A) Double helix B) Circular C) Single strand D) Triple helix
A) Replicates DNA B) Translates proteins into genetic code C) Stabilizes the genetic information D) Carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome
A) A protein subunit B) An enzyme in the nucleus C) A three-nucleotide sequence in mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid D) A segment of DNA that regulates gene expression
A) Endoplasmic reticulum B) Golgi apparatus C) Mitochondria D) Nucleus
A) Large protein structure in the cell membrane B) Small RNA molecule involved in protein synthesis C) Circular DNA molecule found in bacteria that can replicate independently D) Segment of chromosomal DNA
A) DNA sequencing B) Gene cloning C) PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) D) Gel electrophoresis
A) Transfers amino acids to the ribosome B) Stabilizes the genetic code C) Transcribes DNA D) Connects mRNA and ribosomes
A) Replication B) Translation C) Mutation D) Transcription
A) Helicase B) Topoisomerase C) DNA polymerase D) Ligase
A) Francis Crick B) James Watson C) Rosalind Franklin D) The English physicist William Astbury
A) 1962 B) 1953 C) 1945 D) 1869
A) Rosalind Franklin, Erwin Chargaff, and Max Perutz B) James Watson, Francis Crick, and Maurice Wilkins C) William Astbury, Rosalind Franklin, and James Watson D) Gregor Mendel, Friedrich Miescher, and Phoebus Levene
A) The laws of inheritance through studies on pea plants B) The double helix model of DNA C) Chargaff's rule D) The discovery of DNA structure
A) Francis Crick B) Erwin Chargaff C) Phoebus Levene D) James Watson
A) Biology, geology, and meteorology B) Genetics, biochemistry, physics, mathematics, and computer science (bioinformatics) C) Chemistry, engineering, and philosophy D) Physics, chemistry, and astronomy
A) Frederick Griffith B) Francis Crick C) James Watson D) Gregor Mendel
A) 1944 B) 1905 C) 1953 D) 1928
A) Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) B) Mutation C) Genetic recombination D) Vertical gene transfer
A) It has a rough colony appearance. B) Its polysaccharide capsule prevents recognition by the host's immune system. C) It produces toxins that kill the host. D) It lacks genetic material.
A) Using mass spectrometry. B) Via radioactivity or fluorescence. C) Through electron microscopy. D) By measuring pH changes.
A) Gel electrophoresis B) Site-directed mutagenesis using PCR C) Transfection D) Transformation
A) 595 nm B) 620 nm C) 465 nm D) 700 nm
A) Transformation B) Conjugation C) Transduction D) Transfection
A) 30–40 nucleotides. B) 50–100 nucleotides. C) 20–25 nucleotides. D) 5–10 nucleotides.
A) Spectrophotometer B) Centrifuge C) Kitchen blender D) Microscope
A) Semiconservative replication B) Dispersive replication C) Non-conservative replication D) Conservative replication
A) Microarrays B) Western blotting C) Eastern blotting D) Northern blotting
A) Transfection B) Gel electrophoresis C) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) D) Molecular cloning
A) Transduction B) Conjugation C) Transformation D) Replication
A) Transfection B) Transduction C) Conjugation D) Transformation
A) Gel electrophoresis B) Reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) C) Standard PCR D) Molecular cloning
A) Different types B) No antigens C) The same type D) Only one common type
A) ~500 micrometre diameter B) ~100 micrometre diameter C) ~200 micrometre diameter D) ~50 micrometre diameter
A) SDS-PAGE B) Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis C) 2D gel electrophoresis D) Agarose gel electrophoresis
A) Studying biomolecules 'from the ground up'. B) Predicting genetic mutations. C) Focusing on chemical substances in living organisms. D) Using computer science techniques.
A) Radioactive phosphorus B) Radioactive hydrogen C) Radioactive carbon D) Radioactive sulfur
A) SYBR Green B) Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 C) Methylene blue D) Ethidium bromide
A) Salmonella typhimurium B) Escherichia coli C) Bacteriophage D) Streptococcus pneumoniae
A) Nitrocellulose B) Silicon chips C) Nylon membranes D) Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)
A) Standard PCR B) Gel electrophoresis C) Molecular cloning D) Quantitative PCR
A) Ethanol B) Magnesium chloride C) Strong alkaline buffering agents such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) D) Proteins
A) Electrophoresis B) Capillary action C) Centrifugation D) Chromatography
A) 1960s B) 1980s C) 1990s D) 1970s
A) Gel electrophoresis. B) X-ray crystallography. C) Viscometry. D) Chromatography.
A) Marion M. Bradford B) Patricia Thomas C) Kary Mullis D) Edwin Southern
A) Northern blotting B) Microarrays C) Eastern blotting D) Western blotting
A) Microarray spot analysis. B) RNA electrophoresis. C) Chemiluminescence D) DNA hybridization.
A) Northern blotting uses antibodies, while western blotting does not. B) Northern blotting is used for gene expression profiling. C) Western blotting detects post-translational modifications. D) Northern blotting analyzes RNA, while western blotting analyzes proteins.
A) Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) B) Nylon C) Silicon chips D) Nitrocellulose |