A) Single strand B) Triple helix C) Circular D) Double helix
A) Replicates DNA B) Carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome C) Stabilizes the genetic information D) Translates proteins into genetic code
A) An enzyme in the nucleus B) A protein subunit C) A three-nucleotide sequence in mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid D) A segment of DNA that regulates gene expression
A) Nucleus B) Mitochondria C) Golgi apparatus D) Endoplasmic reticulum
A) Large protein structure in the cell membrane B) Small RNA molecule involved in protein synthesis C) Segment of chromosomal DNA D) Circular DNA molecule found in bacteria that can replicate independently
A) DNA sequencing B) Gel electrophoresis C) Gene cloning D) PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)
A) Connects mRNA and ribosomes B) Transcribes DNA C) Transfers amino acids to the ribosome D) Stabilizes the genetic code
A) Replication B) Mutation C) Translation D) Transcription
A) Helicase B) Topoisomerase C) DNA polymerase D) Ligase
A) James Watson B) Francis Crick C) The English physicist William Astbury D) Rosalind Franklin
A) 1962 B) 1953 C) 1945 D) 1869
A) Gregor Mendel, Friedrich Miescher, and Phoebus Levene B) William Astbury, Rosalind Franklin, and James Watson C) James Watson, Francis Crick, and Maurice Wilkins D) Rosalind Franklin, Erwin Chargaff, and Max Perutz
A) The laws of inheritance through studies on pea plants B) The discovery of DNA structure C) The double helix model of DNA D) Chargaff's rule
A) Francis Crick B) Erwin Chargaff C) James Watson D) Phoebus Levene
A) Chemistry, engineering, and philosophy B) Physics, chemistry, and astronomy C) Biology, geology, and meteorology D) Genetics, biochemistry, physics, mathematics, and computer science (bioinformatics)
A) Gregor Mendel B) Frederick Griffith C) Francis Crick D) James Watson
A) 1953 B) 1928 C) 1905 D) 1944
A) Vertical gene transfer B) Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) C) Mutation D) Genetic recombination
A) It lacks genetic material. B) It produces toxins that kill the host. C) Its polysaccharide capsule prevents recognition by the host's immune system. D) It has a rough colony appearance.
A) By measuring pH changes. B) Using mass spectrometry. C) Via radioactivity or fluorescence. D) Through electron microscopy.
A) Site-directed mutagenesis using PCR B) Transfection C) Gel electrophoresis D) Transformation
A) 465 nm B) 595 nm C) 620 nm D) 700 nm
A) Conjugation B) Transfection C) Transformation D) Transduction
A) 5–10 nucleotides. B) 20–25 nucleotides. C) 30–40 nucleotides. D) 50–100 nucleotides.
A) Centrifuge B) Microscope C) Kitchen blender D) Spectrophotometer
A) Dispersive replication B) Non-conservative replication C) Conservative replication D) Semiconservative replication
A) Microarrays B) Western blotting C) Northern blotting D) Eastern blotting
A) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) B) Gel electrophoresis C) Molecular cloning D) Transfection
A) Transduction B) Transformation C) Conjugation D) Replication
A) Conjugation B) Transduction C) Transformation D) Transfection
A) Gel electrophoresis B) Reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) C) Molecular cloning D) Standard PCR
A) Only one common type B) Different types C) The same type D) No antigens
A) ~50 micrometre diameter B) ~500 micrometre diameter C) ~100 micrometre diameter D) ~200 micrometre diameter
A) Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis B) SDS-PAGE C) Agarose gel electrophoresis D) 2D gel electrophoresis
A) Predicting genetic mutations. B) Studying biomolecules 'from the ground up'. C) Using computer science techniques. D) Focusing on chemical substances in living organisms.
A) Radioactive carbon B) Radioactive hydrogen C) Radioactive phosphorus D) Radioactive sulfur
A) Methylene blue B) Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 C) SYBR Green D) Ethidium bromide
A) Streptococcus pneumoniae B) Salmonella typhimurium C) Bacteriophage D) Escherichia coli
A) Silicon chips B) Nylon membranes C) Nitrocellulose D) Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)
A) Gel electrophoresis B) Standard PCR C) Molecular cloning D) Quantitative PCR
A) Ethanol B) Proteins C) Magnesium chloride D) Strong alkaline buffering agents such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)
A) Centrifugation B) Capillary action C) Electrophoresis D) Chromatography
A) 1980s B) 1960s C) 1990s D) 1970s
A) Gel electrophoresis. B) Viscometry. C) X-ray crystallography. D) Chromatography.
A) Edwin Southern B) Patricia Thomas C) Marion M. Bradford D) Kary Mullis
A) Microarrays B) Northern blotting C) Western blotting D) Eastern blotting
A) Chemiluminescence B) DNA hybridization. C) RNA electrophoresis. D) Microarray spot analysis.
A) Northern blotting uses antibodies, while western blotting does not. B) Western blotting detects post-translational modifications. C) Northern blotting is used for gene expression profiling. D) Northern blotting analyzes RNA, while western blotting analyzes proteins.
A) Nylon B) Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) C) Nitrocellulose D) Silicon chips |