- 1. The Intangible Component
Software refers to the programs, applications, and data that enable a computer to perform specific tasks. It is the non-physical component of a computer that tells the hardware what to do and how to do it. Without software, a computer is just an assembly of inert electronic components.
A) Software
B) Hardware
C) OS
- 2. The Physical Components
Hardware refers to the physical, tangible parts of a computer system. These are the components you can see, touch, and physically interact with. Hardware can be categorized into internal components (inside the system unit) and external peripherals (connected to the outside).
A) Software
B) Multimedia
C) Hardware
- 3. Manages and controls the hardware so that application software can run. Includes:
A) System Software
B) Application Software
C) Hardware
- 4. The most critical system software (Windows, macOS, Linux, Android, iOS). It manages memory, processes, devices, and files.
A) Firmware
B) Operating System (OS)
C) Device Drivers
- 5. Specialized programs that allow the OS to communicate with hardware devices (printer drivers, GPU drivers).
A) OS
B) Utility Programs
C) Device Drivers
- 6. Tools for maintaining the system — antivirus, disk cleanup, backup software, file compression.
A) Firmware
B) Productivity
C) Utility Programs
- 7. Software stored on a chip that initializes hardware when the computer is powered on and loads the OS.
A) Communication
B) Firmware (BIOS/UEFI)
C) Web Browsers
- 8. Programs designed to perform specific tasks for users. Examples:
A) Hardware
B) Software
C) Application Software
- 9. Microsoft Office, Google Docs, Adobe Acrobat
A) Productivity
B) Multimedia
C) Web Browsers
- 10. Chrome, Firefox, Edge, Safari
A) Web Browsers
B) Games and Entertainment
C) Multimedia
- 11. Photoshop, Premiere Pro, VLC Media Player
A) Multimedia
B) Development
C) Communication
- 12. Zoom, Skype, Slack, Discord
A) Communication
B) Multimedia
C) Database Management
- 13. Video games, streaming apps
A) Database Management
B) Games and Entertainment
C) Development
- 14. Visual Studio Code, Python, compilers
A) Multimedia
B) Development
C) Database Management
- 15. MySQL, Oracle, Microsoft Access
A) Productivity
B) Database management
C) Web Browser
- 16. Central Processing Unit
The "brain" of the computer — a silicon chip containing millions of transistors.
Executes instructions from programs; performs arithmetic, logic, control, and input/output operations. Speed measured in GHz.
A) GPU
B) CPU
C) RAM
- 17. Mainboard / System Board
The largest circuit board inside the computer.
Connects and facilitates communication between all components (CPU, RAM, storage, GPU). Contains slots, ports, and chipsets.
A) PSU
B) CMOS BATTERY
C) Motherboard
- 18. Temporary, volatile memory (data is lost when power is off).
Stores data and instructions cur in GB
A) RAM
B) Storage
C) BIOS/UEFI
- 19. HDD / SSD / NVMe
Permanent data storage device.
Stores the OS, applications, and personal files. SSDs are much faster than traditional HDDs. Measured in GB or TB.
A) NIC
B) Storage
C) Sounds Card
- 20. Graphics Processing Unit
Specialized processor for rendering graphics.
Handles rendering of images, videos, 3D graphics, and animations. Critical for gaming, video editing, and AI workloads.
A) RAM
B) GPU
C) PSU
- 21. Power Supply Unit
Converts AC power from the wall outlet to DC power.
Supplies regulated voltage to all internal components. Wattage must be sufficient for the system's demands
A) CPU
B) PSU
C) Motherboard
- 22. Heatsink / Fan / Liquid Cooling
Thermal management components.
Dissipates heat generated by the CPU, GPU, and other components to prevent overheating and throttling.
A) NIC
B) Cooling System
C) Sounds Card
- 23. Network Interface Card
Component enabling network connectivity.
Provides Ethernet (wired) or Wi-Fi (wireless) connection to a network or the internet.
A) NIC
B) CMOS battery
C) GPU
- 24. Audio Interface
Component for processing audio signals.
Converts digital audio data to analog signals for speakers/headphones. Often integrated into the motherboard
A) Internal
B) PSU
C) Sounds Card
- 25. Basic Input/Output System
Firmware stored on a memory chip on the motherboard.
Initializes and tests hardware during startup (POST), then loads the operating system. UEFI is the modern replacement for BIOS.
A) PSU
B) NIC
C) BIOS/UEFI
- 26. Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Battery
Small coin-cell battery (CR2032) on the motherboard.
Powers the CMOS memory that stores BIOS/UEFI settings (date, time, boot order) when the computer is turned off.
A) GPU
B) CMOS battery
C) PSU
- 27. Send Data to the Computer
Input devices allow users to enter data, commands, and controls into the computer system.
A) Communication
B) Development
C) Input Devices
- 28. Primary input for text, numbers, and commands. QWERTY layout is most common. Includes function keys, navigation keys, and numeric keypad.
A) Lightpen
B) Webcam
C) Keyboard
- 29. Pointing device for GUI navigation. Types: optical, laser, wireless. Includes left/right buttons and scroll wheel.
A) Scanner
B) Mouse
C) Microphone
- 30. Display that accepts touch input — common in smartphones, tablets, and modern laptops. Supports multi-touch gestures (pinch, swipe, tap).
A) Microphone
B) Touchscreen
C) Scanner
- 31. Converts physical documents, photos, or barcodes into digital images. Includes flatbed, sheet-fed, and handheld scanners.
A) HDD
B) Cloud Storage
C) Scanner
- 32. Captures audio input for voice recording, voice commands (Siri, Alexa), and communication (Zoom calls).
A) Microphone
B) Monitor
C) Printer
- 33. Digital camera for video recording and video conferencing. Built into most laptops and external for desktops.
A) Speaker
B) Light Pen
C) Webcam
- 34. Input devices for gaming and simulations. Provides precise control over movement and actions.
A) Plotter
B) Projector
C) Joystick/Gamepad
- 35. Scans barcodes and QR codes. Widely used in retail, logistics, and inventory management.
A) Barcode Reader
B) Biometric Scanner
C) Webcam
- 36. Reads fingerprints, facial features, or irises for security authentication.
A) Optical Disc
B) Digitize/Graphics Tablet
C) Biometric Scanner
- 37. Pointing device that detects light from the monitor. Used for selecting items on screen by pointing directly.
A) Webcam
B) Scanner
C) Lightpen
- 38. Allows drawing and handwriting input through a stylus. Used by graphic designers and digital artists.
A) Digitize/Graphics Tablet
B) Server
C) Monitor
- 39. Display Information from the Computer
Output devices present processed data from the computer to the user in a usable form.
A) Input Device
B) Storage Device
C) Output Devices
- 40. Primary visual output device. Displays text, images, videos, and GUIs. Types: LCD, LED, OLED. Resolution measured in pixels (1080p, 4K).
A) Speaker
B) Monitor
C) Printer
- 41. Produces physical copies of digital documents. Types: Inkjet (photo quality), Laser (fast text), 3D (physical objects).
A) Headphones/Earphones
B) Printer
C) Speaker
- 42. Converts electrical audio signals into sound. Used for music, system sounds, video playback, and alerts.
A) Speaker
B) VR Headset
C) Plotter
- 43. Personal audio output for private listening. Types: over-ear, in-ear, wireless (Bluetooth). Often include a built-in microphone.
A) Headphones/Earphones
B) Wearable
C) Tablet
- 44. Projects computer display onto a large screen or surface. Used in classrooms, meetings, and home theaters.
A) Braille Reader
B) Projector
C) Plotter
- 45. Large-format printer for engineering drawings, architectural blueprints, maps, and banners.
A) VR Headset
B) Braille Reader
C) Plotter
- 46. Converts on-screen text into Braille characters using small pins that rise and fall. Accessibility device for visually impaired users.
A) VR Headset
B) Destop PC
C) Braille Reader
- 47. Immersive visual output device for virtual and augmented reality experiences. Used in gaming, training simulations, and design.
A) Tablet
B) VR Headset
C) Server
- 48. Save Data
Storage devices are used to save files, applications, and the operating system for long-term retention.
A) Memory Card
B) Computer Performance Factors
C) Storage Devices
- 49. Hard Disk Drive
500 GB – 20 TB
Slow (5400–7200 RPM)
A) USB flash drive
B) SSD
C) HDD
- 50. Solid State Drive
120 GB – 8 TB
Fast (SATA or NVMe
A) SSD
B) Cloud Storage
C) Mainframe
- 51. Thumb drive
8 GB – 1 TB
Moderate (USB 3.0)
A) Wearable
B) CPU speed
C) USB flash drive
- 52. SD / microSD
32 GB – 1 TB
Varies (Class 10, UHS
A) Optical Disc
B) RAM size
C) Memory Card
- 53. CD / DVD / Blu-ray
700 MB – 50 GB
Slow
A) Cloud Storage
B) Network Attached Storage
C) Optical Disc
- 54. Google Drive, OneDrive, Dropbox
Varies (subscription)
Depends on internet speed
A) Internet Speed
B) Smartphone
C) Cloud Storage
- 55. Dedicated file server for home/office
Multiple TB
Network-dependent
A) Network Attached Storage ( NAS )
B) Tablet
C) Printer
- 56. Large (tower case)
Office, home, gaming, workstation
Dell OptiPlex, custom gaming PC
A) Laptop/Notebook
B) Tablet
C) Destop PC
- 57. Portable (clamshell)
Mobile work, school, travel
MacBook, Dell XPS, Lenovo ThinkPad
A) Laptop/Notebook
B) Wearable
C) CPU speed
- 58. Handheld
Media consumption, light productivity
iPad, Samsung Galaxy Tab, Surface Pro
A) Tablet
B) Smartphone
C) Mainframe
- 59. Pocket-sized
Communication, apps, camera, GPS
iPhone, Samsung Galaxy, Google Pixel
A) Mainframe
B) Smartphone
C) Server
- 60. Rack-mounted
Hosting websites, databases, network services
Dell PowerEdge, HP ProLiant
A) Projector
B) Plotter
C) Server
- 61. Large room
Enterprise data processing, banking, government
IBM zSeries
A) Storage type
B) Mainframe
C) RAM size
- 62. Building-sized
Scientific simulations, weather forecasting, AI training
Fugaku, Summit, IBM Watson
A) Supercomputer
B) Embedded systems
C) Wearable
- 63. Wrist-worn
Fitness tracking, notifications, health monitoring
Apple Watch, Fitbit, smart glasses
A) Tablet
B) GPU performance
C) Wearable
- 64. Small chip
Appliances, cars, IoT devices, medical devices
Arduino, Raspberry Pi, smart thermostat
A) Embedded systems
B) Cloud Storage
C) HDD
- 65. Measured in GHz — higher clock speed means faster instruction execution. Multi-core processors (dual-core, quad-core, octa-core) handle parallel tasks.
A) CPU speed
B) RAM size
C) Storage type
- 66. More RAM allows more programs to run simultaneously without slowdown. Typical systems: 8GB (basic), 16GB (standard), 32GB+ (power user).
A) RAM size
B) GPU performance
C) Storage type
- 67. SSDs are significantly faster than HDDs — reducing boot times from minutes to seconds.
A) Storage type
B) Internet speed
C) GPU performance
- 68. Important for graphics-intensive tasks like gaming, 3D modeling, and video editing.
A) Wearable
B) Internet Speed
C) GPU performance
- 69. Bandwidth (Mbps) and latency affect online performance, streaming quality, and downloads.
A) Storage type
B) Internet Speed
C) CPU speed
- 70. is a system of interconnected hardware and software components working together. Every component — from the CPU to the cooling fan — serves a specific function. Understanding these parts helps in building, upgrading, troubleshooting, and maintaining computer systems effectively. The quality of each component directly affects the overall performance of the system.
A) Computer
B) ICT
C) Digital
- 71. What is the four Key components of ICT?
A) Education, healthcare, Automation, rapid Innovation
B) Hardware, Software, network, Data and Data base
C) Internet, E-commerce, Smartphone, entertainment
- 72. What is the Two main types of Software?
A) System Software, Application Software
B) Hardware system
C) Internal System
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