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Lake Baikal - Test
Contributed by: Maguire
  • 1. Where is Lake Baikal located?
A) Russia
B) Canada
C) China
D) USA
  • 2. What is the deepest lake in the world?
A) Lake Superior
B) Lake Baikal
C) Lake Tanganyika
D) Caspian Sea
  • 3. Which animals are native to Lake Baikal?
A) Baikal seal
B) Giraffe
C) Kangaroo
D) Polar bear
  • 4. How many rivers flow into Lake Baikal?
A) 512
B) 273
C) 336
D) 157
  • 5. When was Lake Baikal declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site?
A) 1970
B) 1996
C) 2020
D) 2005
  • 6. How many islands are there in Lake Baikal?
A) 27
B) 10
C) 5
D) 50
  • 7. Which city located near Lake Baikal is a popular tourist destination?
A) Paris
B) Irkutsk
C) New York
D) Tokyo
  • 8. What is the primary threat to Lake Baikal's ecosystem?
A) Invasive species
B) Climate change
C) Pollution
D) Overfishing
  • 9. What is the maximum depth of Lake Baikal?
A) 1,642 meters
B) 3,000 meters
C) 500 meters
D) 800 meters
  • 10. What percentage of the world's fresh surface water does Lake Baikal contain?
A) 10–15%
B) 22–23%
C) 40–45%
D) 30–35%
  • 11. How old is Lake Baikal estimated to be?
A) 50–60 million years
B) 25–30 million years
C) 100–120 million years
D) 10–15 million years
  • 12. How much does the Baikal Rift Zone widen each year?
A) About 1 mm
B) About 4 mm
C) About 10 mm
D) About 20 mm
  • 13. How many basins does Lake Baikal have?
A) Two
B) Three
C) Four
D) Five
  • 14. Which river is the main outlet of Lake Baikal?
A) The Yenisey
B) The Selenga
C) The Angara
D) The Barguzin
  • 15. Which is the largest island in Lake Baikal?
A) Yenisey
B) Baikal
C) Olkhon
D) Lena
  • 16. How many inflowing rivers does Lake Baikal have?
A) 500
B) 10
C) 100
D) As many as 330
  • 17. Which of the following is not a main river draining directly into Baikal?
A) The Yenisey
B) The Barguzin
C) The Selenga
D) The Upper Angara
  • 18. What is the estimated volume of water in Lake Baikal?
A) 10,000 km3
B) 5,000 km3
C) 23,615.39 km3
D) 30,000 km3
  • 19. What is the mean winter minimum temperature in Buryatia near Lake Baikal?
A) −10 °C
B) 0 °C
C) −19 °C
D) −30 °C
  • 20. What is the mean summer maximum temperature in Buryatia near Lake Baikal?
A) 30 °C
B) 25 °C
C) 14 °C
D) 20 °C
  • 21. What is the name of the region to the east of Lake Baikal?
A) Siberia
B) Transbaikalia
C) Buryatia
D) Irkutsk
  • 22. What is the name of the region around Lake Baikal?
A) Buryatia
B) Baikalia
C) Irkutsk
D) Siberia
  • 23. What is the name of the ridge separating the North and Central basins of Lake Baikal?
A) Barguzin Ridge
B) Academician Ridge
C) Siberian Ridge
D) Baikal Ridge
  • 24. What is the name of the area separating the Central and South basins of Lake Baikal?
A) Baikal Saddle
B) Buguldeika Saddle
C) Siberian Saddle
D) Barguzin Saddle
  • 25. What is the name of the cape on Baikal's northwest coast?
A) Cape Siberia
B) Cape Baikal
C) Cape Buryatia
D) Cape Ryty
  • 26. What is the name of the mountain range on the northeastern shore of Lake Baikal?
A) The Barguzin Range
B) The Siberian Range
C) The Altai Range
D) The Ural Range
  • 27. What is the name of the mountain range stretching along the western shore of Lake Baikal?
A) The Altai Range
B) The Siberian Range
C) The Primorsky Range
D) The Ural Range
  • 28. When does the upper 300 m of Lake Baikal become homothermic at around 4 °C?
A) Throughout the year
B) In May–June and again in October–November
C) In July–August
D) In December–January
  • 29. How many species of plants are currently known to inhabit Lake Baikal?
A) More than 2,500 species
B) More than 1,000 species
C) Less than 500 species
D) Exactly 1,500 species
  • 30. Which of the following is an invasive plant species in Lake Baikal?
A) Elodea canadensis
B) Cirsium palustre
C) Potamogeton
D) Ulothrix
  • 31. Which of these mammals was historically found near Lake Baikal but is no longer present?
A) European bison (Bison bonasus)
B) Siberian musk deer (Moschus moschiferus)
C) Amur leopard (Panthera pardus orientalis)
D) Snow leopard (Panthera uncia)
  • 32. How many species of submerged macrophytes have been recorded in Lake Baikal?
A) Exactly 50 species
B) Less than 30 species
C) More than 85 species
D) About 100 species
  • 33. Which of the following is not a genus of submerged macrophytes found in Lake Baikal?
A) Potamogeton
B) Myriophyllum
C) Ulothrix
D) Ceratophyllum
  • 34. Which genus of green algae is found deeper than 30 meters in Lake Baikal?
A) Tetraspora
B) Aegagrophila
C) Ulothrix
D) Draparnaldioides
  • 35. Which of the following mammals is not typically found around Lake Baikal?
A) Siberian tiger (Panthera tigris tigris)
B) Eurasian wolf (Canis lupus lupus)
C) Brown bear (Ursus arctos)
D) Siberian roe deer (Capreolus pygargus)
  • 36. Which of the following is a land mammal found around Lake Baikal?
A) Baikal seal (Pusa sibirica)
B) Moose (Alces alces)
C) Elodea canadensis
D) Draparnaldioides
  • 37. Which of these mammals is known for its presence in the Eurasian region and can be found around Lake Baikal?
A) Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra)
B) Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus)
C) Kangaroo (Macropus sp.)
D) African elephant (Loxodonta africana)
  • 38. Which of the following is a genus of green algae found in Lake Baikal?
A) Canis
B) Lutra
C) Ursus
D) Cladophora
  • 39. Which of these species is not a type of squirrel found around Lake Baikal?
A) Siberian chipmunk (Eutamias sibiricus)
B) Both B and C
C) Eastern gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis)
D) Red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris)
  • 40. Which of the following mammals is known for its distinctive white winter coat found around Lake Baikal?
A) Eurasian wolf (Canis lupus lupus)
B) Snow leopard (Panthera uncia)
C) Red fox (Vulpes vulpes)
D) Siberian tiger (Panthera tigris tigris)
  • 41. Which of the following is a type of deer found around Lake Baikal?
A) Siberian roe deer (Capreolus pygargus)
B) Mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus)
C) Both B and C
D) White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus)
  • 42. Which of the following mammals is known for its musky scent and is found around Lake Baikal?
A) Siberian tiger (Panthera tigris tigris)
B) Red fox (Vulpes vulpes)
C) Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra)
D) Siberian musk deer (Moschus moschiferus)
  • 43. Which of the following is a type of bear found around Lake Baikal?
A) Polar bear (Ursus maritimus)
B) Black bear (Ursus americanus)
C) Brown bear (Ursus arctos)
D) Both B and C
  • 44. Which of the following mammals is known for its agility and climbing abilities around Lake Baikal?
A) Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra)
B) Siberian tiger (Panthera tigris tigris)
C) Siberian chipmunk (Eutamias sibiricus)
D) Moose (Alces alces)
  • 45. Which of the following is a type of hare found around Lake Baikal?
A) Both B and C
B) Black-tailed jackrabbit (Lepus californicus)
C) European hare (Lepus europaeus)
D) Mountain hare (Lepus timidus)
  • 46. How many species of birds inhabit Lake Baikal?
A) 500
B) 300
C) 150
D) 236
  • 47. How many of the bird species at Lake Baikal are waterfowl?
A) 29
B) 50
C) 200
D) 100
  • 48. At what depths do the golomyanka species typically live in Lake Baikal?
A) 50–100 m
B) 10–50 m
C) 500–1000 m
D) 100–500 m
  • 49. Which fish is the primary prey of the Baikal seal?
A) Baikal black grayling
B) Omul
C) Golomyanka
D) Baikal sturgeon
  • 50. What is the most important local fish species for fisheries in Lake Baikal?
A) Baikal sturgeon
B) Omul
C) Golomyanka
D) Baikal white grayling
  • 51. Which endemic whitefish species is caught and smoked for sale around Lake Baikal?
A) Thymallus baicalensis
B) Coregonus baicalensis
C) Acipenser baerii baicalensis
D) Coregonus migratorius
  • 52. Which amphipod species is known for living its entire life in the water column?
A) Macrohectopus branickii
B) Pachyschesis
C) Garjajewia
D) Abyssogammarus
  • 53. Which family do all isopods in Lake Baikal belong to?
A) Asellidae
B) Acanthogammaridae
C) Candonidae
D) Cytherideidae
  • 54. What is the estimated percentage of the total biomass made up by Epischurella baikalensis in Lake Baikal?
A) 80 to 90%
B) 30 to 40%
C) 10 to 20%
D) 50 to 60%
  • 55. How many cubic kilometers of water do Epischurella baikalensis filter annually in Lake Baikal?
A) A thousand
B) Ten thousand
C) Five hundred
D) A hundred
  • 56. Which family of ostracods in Lake Baikal has more than 100 described species?
A) Cytherideidae
B) Candonidae
C) Acanthogammaridae
D) Asellidae
  • 57. How many endemic freshwater snail species are known from Lake Baikal?
A) 150
B) 30
C) 117
D) 200
  • 58. Which of the following is a common species of Baikal snails?
A) Lubomirskia baikalensis
B) Baikalospongia bacillifera
C) Megalovalvata baicalensis
D) Benedictia baicalensis
  • 59. How many described species of aquatic freshwater oligochaetes are there in Lake Baikal?
A) 150
B) 4
C) 30
D) Almost 200
  • 60. What is the largest flatworm species in Lake Baikal?
A) Lubomirskia baikalensis
B) Megalovalvata baicalensis
C) Benedictia baicalensis
D) Baikaloplana valida
  • 61. How many species of sponges are known to occur in Lake Baikal?
A) 30
B) At least 18
C) 200
D) 150
  • 62. Which family do most of the endemic sponges in Lake Baikal belong to?
A) Euglesidae
B) Lubomirskiidae
C) Pisidiidae
D) Spongillidae
  • 63. What percentage of the benthic animal biomass in Lake Baikal is made up by sponges?
A) 60%
B) Around 44%
C) 10%
D) 30%
  • 64. What are the common colors of sponges in Lake Baikal when alive?
A) Black, white, or gray
B) Orange, pink, or violet
C) Green, brownish, or yellowish
D) Red, blue, or purple
  • 65. What is the name of the young human male whose remains were found near the village of Mal'ta?
A) Baikal Man
B) Buryat Boy
C) Mal'ta Boy
D) Kurykan Boy
  • 66. What culture is associated with the remains of Mal'ta Boy?
A) Kurykan culture
B) Xiongnu culture
C) Buryat culture
D) Mal'ta–Buret' culture
  • 67. What was Lake Baikal called by the Kurykans?
A) Much water
B) North Sea
C) Rich lake
D) Natural lake
  • 68. What name did the Buryats give to Lake Baikal?
A) Much water
B) Rich lake
C) Baygal nuur
D) North Sea
  • 69. Which dynasty controlled Lake Baikal from 647 CE to 682 CE?
A) Tang dynasty
B) Han dynasty
C) Xiongnu confederation
D) Russian Empire
  • 70. What was the Russian expansion into the Buryat area around Lake Baikal part of?
A) The Great Siberian Ice March
B) The Russian conquest of Siberia
C) The construction of the SS Baikal
D) The establishment of the Trans-Siberian Railway
  • 71. Who may have been the first Russian to reach the Lena River?
A) Maksim Perfilyev
B) Vikhor Savin
C) Demid Pyanda
D) Petr Beketov
  • 72. In which year did Kurbat Ivanov first see Lake Baikal?
A) 1652
B) 1628
C) 1635
D) 1643
  • 73. What was the name of the first European to see Lake Baikal?
A) Petr Beketov
B) Demid Pyanda
C) Kurbat Ivanov
D) Maksim Perfilyev
  • 74. Who headed the hydrogeographical expedition that produced the first detailed contour map of Lake Baikal's bed?
A) Kurbat Ivanov
B) F.K. Drizhenko
C) Petr Beketov
D) Maksim Perfilyev
  • 75. What did the Russian explorers collect from the Buryats in 1628?
A) Furs
B) Silver
C) Gold
D) Yasak (tribute)
  • 76. Which river did Maksim Perfilyev cross in 1638 to reach the Lena River?
A) Selenga River
B) Uda River
C) Ilim portage
D) Barguzin River
  • 77. What nickname is given to Lake Baikal in relation to Lake Khövsgöl?
A) Mother of Sister Lakes
B) Younger sister of Sister Lakes
C) Twin of Sister Lakes
D) Older sister of Sister Lakes
  • 78. What was the name of the punitive expedition that restored Bratsk in 1635?
A) Khripunov
B) Beketov
C) Radukovskii
D) Perfilyev
  • 79. What did Ivan Pokhabov explore in 1644?
A) The lower Selenge River
B) The Uda River
C) The upper Lena River
D) The Khilok River
  • 80. What was the name of the first Russian to explore Tungus country on the lower Angara?
A) Petr Beketov
B) Vikhor Savin
C) Maksim Perfilyev
D) Demid Pyanda
  • 81. What did the Russians hear about in 1609 at Tomsk?
A) The Amur country
B) The Trans-Siberian Railway
C) The Buryats
D) The Great Siberian Ice March
  • 82. Which organization is an independent research entity working on Lake Baikal?
A) Russian Governmental Organization
B) Baikal Submersible Operations
C) Lake Baikal Environmental Agency
D) The Baikalian Research Centre
  • 83. Who holds the record for the deepest freshwater dive in Lake Baikal?
A) Vladimir Putin
B) The crew of Mir-1 and Mir-2
C) Anatoly Sagalevich
D) Artur Chilingarov
  • 84. In which year did Anatoly Sagalevich set the record for the deepest freshwater dive in Lake Baikal?
A) 1993
B) 1990
C) 2000
D) 2008
  • 85. What is the name of the submersible used by Anatoly Sagalevich to set the deepest freshwater dive record?
A) BDUNT
B) Mir-2
C) Pisces
D) Mir-1
  • 86. Who led the 2008 mission involving Mir-1 and Mir-2 submersibles?
A) The leader of the Baikalian Research Centre
B) Artur Chilingarov
C) Vladimir Putin
D) Anatoly Sagalevich
  • 87. How many optical modules does the Baikal Neutrino Telescope NT-200 consist of?
A) 150
B) 200
C) 250
D) 192
  • 88. Since which year has neutrino research been conducted at the Baikal Deep Underwater Neutrino Telescope?
A) 2008
B) 2000
C) 1993
D) 1990
  • 89. Who is one of the investors planning to build hotels near Lake Baikal?
A) Viktor Grigorov
B) Viktor Medvedev
C) Viktor Putin
D) Viktor Yanukovych
  • 90. In what year did the Russian government declare the Baikal region a special economic zone?
A) 2012
B) 2007
C) 2005
D) 2010
  • 91. Which organization built the Frolikha Adventure Coastline Track?
A) WWF
B) Greenpeace
C) UNESCO
D) Baikalplan (a German NGO)
  • 92. What is the planned investment by Rosatom in the Baikal region?
A) $2.5 billion
B) $1.5 billion
C) $2 billion
D) $3 billion
  • 93. How many foreign tourists visited Lake Baikal in 2014?
A) 120,000
B) 146,937
C) 100,000
D) 200,000
  • 94. Which village is the starting point for the ice road to Olkhon Island?
A) Turka
B) Kurkut
C) Listvyanka
D) Irkutsk
  • 95. What is the maximum thickness of the ice on the ice road to Olkhon Island?
A) 80 cm
B) 50 cm
C) 60 cm
D) 70 cm
  • 96. During which season can tourists safely drive on the ice cover of Lake Baikal?
A) Ice season
B) Autumn season
C) Spring season
D) Summer season
  • 97. Which island is accessible via the ice route around Olkhon?
A) Turka Island
B) Listvyanka Island
C) Ogoy Island
D) Kotelnikovsky Island
  • 98. What is the most-populated village on Olkhon Island?
A) Irkutskaya
B) Khuzhir
C) Kurkut
D) Listvyanka
  • 99. What activity is popular in Baikal's summer season?
A) Ice-fishing
B) Bird-watching
C) Ice-walking
D) Ice-skating
  • 100. Which gulf in Lake Baikal can be comfortable for swimming?
A) Chivirkuy
B) Irkutskaya
C) Turka
D) Kurkut
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