- 1. Biological refers to anything related to living organisms, their behavior, growth, structure, and the functions of their parts. It encompasses the study of life and living organisms, from the molecular level to entire ecosystems. Biological research investigates topics such as genetics, evolution, ecology, physiology, and anatomy. By understanding biological principles, scientists can gain insights into the complexities of life on Earth and develop solutions to various challenges in medicine, agriculture, and environmental conservation.
What is the study of living organisms called?
A) Physics
B) Biology
C) Chemistry
D) Astronomy
- 2. Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?
A) Mitochondria
B) Endoplasmic reticulum
C) Lysosome
D) Nucleus
- 3. What is the building block of all living things?
A) Chromosome
B) Atom
C) Cell
D) Molecule
- 4. Which gas do plants absorb during photosynthesis?
A) Carbon dioxide
B) Nitrogen
C) Oxygen
D) Hydrogen
- 5. Which system is responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients in the body?
A) Digestive system
B) Respiratory system
C) Circulatory system
D) Nervous system
- 6. What green pigment is responsible for photosynthesis?
A) Melanin
B) Chlorophyll
C) Carotene
D) Hemoglobin
- 7. Which scientist proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection?
A) Gregor Mendel
B) Alexander Fleming
C) Charles Darwin
D) Louis Pasteur
- 8. What is the largest organ in the human body?
A) Liver
B) Heart
C) Brain
D) Skin
- 9. What is the basic unit of heredity?
A) Allele
B) DNA
C) Gene
D) Chromosome
- 10. Which type of cell division results in the production of gametes?
A) Mitosis
B) Meiosis
C) Budding
D) Binary fission
- 11. What is the process by which plants make their own food?
A) Photosynthesis
B) Fermentation
C) Respiration
D) Digestion
- 12. Which blood type is known as the universal recipient?
A) B
B) A
C) O
D) AB
- 13. What is the main function of red blood cells?
A) Fight infection
B) Clot blood
C) Produce antibodies
D) Transport oxygen
- 14. Which part of a plant anchors it in the soil and absorbs water and nutrients?
A) Flower
B) Leaves
C) Roots
D) Stem
- 15. The study of how traits are passed from parents to offspring is called?
A) Genetics
B) Immunology
C) Ecology
D) Histology
- 16. Which blood vessel carries blood back to the heart?
A) Vein
B) Artery
C) Capillary
D) Lymphatic vessel
- 17. What is the scientific term for the process of cell death?
A) Meiosis
B) Mitosis
C) Apoptosis
D) Necrosis
- 18. Which part of the brain controls voluntary movements and balance?
A) Cerebrum
B) Hypothalamus
C) Brainstem
D) Cerebellum
- 19. What is the term for the changing of a caterpillar into a butterfly?
A) Evolution
B) Mutation
C) Metamorphosis
D) Regeneration
- 20. Which scientist proposed the theory of spontaneous generation?
A) Hippocrates
B) Aristotle
C) Louis Pasteur
D) Galen
- 21. Which scientist discovered penicillin?
A) Galileo Galilei
B) Marie Curie
C) Thomas Edison
D) Alexander Fleming
- 22. What is the process by which cells reproduce by dividing into two identical daughter cells?
A) Fertilization
B) Apoptosis
C) Meiosis
D) Mitosis
- 23. Which of the following is a neurotransmitter that plays a role in mood regulation?
A) Adrenaline
B) Endorphin
C) Dopamine
D) Serotonin
- 24. Which of the following structures is responsible for storing genetic information in eukaryotic cells?
A) Mitochondria
B) Lysosome
C) Ribosome
D) Nucleus
- 25. Which scientist is known as the 'Father of Modern Genetics'?
A) Charles Darwin
B) Louis Pasteur
C) Gregor Mendel
D) Alexander Fleming
- 26. What is the process by which cells use oxygen to produce energy?
A) Fermentation
B) Mitosis
C) Cellular respiration
D) Photosynthesis
- 27. What is the role of ribosomes within a cell?
A) Energy production
B) Protein synthesis
C) Waste removal
D) Cell division
- 28. What is the name of the process by which plants release water vapor through pores in their leaves?
A) Germination
B) Pollination
C) Transpiration
D) Photosynthesis
- 29. Which hormone is known as the 'fight or flight' hormone?
A) Estrogen
B) Adrenaline
C) Insulin
D) Melatonin
- 30. What is the term for the chemical reactions that occur in living organisms to maintain life?
A) Homeostasis
B) Metabolism
C) Catabolism
D) Anabolism
- 31. What is the longest bone in the human body?
A) Humerus
B) Radius
C) Femur
D) Fibula
- 32. What is the term for the maintenance of a stable internal environment in an organism?
A) Homeostasis
B) Feedback
C) Stasis
D) Equilibrium
- 33. Which type of muscle is involuntary and found in organs like the stomach?
A) Cardiac muscle
B) Striated muscle
C) Skeletal muscle
D) Smooth muscle
- 34. What type of blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?
A) Arteries
B) Venules
C) Veins
D) Capillaries
- 35. What is the study of the interactions between living organisms and their environment called?
A) Genetics
B) Biology
C) Ecology
D) Physiology
- 36. What is the molecule that carries genetic information in living organisms?
A) Protein
B) DNA
C) RNA
D) Lipid
- 37. Which structure in a plant is responsible for transporting water and nutrients?
A) Xylem
B) Stamen
C) Phloem
D) Sepal
- 38. What is the term for the total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level?
A) Biodiversity
B) Habitat
C) Biomass
D) Ecosystem
- 39. What is the process by which organisms produce offspring?
A) Homeostasis
B) Growth
C) Metabolism
D) Reproduction
- 40. What is the term for the variety of life on Earth?
A) Evolution
B) Ecology
C) Biodiversity
D) Genetics
A) The study of languages.
B) The study of stars.
C) The study of living organisms.
D) The study of rocks.
- 42. What is the process of breaking down food into simpler substances the body can use?
A) Respiration
B) Digestion
C) Excretion
D) Circulation
- 43. Which structure in a plant is the site of photosynthesis?
A) Cell wall
B) Nucleus
C) Chloroplast
D) Vacuole
- 44. What does DNA stand for?
A) Dihydrogen monoxide
B) Digital nerve amplifier
C) Deoxyribonucleic acid
D) Direct neurotransmitter activation
- 45. Which type of cells can differentiate into any type of cell in the body?
A) Nerve cells
B) Skin cells
C) Muscle cells
D) Stem cells
- 46. What type of genetic disorder results from an extra copy of chromosome 21?
A) Down syndrome
B) Hemophilia
C) Cystic fibrosis
D) Sickle cell anemia
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