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PES SS 1 Economics Term 1 Exam 2025-2026
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  • 1. Economics is a science which studies human behaviours as a relationship between ends and scarce means which have alternative uses. 'Ends' her refers to
A) wants
B) choice
C) resource
D) output
  • 2. What is the fundamental problem of economics as a discipline?
A) The allocation of resources among competing wants because there are unlimited wants limited resources
B) How to ensure continuous economic growth in the face of uncertainty
C) How to balance the needs of the economy with society and the environment
D) None
  • 3. Opportunity cost is a term which describe
A) The monetary equivalent of the utility of commodity
B) Alternate forgone
C) Implicit cost
D) Cost related to an optimum level of production
  • 4. Scale of preference refers to?
A) the household monthly income
B) consumers preference for luxury goods
C) list of goods and services in order of priority
D) budget perparation without paying due regard to priority
  • 5. The concept of choice in Economics refers to
A) None of the above
B) separating defective commodities from non-defective ones
C) selection of most pressing wants out of a range of alternatives
D) ranking of wants in an ascending order
  • 6. Which of the following best explains what to produce?
A) How many wants are to be satisfied
B) How much goods are to be produced
C) Which goods and services to be produced
D) The combination of resources to be used
  • 7. Which of these is NOT a basic economic problem of society?
A) efficiency of resource use
B) for whom to produce
C) scale of production
D) how to produce
  • 8. The basic problem concerned with production techniques is
A) efficient use if resources
B) none
C) where to produce
D) how to produce
  • 9. What is the result of unlimited wants and limited resources
A) none of the above
B) wants
C) scarcity
D) choice
  • 10. Scale of preference is important for the following reasons except in
A) making optimum allocation of resources
B) satisfying wants
C) making rational
D) using scarce resources efficiently
  • 11. Which of the following factors does not determine the size of a firm
A) Government policies
B) The market
C) Capital
D) Illiteracy
  • 12. Who defined economics as the science of wealth
A) Adam Smith
B) Bill Gates
C) A.C Pigou
D) Alfred Marshal
  • 13. Economics belong to a group of subject called
A) National sciences
B) Physical sciences
C) Social sciences
D) None of the above
  • 14. Which of the following is not a scientific method of economics
A) Wants
B) Collection of data
C) Observation
D) Formulation of hypothesis
  • 15. Wants can be defined as
A) Expression of cost
B) An insatiable desire of need by human being
C) Financial prudence
D) Limited supply of resources
  • 16. Who defined economics as the science of material welfare
A) A.C Pigou
B) John Stuart Mill
C) Mr Bean
D) Lionel C Robbins
  • 17. Alfred Marshal defined economics as the study of
A) None
B) Production and distribution
C) Wealth
D) Mankind
  • 18. __refers to the level of involvement of labour and machines
A) Technological advancement
B) Production function
C) Technique of production
D) Factors of production
  • 19. The two techniques of production are
A) Labour and capital intensive
B) Choice and scarcity
C) Demand and supply
D) Wants and needs
  • 20. Which of the following is not a factor of production
A) capital
B) labour
C) land
D) machine
  • 21. The limited supply of resources which are used for the satisfaction of human wants is
A) Scarcity
B) Needs
C) Choice
D) Wants
  • 22. The following are the basic concepts of economics except
A) Choice
B) Resources
C) Wants
D) Opportunity cost
  • 23. Which of the following is not a scientific method being adopted in economics
A) Collecting of data
B) Formulating laws
C) Observation
D) Evaluation
  • 24. Which economist defined economics as the science of material welfare
A) Adam Smith
B) A.C pigou
C) None of the above
D) H.J davenport
  • 25. Economics was concerned with how people produce and distribute various goods and services that are required for the maintenance of human existence according to
A) Lauren johnson
B) Alfred Marshal
C) John Stuart Mill
D) Lionel Robbins
  • 26. Which technique employs more labor and less capital equipment and machines
A) Labour intensive
B) None
C) Capital intensive
D) Labour and capital intensive
  • 27. A graph made up of bars of rectangles which are of equal width and whose lengths are proportional to the quantities they represent is
A) Pictogram
B) Histogram
C) Pie chart
D) Bars Charts
  • 28. What type of chart is used when the data given are made up of only one item or component
A) Component bar chart
B) All of the above
C) Multiple bar chart
D) Simple bar chart
  • 29. Which is used when data involved are of two variables
A) Component bar chart
B) Simple bar chart
C) None
D) Multiple bar chart
  • 30. A simple circle of any convenient size which is divided into sections or sectors is
A) Pie charts
B) Bar chart
C) Single bar chart
D) Multiple bar chart
  • 31. A line used for data where emphasis is on a continuous change is
A) Charts
B) Table
C) All of the above
D) Line graph
  • 32. Which of the following is not a feature of a graph
A) They must be labeled properly for better understanding
B) They must have a title
C) The must be numbered
D) Graph must possess appropriate scales
  • 33. A systematic and orderly arrangement of information, facts or data using rows and columns for presentation
A) Graph
B) None
C) Charts
D) Table
  • 34. Which if the following is not a tool for economic analysis
A) Graph
B) Table
C) Variable
D) Pictogram
  • 35. If the amount of 30 million naira was being received by the health sector out of a total of 100 million naira, what degree of it would be represented on a pie chart
A) 105 degree
B) 108 degree
C) 90 degree
D) 100 degree
  • 36. If the amount of 20 million naira was being received by the Agricultural sector out of a total of 100 million naira, what degree of it would be represented on a pie chart
A) 80 degree
B) 85 degree
C) 72 degree
D) 75 degree
  • 37. The pie chart is measured with the aid of a mathematical device called a
A) Protractor
B) Both
C) Compass
D) None
  • 38. Which of the following factors does not determine the type of business units
A) The return on investment
B) Problem of market limitation
C) Availability of capital
D) The payback period
  • 39. The following factors determine the size of a firm except
A) Government policies
B) Capital
C) Stages of development
D) Entrepreneur ability
  • 40. A type of business or organization which is owned, controlled and managed by the government is
A) None of the above
B) Private enterprises
C) Public enterprises
D) Joint ventureship
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