A) As a physiological problem B) As a geometrical problem C) As a physical problem D) As a psychological problem
A) Euclid B) Hero of Alexandria C) Claudius Ptolemy D) Aristotle
A) With a mathematical proof of refraction B) With a set of self-evident axioms C) With physical experiments D) With physiological observations
A) In a spiral shape B) In a curved line C) In a zigzag pattern D) In a straight line
A) A cone B) A sphere C) A cylinder D) A pyramid
A) Smaller B) Closer C) Larger D) Brighter
A) Higher B) Brighter C) Lower D) Deeper
A) Blurrier B) Clearer C) Larger D) Darker
A) Yes B) Only for refraction C) No D) Only for reflection
A) Perspective and the rounding of things seen at a distance B) Mirages and magnification C) Reflection and refraction D) The color spectrum and lenses
A) Simple direct vision B) Reflection and refraction C) Catoptrics and dioptrics D) Emission theory
A) Euclid B) Hero of Alexandria C) Claudius Ptolemy D) Plato
A) Catoptrics B) Perspective C) Emission theory D) Dioptrics
A) Instantly without duration B) At the speed of sound C) Slowly and gradually D) At great speed
A) They passed straight through B) They were reflected perfectly C) They could become trapped in the porosities D) They multiplied
A) Axiomatic theory B) Refraction theory C) Emission theory D) Reflection theory
A) That light travels in a curved line B) That visual rays bounce like elastic balls C) That this is the shortest path from the object to the observer D) That angles are proportional to speeds
A) Directly on the surface of the mirror B) As far as the object really is in front of the mirror C) Twice as far as the object is in front D) Half as far as the object is in front
A) Third-century B) Second-century C) Fourth-century D) First-century
A) Proceeding from the object to the eye B) Proceeding from the eye to the object C) Originating from external light sources D) Moving back and forth between eye and object
A) As discrete lines rather than a cone B) As a continuous cone rather than discrete lines C) As parallel rays D) As physical particles trapped in pores
A) Only reflection B) Reflection and refraction C) Only direct vision D) Perspective and rounding
A) Air, water, and wood B) Air, water, and glass C) Glass, metal, and air D) Water, oil, and glass
A) To eliminate errors caused by unpolished surfaces B) To account for the speed of visual rays C) To match Euclid's earlier axioms D) To fit his incorrect assumption that refraction is proportional to incidence
A) Latin B) Egyptian C) Greek D) Arabic
A) Vision and eye B) Ray of light C) Glass lens D) Appearance, look
A) Early modern Europe B) Medieval Islamic world C) Ancient China D) Ancient Greece
A) Twentieth century B) Ancient Greco-Roman world C) Medieval Islamic world D) Early modern Europe
A) Four B) Five C) Three D) Two
A) Aphrodite B) Mozi C) Lucretius D) Euclid
A) Fire lit by Aphrodite B) Atoms of energy C) An inverted image D) Rays of reflected light
A) 5th century BCE B) 5th century AD C) 4th century BC D) 55 BC
A) A beam of heat B) An inverted image C) A magnified image D) A reflected ray
A) An astronomical compendium B) A 'collecting-point' or 'treasure house' C) A plane mirror D) A cylindrical glass
A) 36 B) Five C) A hundred D) Four
A) Lucretius B) Pappus C) Dignāga D) Mozi
A) Catoptrica B) Almagest C) Little Astronomy D) Syntaxis
A) 5th century BCE B) 55 BC C) 4th century BC D) 7th century AD
A) Almagest B) Optics C) Little Astronomy D) Catoptrica
A) Longer B) Equal C) Variable D) Shorter
A) Dignāga B) Dharmakirti C) Empedocles D) Mozi
A) 5th century B) 6th century C) 7th century D) 4th century
A) Al-Biruni B) Al-Kindi C) Avicenna D) Ibn Sahl
A) De aspectibus B) De radiis stellarum C) Liber de crepisculis D) Kitab Tanqih al-Manazir
A) Al-Kindi B) Kamal al-Din al-Farisi C) Ibn Sahl D) Qutb al-Din al-Shirazi
A) The Revision of Optics B) Book of Optics C) De radiis stellarum D) On the burning instruments
A) Robert Grosseteste B) Rashed C) Roger Bacon D) Alhazen
A) Newton's law B) Al-Kindi's law C) Snell's law D) Ptolemy's law
A) 800s B) 980s C) 1010s D) 1230s
A) Avicenna B) Ptolemy C) Al-Kindi D) Al-Biruni
A) Fī al-'āla al-muḥriqa B) Kitab al Manazir C) De radiis stellarum D) Kitab Tanqih al-Manazir
A) Ibn al-Haytham B) Al-Kindi C) Ibn Sahl D) Al-Biruni
A) Abu 'Abd Allah Muhammad ibn Ma'udh B) Al-Kindi C) Avicenna D) Ibn Sahl
A) Persia B) Western Europe C) Al-Andalus D) Baghdad
A) Perspectiva B) Liber de crepisculis C) De aspectibus D) De radiis stellarum
A) Al-Kindi B) Alhazen C) Ibn Sahl D) Al-Biruni
A) 18° B) 45° C) 90° D) 10°
A) The rainbow phenomenon B) Solar eclipses C) Mirages D) Lunar halos
A) Kitab al Manazir B) Fī al-'āla al-muḥriqa C) Kitab Tanqih al-Manazir D) Liber de crepisculis
A) Genesis 1:1 B) Revelation 21:23 C) Genesis 1:3 D) John 1:5
A) Theodoric of Freiberg B) Alhacen C) Robert Grosseteste D) Peter of Limoges
A) Roger Bacon B) Theodoric of Freiberg C) Witelo D) John Pecham
A) German monk B) Arabic physician C) English Franciscan D) English bishop
A) The measurement of planetary distances B) The chemical composition of mirrors C) How we see D) The origin of the universe
A) Theodoric of Freiberg B) Robert Grosseteste C) Peter of Limoges D) Witelo
A) Avicenna B) Qutb al-Din al-Shirazi C) Al-Kindi D) Alhacen
A) Johannes Kepler B) Willebrord Snellius C) Isaac Newton D) René Descartes
A) Opera reliqua B) Astronomiae Pars Optica C) Opticks D) Traité de la lumière
A) Johannes Kepler B) Isaac Newton C) Willebrord Snellius D) Christiaan Huygens
A) Johannes Kepler B) Christiaan Huygens C) René Descartes D) Willebrord Snellius
A) Isaac Newton B) René Descartes C) Christiaan Huygens D) Johannes Kepler
A) A pinhole camera B) A refracting telescope C) A reflecting telescope D) A compound microscope
A) The Royal Society B) The Roman Inquisition C) The French Academy of Sciences D) The University of Cambridge
A) Opera reliqua B) Opticks C) Traité de la lumière D) Astronomiae Pars Optica
A) The ether B) Gravitons C) Photons D) Caloric fluid
A) 1671 B) 1621 C) 1604 D) 1704
A) Isaac Newton B) René Descartes C) Christiaan Huygens D) Johannes Kepler
A) James Gregory B) Isaac Newton C) Francesco Maria Grimaldi D) Thomas Young
A) The French word diffrayer B) The Greek word diffugio C) The Latin word diffringere D) The Latin word diffractus
A) 1638 B) 1803 C) 1815 D) 1665
A) Posthumously B) During his youth C) Decades before his birth D) Simultaneously with his death
A) Christiaan Huygens B) Francesco Maria Grimaldi C) Isaac Newton D) James Gregory
A) A glass prism B) A ripple tank C) Two closely spaced slits D) A bird feather
A) Ripple tank B) Diffraction grating C) Prism spectroscope D) Wave interferometer
A) 1818 B) 1803 C) 1815 D) 1665
A) Water waves B) Sunlight C) An electric spark D) A bird feather
A) Isaac Newton B) Francesco Maria Grimaldi C) James Gregory D) Augustin-Jean Fresnel
A) Inflexion B) Propagation C) Interference D) Diffraction
A) Emperor Nero B) Roger Bacon C) Ibn al-Haytham D) Seneca the Younger
A) Emperor Tiberius B) Emperor Augustus C) Emperor Nero D) Emperor Claudius
A) Ibn al-Haytham B) Roger Bacon C) Giovanni Faber D) Jacob Metius
A) Emperors B) Gladiators C) Tutors D) Monks
A) Shallower lenses magnified more effectively B) Concave lenses magnified more effectively than convex lenses C) Deeper lenses magnified more effectively D) Thicker glass spheres magnified more effectively
A) 1608 B) 1021 C) 1286 D) 1620
A) The Netherlands B) Egypt C) England D) Italy
A) Galileo Galilei B) Jacob Metius C) Hans Lippershey D) Isaac Newton
A) Hans Martens B) Jacob Metius C) Zacharias Janssen D) Cornelis Drebbel
A) 1608 B) 1620 C) 1590 D) 1668
A) Cornelis Drebbel B) Giovanni Faber C) Zacharias Janssen D) Hans Martens
A) Roger Bacon B) Giovanni Faber C) Jacob Metius D) Seneca the Younger |