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PES SS 1 Economics Term 1 Exam 2025-2026
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  • 1. Economics is a science which studies human behaviours as a relationship between ends and scarce means which have alternative uses. 'Ends' her refers to
A) choice
B) wants
C) resource
D) output
  • 2. What is the fundamental problem of economics as a discipline?
A) The allocation of resources among competing wants because there are unlimited wants limited resources
B) None
C) How to ensure continuous economic growth in the face of uncertainty
D) How to balance the needs of the economy with society and the environment
  • 3. Opportunity cost is a term which describe
A) Cost related to an optimum level of production
B) Alternate forgone
C) Implicit cost
D) The monetary equivalent of the utility of commodity
  • 4. Scale of preference refers to?
A) list of goods and services in order of priority
B) budget perparation without paying due regard to priority
C) the household monthly income
D) consumers preference for luxury goods
  • 5. The concept of choice in Economics refers to
A) separating defective commodities from non-defective ones
B) selection of most pressing wants out of a range of alternatives
C) ranking of wants in an ascending order
D) None of the above
  • 6. Which of the following best explains what to produce?
A) Which goods and services to be produced
B) The combination of resources to be used
C) How much goods are to be produced
D) How many wants are to be satisfied
  • 7. Which of these is NOT a basic economic problem of society?
A) efficiency of resource use
B) for whom to produce
C) scale of production
D) how to produce
  • 8. The basic problem concerned with production techniques is
A) where to produce
B) how to produce
C) none
D) efficient use if resources
  • 9. What is the result of unlimited wants and limited resources
A) none of the above
B) scarcity
C) choice
D) wants
  • 10. Scale of preference is important for the following reasons except in
A) making optimum allocation of resources
B) making rational
C) using scarce resources efficiently
D) satisfying wants
  • 11. Which of the following factors does not determine the size of a firm
A) The market
B) Government policies
C) Capital
D) Illiteracy
  • 12. Who defined economics as the science of wealth
A) A.C Pigou
B) Alfred Marshal
C) Adam Smith
D) Bill Gates
  • 13. Economics belong to a group of subject called
A) Physical sciences
B) Social sciences
C) None of the above
D) National sciences
  • 14. Which of the following is not a scientific method of economics
A) Formulation of hypothesis
B) Wants
C) Collection of data
D) Observation
  • 15. Wants can be defined as
A) Financial prudence
B) An insatiable desire of need by human being
C) Expression of cost
D) Limited supply of resources
  • 16. Who defined economics as the science of material welfare
A) Mr Bean
B) A.C Pigou
C) John Stuart Mill
D) Lionel C Robbins
  • 17. Alfred Marshal defined economics as the study of
A) Wealth
B) Mankind
C) None
D) Production and distribution
  • 18. __refers to the level of involvement of labour and machines
A) Production function
B) Technique of production
C) Factors of production
D) Technological advancement
  • 19. The two techniques of production are
A) Wants and needs
B) Choice and scarcity
C) Labour and capital intensive
D) Demand and supply
  • 20. Which of the following is not a factor of production
A) capital
B) land
C) machine
D) labour
  • 21. The limited supply of resources which are used for the satisfaction of human wants is
A) Scarcity
B) Wants
C) Needs
D) Choice
  • 22. The following are the basic concepts of economics except
A) Wants
B) Opportunity cost
C) Resources
D) Choice
  • 23. Which of the following is not a scientific method being adopted in economics
A) Formulating laws
B) Collecting of data
C) Observation
D) Evaluation
  • 24. Which economist defined economics as the science of material welfare
A) Adam Smith
B) None of the above
C) A.C pigou
D) H.J davenport
  • 25. Economics was concerned with how people produce and distribute various goods and services that are required for the maintenance of human existence according to
A) John Stuart Mill
B) Lauren johnson
C) Lionel Robbins
D) Alfred Marshal
  • 26. Which technique employs more labor and less capital equipment and machines
A) Capital intensive
B) Labour intensive
C) None
D) Labour and capital intensive
  • 27. A graph made up of bars of rectangles which are of equal width and whose lengths are proportional to the quantities they represent is
A) Pie chart
B) Pictogram
C) Bars Charts
D) Histogram
  • 28. What type of chart is used when the data given are made up of only one item or component
A) Multiple bar chart
B) Simple bar chart
C) Component bar chart
D) All of the above
  • 29. Which is used when data involved are of two variables
A) Simple bar chart
B) None
C) Multiple bar chart
D) Component bar chart
  • 30. A simple circle of any convenient size which is divided into sections or sectors is
A) Single bar chart
B) Bar chart
C) Multiple bar chart
D) Pie charts
  • 31. A line used for data where emphasis is on a continuous change is
A) Table
B) Line graph
C) All of the above
D) Charts
  • 32. Which of the following is not a feature of a graph
A) They must be labeled properly for better understanding
B) Graph must possess appropriate scales
C) The must be numbered
D) They must have a title
  • 33. A systematic and orderly arrangement of information, facts or data using rows and columns for presentation
A) Table
B) Graph
C) None
D) Charts
  • 34. Which if the following is not a tool for economic analysis
A) Variable
B) Graph
C) Table
D) Pictogram
  • 35. If the amount of 30 million naira was being received by the health sector out of a total of 100 million naira, what degree of it would be represented on a pie chart
A) 90 degree
B) 108 degree
C) 100 degree
D) 105 degree
  • 36. If the amount of 20 million naira was being received by the Agricultural sector out of a total of 100 million naira, what degree of it would be represented on a pie chart
A) 75 degree
B) 85 degree
C) 72 degree
D) 80 degree
  • 37. The pie chart is measured with the aid of a mathematical device called a
A) Compass
B) Protractor
C) None
D) Both
  • 38. Which of the following factors does not determine the type of business units
A) The return on investment
B) Availability of capital
C) Problem of market limitation
D) The payback period
  • 39. The following factors determine the size of a firm except
A) Entrepreneur ability
B) Stages of development
C) Capital
D) Government policies
  • 40. A type of business or organization which is owned, controlled and managed by the government is
A) Private enterprises
B) None of the above
C) Public enterprises
D) Joint ventureship
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