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Lake Baikal - Test
Contributed by: Maguire
  • 1. Where is Lake Baikal located?
A) Russia
B) Canada
C) USA
D) China
  • 2. What is the deepest lake in the world?
A) Lake Baikal
B) Lake Tanganyika
C) Lake Superior
D) Caspian Sea
  • 3. Which animals are native to Lake Baikal?
A) Baikal seal
B) Polar bear
C) Giraffe
D) Kangaroo
  • 4. How many rivers flow into Lake Baikal?
A) 336
B) 273
C) 157
D) 512
  • 5. When was Lake Baikal declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site?
A) 2020
B) 1970
C) 2005
D) 1996
  • 6. How many islands are there in Lake Baikal?
A) 10
B) 50
C) 27
D) 5
  • 7. Which city located near Lake Baikal is a popular tourist destination?
A) Irkutsk
B) Tokyo
C) Paris
D) New York
  • 8. What is the primary threat to Lake Baikal's ecosystem?
A) Pollution
B) Climate change
C) Invasive species
D) Overfishing
  • 9. What is the maximum depth of Lake Baikal?
A) 1,642 meters
B) 500 meters
C) 800 meters
D) 3,000 meters
  • 10. What percentage of the world's fresh surface water does Lake Baikal contain?
A) 22–23%
B) 10–15%
C) 40–45%
D) 30–35%
  • 11. How old is Lake Baikal estimated to be?
A) 10–15 million years
B) 100–120 million years
C) 50–60 million years
D) 25–30 million years
  • 12. How much does the Baikal Rift Zone widen each year?
A) About 10 mm
B) About 4 mm
C) About 1 mm
D) About 20 mm
  • 13. How many basins does Lake Baikal have?
A) Four
B) Five
C) Two
D) Three
  • 14. Which river is the main outlet of Lake Baikal?
A) The Selenga
B) The Angara
C) The Barguzin
D) The Yenisey
  • 15. Which is the largest island in Lake Baikal?
A) Lena
B) Yenisey
C) Baikal
D) Olkhon
  • 16. How many inflowing rivers does Lake Baikal have?
A) 500
B) 10
C) 100
D) As many as 330
  • 17. Which of the following is not a main river draining directly into Baikal?
A) The Yenisey
B) The Selenga
C) The Upper Angara
D) The Barguzin
  • 18. What is the estimated volume of water in Lake Baikal?
A) 23,615.39 km3
B) 5,000 km3
C) 30,000 km3
D) 10,000 km3
  • 19. What is the mean winter minimum temperature in Buryatia near Lake Baikal?
A) −10 °C
B) −30 °C
C) 0 °C
D) −19 °C
  • 20. What is the mean summer maximum temperature in Buryatia near Lake Baikal?
A) 25 °C
B) 20 °C
C) 30 °C
D) 14 °C
  • 21. What is the name of the region to the east of Lake Baikal?
A) Transbaikalia
B) Siberia
C) Buryatia
D) Irkutsk
  • 22. What is the name of the region around Lake Baikal?
A) Irkutsk
B) Buryatia
C) Siberia
D) Baikalia
  • 23. What is the name of the ridge separating the North and Central basins of Lake Baikal?
A) Academician Ridge
B) Barguzin Ridge
C) Siberian Ridge
D) Baikal Ridge
  • 24. What is the name of the area separating the Central and South basins of Lake Baikal?
A) Barguzin Saddle
B) Baikal Saddle
C) Siberian Saddle
D) Buguldeika Saddle
  • 25. What is the name of the cape on Baikal's northwest coast?
A) Cape Buryatia
B) Cape Baikal
C) Cape Siberia
D) Cape Ryty
  • 26. What is the name of the mountain range on the northeastern shore of Lake Baikal?
A) The Barguzin Range
B) The Ural Range
C) The Siberian Range
D) The Altai Range
  • 27. What is the name of the mountain range stretching along the western shore of Lake Baikal?
A) The Siberian Range
B) The Ural Range
C) The Primorsky Range
D) The Altai Range
  • 28. When does the upper 300 m of Lake Baikal become homothermic at around 4 °C?
A) Throughout the year
B) In July–August
C) In December–January
D) In May–June and again in October–November
  • 29. How many species of plants are currently known to inhabit Lake Baikal?
A) Less than 500 species
B) Exactly 1,500 species
C) More than 2,500 species
D) More than 1,000 species
  • 30. Which of the following is an invasive plant species in Lake Baikal?
A) Elodea canadensis
B) Potamogeton
C) Ulothrix
D) Cirsium palustre
  • 31. Which of these mammals was historically found near Lake Baikal but is no longer present?
A) Snow leopard (Panthera uncia)
B) Siberian musk deer (Moschus moschiferus)
C) European bison (Bison bonasus)
D) Amur leopard (Panthera pardus orientalis)
  • 32. How many species of submerged macrophytes have been recorded in Lake Baikal?
A) More than 85 species
B) About 100 species
C) Exactly 50 species
D) Less than 30 species
  • 33. Which of the following is not a genus of submerged macrophytes found in Lake Baikal?
A) Myriophyllum
B) Potamogeton
C) Ceratophyllum
D) Ulothrix
  • 34. Which genus of green algae is found deeper than 30 meters in Lake Baikal?
A) Aegagrophila
B) Draparnaldioides
C) Tetraspora
D) Ulothrix
  • 35. Which of the following mammals is not typically found around Lake Baikal?
A) Eurasian wolf (Canis lupus lupus)
B) Brown bear (Ursus arctos)
C) Siberian tiger (Panthera tigris tigris)
D) Siberian roe deer (Capreolus pygargus)
  • 36. Which of the following is a land mammal found around Lake Baikal?
A) Draparnaldioides
B) Moose (Alces alces)
C) Baikal seal (Pusa sibirica)
D) Elodea canadensis
  • 37. Which of these mammals is known for its presence in the Eurasian region and can be found around Lake Baikal?
A) African elephant (Loxodonta africana)
B) Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus)
C) Kangaroo (Macropus sp.)
D) Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra)
  • 38. Which of the following is a genus of green algae found in Lake Baikal?
A) Lutra
B) Ursus
C) Cladophora
D) Canis
  • 39. Which of these species is not a type of squirrel found around Lake Baikal?
A) Red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris)
B) Siberian chipmunk (Eutamias sibiricus)
C) Eastern gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis)
D) Both B and C
  • 40. Which of the following mammals is known for its distinctive white winter coat found around Lake Baikal?
A) Eurasian wolf (Canis lupus lupus)
B) Red fox (Vulpes vulpes)
C) Siberian tiger (Panthera tigris tigris)
D) Snow leopard (Panthera uncia)
  • 41. Who led the 2008 mission involving Mir-1 and Mir-2 submersibles?
A) The leader of the Baikalian Research Centre
B) Vladimir Putin
C) Artur Chilingarov
D) Anatoly Sagalevich
  • 42. In which year did Kurbat Ivanov first see Lake Baikal?
A) 1652
B) 1635
C) 1643
D) 1628
  • 43. In what year did the Russian government declare the Baikal region a special economic zone?
A) 2005
B) 2012
C) 2010
D) 2007
  • 44. Which fish is the primary prey of the Baikal seal?
A) Baikal black grayling
B) Omul
C) Golomyanka
D) Baikal sturgeon
  • 45. Which family do most of the endemic sponges in Lake Baikal belong to?
A) Spongillidae
B) Euglesidae
C) Pisidiidae
D) Lubomirskiidae
  • 46. What is the most important local fish species for fisheries in Lake Baikal?
A) Golomyanka
B) Baikal sturgeon
C) Baikal white grayling
D) Omul
  • 47. What is the name of the young human male whose remains were found near the village of Mal'ta?
A) Kurykan Boy
B) Buryat Boy
C) Mal'ta Boy
D) Baikal Man
  • 48. What is the most-populated village on Olkhon Island?
A) Irkutskaya
B) Listvyanka
C) Khuzhir
D) Kurkut
  • 49. Which family do all isopods in Lake Baikal belong to?
A) Cytherideidae
B) Acanthogammaridae
C) Candonidae
D) Asellidae
  • 50. Which of the following mammals is known for its agility and climbing abilities around Lake Baikal?
A) Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra)
B) Siberian chipmunk (Eutamias sibiricus)
C) Siberian tiger (Panthera tigris tigris)
D) Moose (Alces alces)
  • 51. Who may have been the first Russian to reach the Lena River?
A) Petr Beketov
B) Demid Pyanda
C) Maksim Perfilyev
D) Vikhor Savin
  • 52. Since which year has neutrino research been conducted at the Baikal Deep Underwater Neutrino Telescope?
A) 1990
B) 2000
C) 2008
D) 1993
  • 53. Which of the following is a type of hare found around Lake Baikal?
A) Both B and C
B) Black-tailed jackrabbit (Lepus californicus)
C) Mountain hare (Lepus timidus)
D) European hare (Lepus europaeus)
  • 54. What activity is popular in Baikal's summer season?
A) Bird-watching
B) Ice-fishing
C) Ice-skating
D) Ice-walking
  • 55. What did the Russian explorers collect from the Buryats in 1628?
A) Yasak (tribute)
B) Gold
C) Furs
D) Silver
  • 56. What is the name of the submersible used by Anatoly Sagalevich to set the deepest freshwater dive record?
A) BDUNT
B) Pisces
C) Mir-1
D) Mir-2
  • 57. What nickname is given to Lake Baikal in relation to Lake Khövsgöl?
A) Older sister of Sister Lakes
B) Twin of Sister Lakes
C) Younger sister of Sister Lakes
D) Mother of Sister Lakes
  • 58. What is the estimated percentage of the total biomass made up by Epischurella baikalensis in Lake Baikal?
A) 10 to 20%
B) 50 to 60%
C) 80 to 90%
D) 30 to 40%
  • 59. What is the largest flatworm species in Lake Baikal?
A) Benedictia baicalensis
B) Baikaloplana valida
C) Megalovalvata baicalensis
D) Lubomirskia baikalensis
  • 60. What are the common colors of sponges in Lake Baikal when alive?
A) Orange, pink, or violet
B) Green, brownish, or yellowish
C) Black, white, or gray
D) Red, blue, or purple
  • 61. Which of the following mammals is known for its musky scent and is found around Lake Baikal?
A) Red fox (Vulpes vulpes)
B) Siberian musk deer (Moschus moschiferus)
C) Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra)
D) Siberian tiger (Panthera tigris tigris)
  • 62. In which year did Anatoly Sagalevich set the record for the deepest freshwater dive in Lake Baikal?
A) 1990
B) 2000
C) 2008
D) 1993
  • 63. What was the name of the first Russian to explore Tungus country on the lower Angara?
A) Vikhor Savin
B) Petr Beketov
C) Maksim Perfilyev
D) Demid Pyanda
  • 64. Which river did Maksim Perfilyev cross in 1638 to reach the Lena River?
A) Barguzin River
B) Selenga River
C) Uda River
D) Ilim portage
  • 65. At what depths do the golomyanka species typically live in Lake Baikal?
A) 100–500 m
B) 10–50 m
C) 50–100 m
D) 500–1000 m
  • 66. Who holds the record for the deepest freshwater dive in Lake Baikal?
A) Artur Chilingarov
B) Anatoly Sagalevich
C) Vladimir Putin
D) The crew of Mir-1 and Mir-2
  • 67. How many endemic freshwater snail species are known from Lake Baikal?
A) 150
B) 117
C) 30
D) 200
  • 68. During which season can tourists safely drive on the ice cover of Lake Baikal?
A) Ice season
B) Summer season
C) Spring season
D) Autumn season
  • 69. Which endemic whitefish species is caught and smoked for sale around Lake Baikal?
A) Coregonus baicalensis
B) Thymallus baicalensis
C) Acipenser baerii baicalensis
D) Coregonus migratorius
  • 70. What name did the Buryats give to Lake Baikal?
A) North Sea
B) Baygal nuur
C) Much water
D) Rich lake
  • 71. How many foreign tourists visited Lake Baikal in 2014?
A) 120,000
B) 146,937
C) 200,000
D) 100,000
  • 72. What did Ivan Pokhabov explore in 1644?
A) The lower Selenge River
B) The upper Lena River
C) The Uda River
D) The Khilok River
  • 73. What culture is associated with the remains of Mal'ta Boy?
A) Xiongnu culture
B) Kurykan culture
C) Mal'ta–Buret' culture
D) Buryat culture
  • 74. Which amphipod species is known for living its entire life in the water column?
A) Abyssogammarus
B) Pachyschesis
C) Garjajewia
D) Macrohectopus branickii
  • 75. Which of the following is a common species of Baikal snails?
A) Megalovalvata baicalensis
B) Lubomirskia baikalensis
C) Benedictia baicalensis
D) Baikalospongia bacillifera
  • 76. How many species of birds inhabit Lake Baikal?
A) 150
B) 500
C) 236
D) 300
  • 77. What was the name of the first European to see Lake Baikal?
A) Demid Pyanda
B) Kurbat Ivanov
C) Maksim Perfilyev
D) Petr Beketov
  • 78. How many optical modules does the Baikal Neutrino Telescope NT-200 consist of?
A) 250
B) 192
C) 200
D) 150
  • 79. What was the name of the punitive expedition that restored Bratsk in 1635?
A) Perfilyev
B) Radukovskii
C) Khripunov
D) Beketov
  • 80. How many described species of aquatic freshwater oligochaetes are there in Lake Baikal?
A) Almost 200
B) 150
C) 30
D) 4
  • 81. What was the Russian expansion into the Buryat area around Lake Baikal part of?
A) The Russian conquest of Siberia
B) The construction of the SS Baikal
C) The Great Siberian Ice March
D) The establishment of the Trans-Siberian Railway
  • 82. What is the planned investment by Rosatom in the Baikal region?
A) $3 billion
B) $1.5 billion
C) $2 billion
D) $2.5 billion
  • 83. Which organization built the Frolikha Adventure Coastline Track?
A) WWF
B) UNESCO
C) Greenpeace
D) Baikalplan (a German NGO)
  • 84. What is the maximum thickness of the ice on the ice road to Olkhon Island?
A) 70 cm
B) 60 cm
C) 50 cm
D) 80 cm
  • 85. What percentage of the benthic animal biomass in Lake Baikal is made up by sponges?
A) Around 44%
B) 30%
C) 10%
D) 60%
  • 86. How many of the bird species at Lake Baikal are waterfowl?
A) 29
B) 200
C) 50
D) 100
  • 87. How many species of sponges are known to occur in Lake Baikal?
A) 30
B) At least 18
C) 200
D) 150
  • 88. Which family of ostracods in Lake Baikal has more than 100 described species?
A) Acanthogammaridae
B) Candonidae
C) Asellidae
D) Cytherideidae
  • 89. Which gulf in Lake Baikal can be comfortable for swimming?
A) Kurkut
B) Chivirkuy
C) Irkutskaya
D) Turka
  • 90. How many cubic kilometers of water do Epischurella baikalensis filter annually in Lake Baikal?
A) A hundred
B) A thousand
C) Five hundred
D) Ten thousand
  • 91. Which of the following is a type of bear found around Lake Baikal?
A) Black bear (Ursus americanus)
B) Polar bear (Ursus maritimus)
C) Brown bear (Ursus arctos)
D) Both B and C
  • 92. Which of the following is a type of deer found around Lake Baikal?
A) White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus)
B) Both B and C
C) Mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus)
D) Siberian roe deer (Capreolus pygargus)
  • 93. Who is one of the investors planning to build hotels near Lake Baikal?
A) Viktor Yanukovych
B) Viktor Putin
C) Viktor Medvedev
D) Viktor Grigorov
  • 94. Which island is accessible via the ice route around Olkhon?
A) Turka Island
B) Kotelnikovsky Island
C) Ogoy Island
D) Listvyanka Island
  • 95. Which dynasty controlled Lake Baikal from 647 CE to 682 CE?
A) Russian Empire
B) Han dynasty
C) Tang dynasty
D) Xiongnu confederation
  • 96. What was Lake Baikal called by the Kurykans?
A) Natural lake
B) Much water
C) North Sea
D) Rich lake
  • 97. Which village is the starting point for the ice road to Olkhon Island?
A) Listvyanka
B) Irkutsk
C) Kurkut
D) Turka
  • 98. Which organization is an independent research entity working on Lake Baikal?
A) Lake Baikal Environmental Agency
B) Russian Governmental Organization
C) Baikal Submersible Operations
D) The Baikalian Research Centre
  • 99. What did the Russians hear about in 1609 at Tomsk?
A) The Great Siberian Ice March
B) The Trans-Siberian Railway
C) The Amur country
D) The Buryats
  • 100. Who headed the hydrogeographical expedition that produced the first detailed contour map of Lake Baikal's bed?
A) F.K. Drizhenko
B) Kurbat Ivanov
C) Maksim Perfilyev
D) Petr Beketov
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