- 1. These two soil characteristic determine soil structure
A) Organic mother and cation exchange capacity
B) Texture and organic matter
C) Texture and cation exchange capacity
D) B & C
- 2. The soil moisture at field capacity is equivalent to soil moisture measured in the laboratory at?
A) 2/3 bar
B) 15 bar
C) 1/3 bar
D) None of the above
- 3. Capillary movement in soils is very important in making water available to growing crops without the need to irrigate
A) None of the above
B) Hopefully any movement is the movement through soil particles below the profile and
C) Capillary movement is faster for soil particles greater than 0.002mm
D) Capillary movement of water is very slow for particles less than 0.002 mm
A) All force filled with water
B) Micropores filled with air
C) Macropores filled with air
D) Macropores filled with water
- 5. The laboratory procedure for determining soil textural class
A) Veitch method
B) Atterberg's limit
C) Feel method
D) Hydrometer method
- 6. The easeness movement of water within the soil is
A) Leaching
B) Infiltration
C) Permeability
D) Percolation
- 7. Mineralogy of soils is used in identifying names at this category
A) Order
B) Great group
C) Series
D) Family
- 8. This mineral belongs to a ferromagnesian mineral
A) Pyroxene
B) Quartz
C) Illite
D) Feldspar
- 9. This mineral does not belong to a clay silicate group
A) Kaolinite
B) Illite
C) Carbonates
D) Vermiculite
- 10. A 2:1 limited expanding type of clay is known as?
A) Illite
B) Halloysite
C) Montmorillonite
D) Vermiculite
- 11. Soil minerals that have no definite chemical composition are
A) Silicate minerals
B) Amorphous mineral
C) Soil clay
D) Clay minerals
- 12. The most table form of organic matter is?
A) Humus
B) Compost
C) Plant residue
D) Wormcast
- 13. The most stable state of soil silicon is?
A) Sulfunate
B) Hornblend
C) Carbonates
D) Quartz
- 14. The most reactive components of soil are?
A) Soil colloids
B) Soil surface area
C) Soil organism
D) Soil nutrient
- 15. Among the soil physical properties, this is the most permanent one
A) Structure
B) Bulk density
C) Texture
D) Particle density
- 16. Sandy soils posess higher
A) Macropores
B) Both A & C
C) None of the above
D) Micropores
- 17. Clay soil posses higher
A) Both A & C
B) None of the above
C) Intracrumb porosity
D) Total porosity
- 18. Soil type is composed of the soil serious name and
A) Soil consistency
B) Soil texture and structure
C) Soil structure
D) Soil texture
- 19. A subsurface horizon formed in part by the illuviation of Crystalline layer of Clays is
A) Natric
B) Argillic
C) Oxic
D) Cambric
- 20. The parent material of a mineral soil is designated as
A) BC
B) R
C) C
D) CB
- 21. The low active clay minerals are known as
A) Fe & Al oxide
B) Quartz
C) Vermiculite
D) Illite
- 22. A Crystalline soil colloids is known as
A) Organic matter
B) Clay
C) Mica
D) Kaolinite
- 23. A primary mineral which largely contribute potassium in the soil
A) Quartz
B) Feldspar
C) Illite
D) Mica
- 24. This mineral rapidly disappears from the sand and silt fraction of the soil
A) Calcium carbonate
B) Feldspar
C) Chlorite
D) Augite
- 25. Soil colloids with the highest cation exchange capacity
A) Organic matter
B) Allophane
C) Kaolinite
D) Montmorillonite
- 26. Mineral considered to be the only important romaterial in the manufacture of potassium fertilizer
A) Kainite
B) Biotite
C) Muscovite
D) Apatite
- 27. The quality of a soil that enables is to provide essential chemical elements in quantities and proportion for growth and specified plants
- 28. Deals with characteristic properties or reactions of a soil which are caused by physical forces and which can be described by equations
- 29. The sum of total operations, cropping, practices fertilizer and other treatment conducted on or applied to a soil for a production of plants
- 30. The combination or arrangement of primary soil particles into secondary particles unit s or peds
- 31. Deals with the combination of all management and land use method that safeguard the soil against depletion of and the deterioration caused by a nature and or human
- 32. The systematic examination, description, classification, and mapping of soils in an area
- 33. Systematic arrangement of soil into groups or categories on the basis of their characteristics
- 34. A approach considers soil as natural entity, a biochemically weathered and synthesized product of nature.
- 35. A approach conceives of soil as natural habitat of plants. It is the study of soil from stand point of higher plants. It is considered the various properties of soil as they relate to plant growth and production.
- 36. Characterize the chemical properties of the original rocks and minerals which constitute the materials from which soils are derived.
- 37. Study before your chemical reaction in the soil solution considering that soil is an open system.
- 38. The physical constitution particularly the structural properties of a third profile as exhibiting by the kind thickness and arrangement of the horizon in the profile and by the texture, structure, consistence, and porosity of each horizon
- 39. The mode of origin of the soil which is special reference to the processes responsible for the development of the solum or true soil form inconsolidated material
- 40. The arrangement of the land into units of various categories based upon the properties of the land or its suitability for some particular purpose
- 41. The development of plants for the uses of land that overlong period will best serve the general welfare together with the formulation of waste and means of achieving each uses
- 42. A natural body synthesized in a profile form from various mixture of broken, whethered, minerals, and the decayed organic materials that cover the earth in thin layer
- 45. Ionic form of phosphorus
A) HPO4
B) H2PO4-
- 46. Ionic form of nitrogen
A) NH4+
B) NO3-
- 50. Ionic form of manganese
A) Mn++
B) Mn+++
- 52. Ionic form of magnesium
- 53. Ionic form of potassium
- 54. Ionic form of hydrogen
A) H2O
B) H2
- 56. Ionic form of molybdenum
- 57. Ionic form of chlorine
- 59. Aggregate of one or more minerals.
- 60. Minerals that persist from original rock and appears prominently in the soil. These are primarily materials, the original minerals in the parent rocks.
- 61. Form under conditions of temperature and pressure found at the Earth's surface by weathering of pre-existing minerals
- 62. The group of processes were by rocks on exposure to the weather change in character decay and finally crumbled in soil
- 63. Rocks get broken into pieces but it's chemical composition the remains unchange
- 64. It occurs went some forces causes two rock surface to come together causing mechanical wearing or grinding on their surfaces
- 65. Tree and plant roots dig deep into small cracks and crevices, and as they grow they probably the rock apart
- 66. Weathering by growth of salt crystal takes place in deserts where evaporation grows groundwater containing use of salt upwards into the pores of the rock. When it water evaporates the soils are left behind as crystals
- 67. Low temperature cause water to freeze and expand by about 10% of its volume. If water seeps into cracks in rocks and then freezes, the pressure exerted by its expansion incapable of splitting the rocks.
- 68. When rock at Earth's surface is worn away. After a rock that has formed deep in the earth is exposed and expand and break into sheet
- 69. It takes one overlaying rocks removed by erosion. With the release of pressure the rocks expand causing stress within rock. Cracks are for parallel into the rock surface.
- 70. A process by which rocks are decomposed or dissolved by chemical processes to form residual materials
- 71. The process by which oxygen combined with water and minerals in rock such as calcium and magnesium. When iron cracks with oxygen radish brown iron oxide is formed.
- 72. Involves the reaction between mineral ions and ions of water and result in the decomposition of the rock surface by forming new compounds by increasing the pH of the solution involved through the release of hydroxide ions.
- 73. Process by which minerals in the rocks dissolve directly in water
- 74. Process by which carbon dioxide in rainwater or moisture in surrounding air forms carbonic acid and reacts with a mineral in the rocks. This process we can start does breaking it and down in the process
- 75. Process for minerals in their rock absorb water and expand, creating stress which causes disintegration of rocks
- 76. Weathering is a continuous process occuring in the soil profile, both in my parent material and soil solum even if it's on it's mature soilcondition already
A) False
B) True
C) Maybe
- 77. Originated from magma a hot fluid mass ot rock melt
- 78. Consolidated fragments of igneous and or metamorphic rock
- 79. Chemicaly and/or physically transform igneous and/or sedimentary rocks by means of heat and/or pressure
- 80. A soil factor which temperature and moisture influence by the speed of chemical reactions which in turn control how fast weathered and dead organism decomposed.
- 81. A soil factor which road roots are a powerful soil forming force cracking rocks as they grow and roots produce carbon dioxide that mixed with water and forms an acid that wears away rock.
- 82. The shape of the land and the direction in faces make difference in how much sunlight or soil gets and how much water it keeps.
- 83. Organic precursors to the soil. Inorganic and organic materials were soils this may originate.
- 84. Chemical and physical changes within the soil materials itself. The composition of organic matter into humus, weathering of primary minerals into secondary clay minerals.
- 85. Movement of soil constituents within the soil profile or between horizons. Clip articles washing down from the top soil to the subsoil
- 86. Remove all of soil constituents from the profile. The ocean by wind water or ice, leaching of minerals.
- 87. Adding new materials by face within the profile. Organic matter from deadlines or animals,dust deposition, soluble salts from groundwater.
- 88. Sticky and plastic when moist, mostly secondary, plate like our flake likteand some are tubular in shape.
- 89. Course, gritty, mostly primary minerals, cubic or spherical in shape
- 90. Smooth, powdery, mostly primary minerals, cubic or spherical in shape
- 91. Illuvial organic matter accumulation with 3 master horizon, indicates accumulation of illuvial amorphous.
- 92. Weathered or soft bedrock partly consolidated sandstone, siltstone, or shale.
- 93. Pedogenic exchangeable sodium accumulation
- 94. Permafrost, permanently frozen subsurface soil or ice
- 95. Accumulation of salts, more soluble than gymsum
- 96. Accumulation of silicate place that either form in the horizon or translocated by illuviation
- 97. Residual accumulation of sesquioxide
- 98. Slightly decompose organic material
- 99. Buried genetic horizon in a mineral soil
- 100. Moderately decomposed organic matter
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