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Homologation reaction - Quiz
Contributed by: Rooney
  • 1. What is the primary definition of a homologation reaction?
A) A reaction that removes functional groups from a molecule
B) A reaction that breaks down a molecule into smaller pieces
C) A process of purifying chemical compounds
D) A reaction converting a reactant into the next member of its homologous series
  • 2. By what constant unit do members of a homologous series typically differ?
A) A carboxyl (−COOH) group
B) A hydroxyl (−OH) group
C) A methylene (−CH2−) group
D) A methyl (−CH3) group
  • 3. Which reagent is commonly used to react with aldehydes or ketones to form the next homologue?
A) Diazomethane
B) Hydrochloric acid
C) Chromium trioxide
D) Potassium permanganate
  • 4. How many steps are involved in the Kiliani-Fischer synthesis?
A) Five steps
B) Four steps
C) Two steps
D) Three steps
  • 5. What is the first step of the Kiliani-Fischer synthesis?
A) Oxidation of the carbon chain
B) Hydrolysis to form a lactone
C) Nucleophilic addition of cyanide to the carbonyl
D) Reduction to form the aldose
  • 6. The Arndt–Eistert reaction is designed to convert a carboxylic acid into what?
A) A higher carboxylic acid homologue
B) An amino ester
C) A terminal alkyne
D) A lower carboxylic acid
  • 7. What intermediate is involved in the Kowalski ester homologation?
A) Ynolate
B) Lactone
C) Cyanohydrin
D) Diazoketone
  • 8. The Seyferth–Gilbert homologation converts an aldehyde into what?
A) A carboxylic acid
B) A terminal alkyne
C) A lactone
D) An amino ester
  • 9. Which reaction is considered a two-carbon homologation reaction?
A) Arndt–Eistert reaction
B) Gallagher–Hollander degradation
C) DeMayo reaction
D) Hooker reaction
  • 10. What is the result of the Gallagher–Hollander degradation?
A) Increase of chain length by 2 carbon atoms
B) Reduction of chain length by 2 carbon atoms
C) Conversion of an aldehyde to an alkyne
D) Addition of a methylene group
  • 11. In the Hooker reaction, by how many units is the alkyl chain reduced?
A) One methylene unit
B) Two methylene units
C) Four methylene units
D) Three methylene units
  • 12. What reagent is used in the Hooker reaction to cause oxidation?
A) Chromium trioxide
B) Thionyl chloride
C) Potassium permanganate
D) Diazomethane
  • 13. What byproduct is extruded during the decarboxylation step of the Hooker reaction?
A) Water
B) Hydrogen gas
C) Carbon dioxide
D) Nitrogen gas
  • 14. What is the final step in the Gallagher–Hollander degradation mentioned in the text?
A) Reduction of chlorine
B) Oxidation with chromium trioxide
C) Elimination with pyridine
D) Formation of acid chloride
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