura tecta
D) Nilssonia hurum
  • 81. Which turtle is called the Brahminy river turtle?
A) Lissemys punctata
B) Hardella thurjii
C) Melanochelys trijuga
D) Nilssonia gangetica
  • 82. Which turtle species is known as the Cantor's giant softshell turtle?
A) Chitra indica
B) Pangshura smithii
C) Pelochelys cantorii
D) Nilssonia gangetica
  • 83. Through which celestial body does the Ganges flow after being released from heaven?
A) Andromeda
B) Orion's Belt
C) Ursa Major
D) The Milky Way.
  • 84. How did the Ganges serve the Delhi Sultanate during its establishment?
A) As a trade route to Europe
B) As both a strategic barrier and a logistics corridor
C) As a recreational area
D) As a primary source of drinking water
  • 85. What was the length of the main Ganges Canal?
A) 560 km (350 mi)
B) 240 km (150 mi)
C) 480 km (300 mi)
D) 700 km (435 mi)
  • 86. Which tree species grows in the Sundarbans area of the Ganges Delta?
A) Teak trees
B) Sundarbands mangroves (Heritiera fomes)
C) Deodar trees
D) Banyan trees
  • 87. Which turtle is known as the Indian flapshell turtle?
A) Chitra indica
B) Morenia petersi
C) Pangshura smithii
D) Lissemys punctata
  • 88. In the Vedic version of the avatarana, who slays the celestial serpent Vritra?
A) Vishnu
B) Indra, the Lord of Svarga (Heaven)
C) Shiva
D) Brahma
  • 89. Which crocodilian species is found specifically in the main sections of the Ganges River?
A) Indian black turtle (Melanochelys trijuga)
B) Gharial (Gavialis gangeticus)
C) Saltwater crocodile (Crocodylus porosus)
D) Mugger crocodile (Crocodylus palustris)
  • 90. What is one of the primary issues threatening fish species in the Ganges basin?
A) Predation by birds
B) Natural disasters
C) Climate change
D) Overfishing
  • 91. Which family follows Cyprinidae in terms of species count in the upper section of the Ganges basin?
A) Sisoridae
B) Balitoridae
C) Schilbeidae
D) Clupeidae
  • 92. Which fish commonly caught in the Ganges fisheries is a type of catfish?
A) Goonch catfish (Bagarius)
B) Milkfish (Chanos chanos)
C) Rohu (Labeo rohita)
D) Catla (Catla catla)
  • 93. Where do Bengal tigers survive in the Ganges Delta?
A) Western Ghats
B) Rajasthan desert
C) Eastern Himalayas
D) Sundarbans area
  • 94. Which turtle is known as the black pond turtle?
A) Geoclemys hamiltonii
B) Morenia petersi
C) Pangshura tecta
D) Hardella thurjii
  • 95. When was the major barrage at Farakka opened?
A) 21 April 1975
B) 1 January 1980
C) 30 December 1996
D) 15 August 1969
  • 96. Which historian described the Ganges Canal as the largest ever attempted in the world?
A) Sir Proby Thomas Cautley
B) Col. John Russell Colvin
C) Lord Dalhousie
D) Ian Stone
  • 97. What was the primary source of tax revenue for the Sultans of Delhi?
A) Tribute from Southeast Asia
B) Revenue from mining operations
C) Trade tariffs on silk
D) Control over the Doab
  • 98. What happens to the sixty thousand sons of King Sagara when disturbed by Sage Kapila?
A) They are banished from heaven
B) They become celestial beings
C) They are seared with his angry gaze, reduced to ashes.
D) They are turned into stones
  • 99. Who built an irrigation canal on the Yamuna River in the early 17th century?
A) Kautilya (Chanakya)
B) Col. John Russell Colvin
C) Firuz Shah Tughlaq
D) Shah Jahan
  • 100. Where does the Ganges first arrive in the plains according to the avatarana story?
A) At Haridwar.
B) At Prayag
C) In Varanasi
D) At Ganges Sagar
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