A) Double helix B) Single strand C) Triple helix D) Circular
A) Stabilizes the genetic information B) Replicates DNA C) Carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome D) Translates proteins into genetic code
A) A protein subunit B) A segment of DNA that regulates gene expression C) An enzyme in the nucleus D) A three-nucleotide sequence in mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid
A) Endoplasmic reticulum B) Nucleus C) Mitochondria D) Golgi apparatus
A) Large protein structure in the cell membrane B) Segment of chromosomal DNA C) Small RNA molecule involved in protein synthesis D) Circular DNA molecule found in bacteria that can replicate independently
A) DNA sequencing B) Gel electrophoresis C) PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) D) Gene cloning
A) Stabilizes the genetic code B) Transfers amino acids to the ribosome C) Transcribes DNA D) Connects mRNA and ribosomes
A) Translation B) Mutation C) Transcription D) Replication
A) Topoisomerase B) DNA polymerase C) Ligase D) Helicase
A) The English physicist William Astbury B) Francis Crick C) Rosalind Franklin D) James Watson
A) 1945 B) 1962 C) 1869 D) 1953
A) Gregor Mendel, Friedrich Miescher, and Phoebus Levene B) James Watson, Francis Crick, and Maurice Wilkins C) William Astbury, Rosalind Franklin, and James Watson D) Rosalind Franklin, Erwin Chargaff, and Max Perutz
A) The discovery of DNA structure B) The double helix model of DNA C) Chargaff's rule D) The laws of inheritance through studies on pea plants
A) Francis Crick B) Phoebus Levene C) Erwin Chargaff D) James Watson
A) Chemistry, engineering, and philosophy B) Genetics, biochemistry, physics, mathematics, and computer science (bioinformatics) C) Physics, chemistry, and astronomy D) Biology, geology, and meteorology
A) Gregor Mendel B) Francis Crick C) James Watson D) Frederick Griffith
A) 1953 B) 1944 C) 1928 D) 1905
A) Mutation B) Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) C) Vertical gene transfer D) Genetic recombination
A) It produces toxins that kill the host. B) It has a rough colony appearance. C) It lacks genetic material. D) Its polysaccharide capsule prevents recognition by the host's immune system.
A) Via radioactivity or fluorescence. B) Through electron microscopy. C) Using mass spectrometry. D) By measuring pH changes.
A) Gel electrophoresis B) Transfection C) Transformation D) Site-directed mutagenesis using PCR
A) 700 nm B) 595 nm C) 620 nm D) 465 nm
A) Transfection B) Transformation C) Transduction D) Conjugation
A) 20–25 nucleotides. B) 30–40 nucleotides. C) 50–100 nucleotides. D) 5–10 nucleotides.
A) Spectrophotometer B) Kitchen blender C) Microscope D) Centrifuge
A) Semiconservative replication B) Dispersive replication C) Non-conservative replication D) Conservative replication
A) Microarrays B) Eastern blotting C) Western blotting D) Northern blotting
A) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) B) Gel electrophoresis C) Molecular cloning D) Transfection
A) Transformation B) Replication C) Conjugation D) Transduction
A) Transfection B) Transformation C) Transduction D) Conjugation
A) Molecular cloning B) Standard PCR C) Gel electrophoresis D) Reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR)
A) No antigens B) Different types C) The same type D) Only one common type
A) ~100 micrometre diameter B) ~50 micrometre diameter C) ~200 micrometre diameter D) ~500 micrometre diameter
A) Agarose gel electrophoresis B) SDS-PAGE C) 2D gel electrophoresis D) Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
A) Focusing on chemical substances in living organisms. B) Studying biomolecules 'from the ground up'. C) Predicting genetic mutations. D) Using computer science techniques.
A) Radioactive hydrogen B) Radioactive phosphorus C) Radioactive sulfur D) Radioactive carbon
A) Methylene blue B) SYBR Green C) Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 D) Ethidium bromide
A) Streptococcus pneumoniae B) Salmonella typhimurium C) Escherichia coli D) Bacteriophage
A) Nylon membranes B) Silicon chips C) Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) D) Nitrocellulose
A) Quantitative PCR B) Molecular cloning C) Standard PCR D) Gel electrophoresis
A) Strong alkaline buffering agents such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) B) Proteins C) Magnesium chloride D) Ethanol
A) Chromatography B) Electrophoresis C) Capillary action D) Centrifugation
A) 1960s B) 1990s C) 1970s D) 1980s
A) Chromatography. B) Viscometry. C) Gel electrophoresis. D) X-ray crystallography.
A) Patricia Thomas B) Kary Mullis C) Edwin Southern D) Marion M. Bradford
A) Eastern blotting B) Western blotting C) Microarrays D) Northern blotting
A) RNA electrophoresis. B) DNA hybridization. C) Chemiluminescence D) Microarray spot analysis.
A) Northern blotting uses antibodies, while western blotting does not. B) Northern blotting analyzes RNA, while western blotting analyzes proteins. C) Northern blotting is used for gene expression profiling. D) Western blotting detects post-translational modifications.
A) Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) B) Nitrocellulose C) Nylon D) Silicon chips |