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White blood cell - Quiz
Contributed by: Hilton
  • 1. What is the term for an increase in the number of white blood cells in circulation?
A) Eosinophilia
B) Leukocytosis
C) Neutropenia
D) Leukopenia
  • 2. What is the most common cause of leukocytosis?
A) Inflammation
B) Exercise
C) Medication
D) Smoking
  • 3. How many major causes of leukocytosis are mentioned in the text?
A) Eight
B) Two
C) Six
D) Four
  • 4. What is an increase in the absolute neutrophil count in the peripheral circulation called?
A) Neutrophilia
B) Basophilia
C) Monocytosis
D) Lymphocytosis
  • 5. What is the typical normal total leukocyte count in an adult?
A) 4000 to 11,000 per mm3
B) 20,000 to 30,000 per mm3
C) 15,000 to 20,000 per mm3
D) 1000 to 5000 per mm3
  • 6. What percentage of chronic smokers may experience neutrophilia?
A) 80–90%
B) 60–75%
C) 5–10%
D) 25–50%
  • 7. Which of the following is listed as a primary cause of neutrophilia?
A) Tuberculosis
B) Pelger–Huët anomaly
C) Rheumatoid arthritis
D) Cigarette smoking
  • 8. What is the considered normal eosinophil count limit?
A) Less than 2.0×109/L
B) Exactly 5.0×109/L
C) More than 1.0×109/L
D) Less than 0.65×109/L
  • 9. When are eosinophil counts typically lower in a 24-hour cycle?
A) During sleep
B) At noon
C) In the morning
D) At night
  • 10. Which medical condition is noted as a secondary cause of neutrophilia?
A) Crohn's disease
B) Hereditary neutrophilia
C) Pelger–Huët anomaly
D) Down syndrome
  • 11. Which medication is associated with inducing neutrophilia?
A) Insulin
B) Lithium
C) Penicillin
D) Aspirin
  • 12. How long can smoking-induced neutrophilia persist after quitting?
A) Up to 5 years
B) 1 month
C) 10 years
D) 6 months
  • 13. Eosinophilia is described as which of the following?
A) A common healthy finding
B) Never a normal lab finding
C) An indicator of low iron
D) A sign of viral recovery
  • 14. Which organ removal is linked to primary neutrophilia?
A) Gallbladder
B) Liver
C) Appendix
D) Spleen
  • 15. What blood panel includes the overall white blood cell count and differential count?
A) Lipid panel
B) Coagulation profile
C) Complete blood cell count
D) Metabolic panel
  • 16. Which of the following conditions might cause an increase in eosinophil count?
A) Dehydration
B) Vitamin deficiency
C) Parasitic infections
D) Low blood pressure
  • 17. Where are eosinophils most numerous?
A) Kidneys
B) Liver
C) Mucous membranes
D) Bone marrow
  • 18. How many lobes does an eosinophil nucleus generally have?
A) Three
B) Two
C) It is lobeless
D) Five
  • 19. What color do eosinophil granules turn with eosin staining?
A) Yellow-green
B) Pink-orange
C) Dark violet
D) Deep blue
  • 20. Which white blood cell is considered the rarest?
A) Basophil
B) T cell
C) B cell
D) Eosinophil
  • 21. What chemical do basophils release to dilate blood vessels?
A) Histamine
B) Heparin
C) Cytokines
D) Antibodies
  • 22. Why is the basophil nucleus hard to see?
A) It is transparent
B) Coarse granules hide it
C) It is too small
D) It is absent
  • 23. Where are lymphocytes most commonly found?
A) Skin
B) Connective tissue
C) Lymphatic system
D) Bloodstream
  • 24. What is the primary function of B cells?
A) Make antibodies
B) Kill virus-infected cells
C) Release histamine
D) Phagocytize large parasites
  • 25. What do CD8+ cytotoxic T cells bind to?
A) MHC II molecules
B) MHC I complex
C) Heparin receptors
D) Histamine receptors
  • 26. Which cells can kill cells that do not display MHC class I molecules?
A) Natural killer cells
B) Basophils
C) Eosinophils
D) B cells
  • 27. What is a key structural feature of all white blood cells?
A) They are fragmented
B) They are anucleated
C) They lack cytoplasm
D) They are nucleated
  • 28. Which of the following is an agranulocyte?
A) Neutrophil
B) Basophil
C) Eosinophil
D) Lymphocyte
  • 29. What are the two broadest categories used to classify white blood cells by structure?
A) Phagocytic and non-phagocytic
B) Myeloid and lymphoid
C) Multi-lobed and round
D) Granulocytes and agranulocytes
  • 30. Which cells belong to the lymphoid lineage?
A) Lymphocytes
B) Eosinophils
C) Monocytes
D) Neutrophils
  • 31. Which cells are phagocytic?
A) T cells and B cells
B) Monocytes and neutrophils
C) Natural killer cells and eosinophils
D) Lymphocytes and basophils
  • 32. Which cell type is the most abundant white blood cell?
A) Monocyte
B) Neutrophil
C) Lymphocyte
D) Basophil
  • 33. What percentage of circulating leukocytes do neutrophils constitute?
A) 80–90%
B) 10–20%
C) 40–50%
D) 60–70%
  • 34. What is the primary function of neutrophils?
A) Transport of oxygen
B) Production of antibodies
C) Regulation of blood clotting
D) Defense against bacterial or fungal infection
  • 35. What substance is formed by the death of neutrophils in large numbers?
A) Pus
B) Lymph
C) Serum
D) Plasma
  • 36. Why are neutrophils called polymorphonuclear?
A) Because they contain many granules
B) Because they have a multi-lobed nucleus
C) Because they circulate in the blood
D) Because they are very large
  • 37. What happens to neutrophils after they phagocytose a few pathogens?
A) They regenerate lysosomes
B) They become monocytes
C) They divide
D) They die
  • 38. Which cell type is most common in the early stages of acute inflammation?
A) Neutrophils
B) Monocytes
C) Basophils
D) Lymphocytes
  • 39. What is the scientific name for white blood cells?
A) Erythrocytes
B) Myelocytes
C) Leukocytes
D) Platelets
  • 40. Where are all white blood cells produced?
A) Lymph nodes
B) Liver
C) Bone marrow
D) Spleen
  • 41. What percentage of total blood volume do white blood cells represent?
A) 40% to 45%
B) Approximately 1%
C) 10%
D) 50%
  • 42. What is the term for a white blood cell count below the normal range?
A) Neutropenia
B) Leukopenia
C) Leukocytosis
D) Leukemia
  • 43. What causes the buffy coat to sometimes appear green?
A) High iron content
B) Myeloperoxidase
C) Hemoglobin
D) Plasma proteins
  • 44. In a centrifuged blood sample, where are white blood cells located?
A) The bottom layer
B) The sedimented red blood cells
C) The plasma
D) The buffy coat
  • 45. Which type of white blood cell is the largest?
A) Basophil
B) Neutrophil
C) Monocyte
D) Lymphocyte
  • 46. What is the primary function monocytes share with neutrophils?
A) Phagocytosis
B) Antibody production
C) Clotting
D) Histamine release
  • 47. What do monocytes become after leaving the bloodstream?
A) Kupffer cells
B) Mast cells
C) Dendritic cells
D) Tissue macrophages
  • 48. What is the shape of a monocyte's nucleus?
A) Lobulated
B) Kidney-shaped
C) Round
D) Multi-segmented
  • 49. Are monocytes typically granulated?
A) Only in tissues
B) Yes
C) No
D) Only when active
  • 50. What is the term for a decrease in lymphocytes?
A) Neutrophilia
B) Leukocytosis
C) Myeloproliferation
D) Lymphocytopenia
  • 51. Which of the following is a potential cause of neutropenia?
A) Normal aging
B) High protein diet
C) Increased production
D) Chemotherapy
  • 52. Which category of disorder involves white blood cells that exist in normal numbers but do not function correctly?
A) Proliferative disorders
B) Qualitative disorders
C) Leukopenias
D) Myeloproliferative disorders
  • 53. Which of the following is an example of an intrinsic disorder causing neutropenia?
A) Alcoholism
B) Radiation exposure
C) Fanconi's
D) Thiazide use
  • 54. Which of the following is considered a toxin that can lead to neutropenia?
A) Water
B) Vitamin C
C) Calcium
D) Benzene
  • 55. Which of these is listed as a potential cause of acquired neutropenia?
A) Exercise
B) Sulfas
C) Sleep deprivation
D) Hydration
  • 56. Which of the following is an inherited cause of lymphocytopenia?
A) Sepsis
B) Strenuous exercise
C) Alcohol use disorder
D) Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome
  • 57. Which of the following viral infections is associated with lymphocytopenia?
A) Minor skin rash
B) Seasonal allergies
C) AIDS
D) Common cold
  • 58. How are symptoms and treatment of lymphocytopenia directed?
A) At antibiotic resistance
B) At increasing caloric intake
C) At the underlying cause
D) Only at the lymphocyte count
  • 59. Which nutritional deficiency is listed as a potential cause of lymphocytopenia?
A) Iron deficiency
B) Zinc deficiency
C) Vitamin C deficiency
D) Vitamin D deficiency
  • 60. Which blood cell dysfunction is linked to lymphocytopenia?
A) Polycythemia vera
B) Leukemia
C) Aplastic anemia
D) Sickle cell anemia
  • 61. Which of the following medical procedures is a potential cause of lymphocytopenia?
A) Blood transfusion
B) Gallbladder removal
C) Hemodialysis
D) Appendectomy
  • 62. Which immune-related condition is mentioned as a cause of lymphocytopenia?
A) Systemic lupus erythematosus
B) Eczema
C) Asthma
D) Type 1 diabetes
  • 63. Which of these medications is associated with causing lymphocytopenia?
A) Pain relievers
B) Antibiotics
C) Antihistamines
D) Glucocorticoids
  • 64. Which of the following is a parasitic cause of lymphocytopenia?
A) Tapeworm
B) Pinworm
C) Scabies
D) Malaria
  • 65. Which of the following is a potential miscellaneous cause of lymphocytopenia?
A) Mild dehydration
B) Common headache
C) Broken bone
D) Severe burns
  • 66. Which category does sarcoidosis fall under in the text regarding lymphocytopenia causes?
A) Infectious diseases
B) Miscellaneous
C) Nutritional
D) Inherited immune deficiency
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