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PES SS 1 Economics Term 1 Exam 2025-2026
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  • 1. Economics is a science which studies human behaviours as a relationship between ends and scarce means which have alternative uses. 'Ends' her refers to
A) choice
B) wants
C) output
D) resource
  • 2. What is the fundamental problem of economics as a discipline?
A) How to ensure continuous economic growth in the face of uncertainty
B) The allocation of resources among competing wants because there are unlimited wants limited resources
C) How to balance the needs of the economy with society and the environment
D) None
  • 3. Opportunity cost is a term which describe
A) Implicit cost
B) The monetary equivalent of the utility of commodity
C) Cost related to an optimum level of production
D) Alternate forgone
  • 4. Scale of preference refers to?
A) list of goods and services in order of priority
B) consumers preference for luxury goods
C) budget perparation without paying due regard to priority
D) the household monthly income
  • 5. The concept of choice in Economics refers to
A) separating defective commodities from non-defective ones
B) ranking of wants in an ascending order
C) selection of most pressing wants out of a range of alternatives
D) None of the above
  • 6. Which of the following best explains what to produce?
A) The combination of resources to be used
B) How much goods are to be produced
C) How many wants are to be satisfied
D) Which goods and services to be produced
  • 7. Which of these is NOT a basic economic problem of society?
A) efficiency of resource use
B) how to produce
C) for whom to produce
D) scale of production
  • 8. The basic problem concerned with production techniques is
A) how to produce
B) where to produce
C) none
D) efficient use if resources
  • 9. What is the result of unlimited wants and limited resources
A) wants
B) none of the above
C) choice
D) scarcity
  • 10. Scale of preference is important for the following reasons except in
A) making optimum allocation of resources
B) making rational
C) using scarce resources efficiently
D) satisfying wants
  • 11. Which of the following factors does not determine the size of a firm
A) The market
B) Illiteracy
C) Government policies
D) Capital
  • 12. Who defined economics as the science of wealth
A) Adam Smith
B) A.C Pigou
C) Alfred Marshal
D) Bill Gates
  • 13. Economics belong to a group of subject called
A) National sciences
B) Social sciences
C) None of the above
D) Physical sciences
  • 14. Which of the following is not a scientific method of economics
A) Observation
B) Collection of data
C) Formulation of hypothesis
D) Wants
  • 15. Wants can be defined as
A) Financial prudence
B) Limited supply of resources
C) An insatiable desire of need by human being
D) Expression of cost
  • 16. Who defined economics as the science of material welfare
A) A.C Pigou
B) Lionel C Robbins
C) Mr Bean
D) John Stuart Mill
  • 17. Alfred Marshal defined economics as the study of
A) Wealth
B) Production and distribution
C) None
D) Mankind
  • 18. __refers to the level of involvement of labour and machines
A) Factors of production
B) Production function
C) Technological advancement
D) Technique of production
  • 19. The two techniques of production are
A) Wants and needs
B) Demand and supply
C) Choice and scarcity
D) Labour and capital intensive
  • 20. Which of the following is not a factor of production
A) land
B) machine
C) labour
D) capital
  • 21. The limited supply of resources which are used for the satisfaction of human wants is
A) Choice
B) Wants
C) Scarcity
D) Needs
  • 22. The following are the basic concepts of economics except
A) Wants
B) Resources
C) Choice
D) Opportunity cost
  • 23. Which of the following is not a scientific method being adopted in economics
A) Observation
B) Evaluation
C) Collecting of data
D) Formulating laws
  • 24. Which economist defined economics as the science of material welfare
A) H.J davenport
B) None of the above
C) A.C pigou
D) Adam Smith
  • 25. Economics was concerned with how people produce and distribute various goods and services that are required for the maintenance of human existence according to
A) Lionel Robbins
B) Lauren johnson
C) Alfred Marshal
D) John Stuart Mill
  • 26. Which technique employs more labor and less capital equipment and machines
A) Labour intensive
B) Labour and capital intensive
C) None
D) Capital intensive
  • 27. A graph made up of bars of rectangles which are of equal width and whose lengths are proportional to the quantities they represent is
A) Histogram
B) Pie chart
C) Pictogram
D) Bars Charts
  • 28. What type of chart is used when the data given are made up of only one item or component
A) Component bar chart
B) Simple bar chart
C) Multiple bar chart
D) All of the above
  • 29. Which is used when data involved are of two variables
A) None
B) Multiple bar chart
C) Simple bar chart
D) Component bar chart
  • 30. A simple circle of any convenient size which is divided into sections or sectors is
A) Single bar chart
B) Multiple bar chart
C) Pie charts
D) Bar chart
  • 31. A line used for data where emphasis is on a continuous change is
A) Charts
B) Line graph
C) All of the above
D) Table
  • 32. Which of the following is not a feature of a graph
A) They must have a title
B) They must be labeled properly for better understanding
C) Graph must possess appropriate scales
D) The must be numbered
  • 33. A systematic and orderly arrangement of information, facts or data using rows and columns for presentation
A) Table
B) None
C) Graph
D) Charts
  • 34. Which if the following is not a tool for economic analysis
A) Pictogram
B) Graph
C) Table
D) Variable
  • 35. If the amount of 30 million naira was being received by the health sector out of a total of 100 million naira, what degree of it would be represented on a pie chart
A) 108 degree
B) 90 degree
C) 100 degree
D) 105 degree
  • 36. If the amount of 20 million naira was being received by the Agricultural sector out of a total of 100 million naira, what degree of it would be represented on a pie chart
A) 72 degree
B) 80 degree
C) 85 degree
D) 75 degree
  • 37. The pie chart is measured with the aid of a mathematical device called a
A) Both
B) Compass
C) None
D) Protractor
  • 38. Which of the following factors does not determine the type of business units
A) The payback period
B) The return on investment
C) Availability of capital
D) Problem of market limitation
  • 39. The following factors determine the size of a firm except
A) Capital
B) Stages of development
C) Government policies
D) Entrepreneur ability
  • 40. A type of business or organization which is owned, controlled and managed by the government is
A) Joint ventureship
B) None of the above
C) Private enterprises
D) Public enterprises
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