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Collapse of the World Trade Center - Quiz
Contributed by: Pratt
  • 1. What happened to the fireproofing in the impact zones?
A) It was stripped away by falling debris
B) It melted due to extreme heat
C) It was incinerated by the jet fuel
D) It was removed by the airplane impacts
  • 2. What caused the core columns to weaken and shorten?
A) Impact-related compression
B) Structural steel oxidation
C) Heat-induced creep
D) Excessive load vibration
  • 3. What component helped shift loads to the perimeter columns?
A) The hat truss
B) The core elevator shaft
C) The floor joists
D) The foundation slab
  • 4. How much did the floor trusses sag before the perimeter walls buckled?
A) Exactly 6 inches
B) Almost 5 feet
C) More than 2 feet
D) Approximately 1 foot
  • 5. How long did the North Tower last compared to the South Tower?
A) About 30 minutes longer
B) Around 46 minutes longer
C) Exactly 17 minutes longer
D) It collapsed at the exact same time
  • 6. Where did Flight 11 strike the North Tower?
A) In the southwestern corner
B) In the northwestern corner
C) Near the top mechanical floors
D) More or less in the center
  • 7. How long did it take for fires to spread to the south side of the North Tower?
A) More than an hour
B) Two and a half hours
C) Exactly 46 minutes
D) Less than 15 minutes
  • 8. What was the impact speed of Flight 11?
A) 600 miles per hour
B) 500 miles per hour
C) 440 miles per hour
D) 350 miles per hour
  • 9. Between which floors did Flight 11 crash into the North Tower?
A) 80 and 90
B) 77 and 85
C) 93 and 99
D) 90 and 95
  • 10. Why did the South Tower snap more quickly than the North Tower?
A) The fire burned at a higher temperature
B) The impact was lower and caused uneven weight distribution
C) The building had fewer core columns
D) The steel was of lower quality
  • 11. Where did Flight 175 strike the South Tower?
A) The center of the building
B) The rooftop mechanical deck
C) The exact middle of the north face
D) The southeastern corner
  • 12. Between which floors did Flight 175 crash into the South Tower?
A) 93 and 99
B) 77 and 85
C) 85 and 90
D) 70 and 75
  • 13. What was the structural result of the North Tower's symmetrical impact?
A) The building became instantly unstable
B) The core columns were immediately severed
C) The fireproofing remained largely attached
D) More structural support remained intact
  • 14. Which official expressed disbelief that the North Tower would collapse?
A) The mayor of New York City
B) A senior FDNY chief
C) The port authority director
D) The lead structural engineer
  • 15. How many civilians escaped from the impact zone or above in the South Tower?
A) 18
B) 147
C) 1,402
D) 614
  • 16. How many civilians perished at or above the impact point in the North Tower according to the NIST?
A) 614
B) 2,606
C) 1,402
D) 342
  • 17. How many civilians perished in the South Tower at or above the impact floors?
A) 342
B) 614
C) 1,402
D) 147
  • 18. What was the total number of passengers and crew on the two aircraft who perished?
A) 343
B) 18
C) 147
D) 10
  • 19. How many terrorists perished in the attacks?
A) 342
B) 147
C) 10
D) 18
  • 20. How many members of the New York City Fire Department (FDNY) were killed?
A) 342
B) 147
C) 71
D) 37
  • 21. How many members of the Port Authority Police Department (PAPD) were killed?
A) 37
B) 342
C) 23
D) 71
  • 22. Which agency lost 23 members as law enforcement officers during the collapse?
A) New York City Police Department (NYPD)
B) New York State Office of Tax Enforcement (OTE)
C) United States Secret Service (USSS)
D) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
  • 23. How many members of the New York State Office of Tax Enforcement (OTE) were killed?
A) 5
B) 1
C) 3
D) 23
  • 24. How many officers from the New York State Office of Court Administration (OCA) were killed?
A) 1
B) 37
C) 5
D) 3
  • 25. How many total law enforcement officers are listed as killed?
A) 342
B) 71
C) 18
D) 10
  • 26. What structural design did the World Trade Center towers utilize?
A) Geodesic dome framework
B) Reinforced concrete monolith
C) Framed tube structures
D) Suspension bridge design
  • 27. How wide were the buildings on each side, including the chamfered corners?
A) Roughly 210 ft
B) Exactly 200 ft
C) Exactly 207 ft
D) Roughly 250 ft
  • 28. How many perimeter columns were located along each face above the tenth floor?
A) 47
B) 60
C) 35
D) 59
  • 29. How many columns supported the rectangular interior cores?
A) 107
B) 59
C) 210
D) 47
  • 30. What material was used for the floor slabs?
A) Reinforced brick
B) Solid granite
C) Lightweight concrete
D) Pre-stressed timber
  • 31. What was the thickness of the floor slabs?
A) 10 inches
B) 4 inches
C) 6 inches
D) 2 inches
  • 32. What was used to connect the floors to the perimeter spandrel plates to reduce sway?
A) Rubber bushings
B) Steel bolts
C) Hydraulic pistons
D) Viscoelastic dampers
  • 33. What was the purpose of the hat truss or outrigger truss system?
A) Thermal insulation
B) Optimized load redistribution
C) Fire suppression
D) Increasing floor area
  • 34. Which tower was ultimately fitted with a transmission tower?
A) The North Tower
B) Neither tower
C) Both towers
D) The South Tower
  • 35. What was the span distance of the trusses in the short-span areas?
A) 35 ft
B) 60 ft
C) 20 ft
D) 50 ft
  • 36. What kind of structural load did the steel box columns of the core share with the perimeter columns?
A) Wind shear load
B) Seismic vibration
C) Gravity load
D) Torsional load
  • 37. How many trusses were along the long axis of the core in the hat truss system?
A) Two
B) Ten
C) Four
D) Six
  • 38. On what date did the terrorist attacks occur?
A) November 9, 2001
B) September 1, 2001
C) September 11, 2001
D) September 11, 2005
  • 39. Which airline flight hit the North Tower?
A) United Airlines Flight 175
B) American Airlines Flight 11
C) American Airlines Flight 77
D) United Airlines Flight 93
  • 40. What was the main cause of the collapses according to NIST?
A) Substandard design
B) The fires
C) Controlled demolition
D) The initial plane impacts
  • 41. When did the new One World Trade Center open?
A) 2014
B) 2010
C) 2005
D) 2001
  • 42. How many stories tall were the Twin Towers?
A) 110
B) 100
C) 90
D) 120
  • 43. What organization investigated the collapse and published results in 2005?
A) NIST
B) FEMA
C) NASA
D) FAA
  • 44. Which building held the tallest building record before the Twin Towers in 1973?
A) Petronas Towers
B) Empire State Building
C) Chrysler Building
D) Willis Tower
  • 45. What type of aircraft crashed into the Empire State Building in July 1945?
A) B-25 bomber
B) DC 8
C) C-45F Expeditor
D) Boeing 707
  • 46. What weather condition was believed to be a contributing factor in the 1945 Empire State Building collision?
A) Fog
B) High winds
C) Snow
D) Thunderstorm
  • 47. Which airport was not mentioned as a destination for aircraft that might have collided with the towers due to fog?
A) Newark
B) None of the above
C) JFK
D) LaGuardia
  • 48. What speed was mentioned in the NIST white paper regarding the impact of a Boeing 707 or DC 8?
A) 300 mph
B) 750 mph
C) 600 mph
D) 450 mph
  • 49. Who was the lead structural engineer for the WTC who spoke after the 1993 bombing?
A) A BBC reporter
B) Leslie Robertson
C) John Skilling
D) NIST investigators
  • 50. According to the NIST report, why was analysis of aircraft impact limited in the 1960s?
A) Information was classified
B) Budgetary constraints
C) Limited technical capability
D) Lack of interest
  • 51. What material was ordered to be used for fireproofing in the WTC instead of asbestos in 1970?
A) Vermiculite plaster
B) Gypsum board
C) Cellulose insulation
D) Concrete spray
  • 52. What type of aircraft were both Flight 11 and Flight 175?
A) Airbus A320
B) Boeing 737
C) Boeing 747
D) Boeing 767
  • 53. How many exterior columns were damaged in the North Tower by the impact?
A) 47
B) 26
C) 39
D) 34
  • 54. Where did some of the jet fuel from the North Tower impact explode after traveling down elevator shafts?
A) 17th floor
B) 99th floor
C) 93rd floor
D) 78th floor
  • 55. What force was released as structural components were severed?
A) Electromagnetic energy
B) Compressed gas energy
C) Kinetic heat energy
D) Gravitational energy
  • 56. Where were loads transferred during the collapse process?
A) Upwards
B) Downwards
C) Outwards only
D) Towards the center core only
  • 57. Which floors would not have released sufficient energy to bring about total collapse?
A) The top floors
B) The bottom floors
C) The basement levels
D) The middle floors
  • 58. How long after the start of the collapse did the first fragments of the South Tower hit the ground?
A) 25 seconds
B) 15 seconds
C) 9 seconds
D) 11 seconds
  • 59. How many stories of the South Tower core stood after the initial collapse started?
A) 100 stories
B) 40 stories
C) 25 stories
D) 60 stories
  • 60. How many stories of the North Tower core stood after the initial collapse started?
A) 40 stories
B) 110 stories
C) 60 stories
D) 25 stories
  • 61. What caused the outer wall panels to scatter randomly?
A) Bolts snapped
B) Seismic activity
C) Heat weakened the steel
D) Impact from airplanes
  • 62. What is the name of the first phase of the collapse process?
A) Lateral shift phase
B) Crush-down phase
C) Initial impact phase
D) Crush-up phase
  • 63. What happened to the perimeter columns during the crush-down phase?
A) They remained standing.
B) They fused to the core.
C) They peeled away.
D) They buckled inward.
  • 64. Where did the columns begin to buckle during the crush-up phase?
A) From the top
B) From the bottom
C) From the impact level
D) From the center
  • 65. What was the name of the stairway that remained intact after Flight 175 crashed into the South Tower?
A) Stairwell A
B) Stairwell B
C) Stairwell C
D) Stairwell D
  • 66. Why did many firefighters inside the North Tower fail to hear the evacuation order?
A) They refused to leave
B) The speakers were broken
C) Poor radio reception
D) They were too high up to hear
  • 67. Why did firefighters struggle to extinguish the fires in 7 World Trade Center?
A) The fire was chemical-based
B) Lack of building access
C) The building was already evacuated
D) Low water pressure
  • 68. How many casualties were associated with the collapse of 7 World Trade Center?
A) Over 100
B) None
C) 10
D) 50
  • 69. What building adjacent to 7 World Trade Center was rendered unsalvageable?
A) The South Tower
B) The North Tower
C) The Verizon Building
D) Fiterman Hall
  • 70. What was the first sign of the collapse of 7 World Trade Center?
A) The total tilt of the building
B) The buckling of the lobby
C) The shattering of all windows
D) The crumble of the east mechanical penthouse
  • 71. What year was the Fiterman Hall building finally demolished?
A) 2009
B) 2005
C) 2001
D) 2012
  • 72. Which religious structure was destroyed during the collapse?
A) 90 West Street
B) 30 West Broadway
C) St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church
D) 130 Cedar Street
  • 73. What building was damaged by the collapse of 7 World Trade Center?
A) 5 World Trade Center
B) 30 West Broadway
C) 130 Cedar Street
D) 90 West Street
  • 74. Who designed the Petronas Towers and the World Financial Center?
A) W. Gene Corley
B) César Pelli
C) Zdeněk P. Bažant
D) Abolhassan Astaneh-Asl
  • 75. Who edited the MIT collection of papers titled 'The Towers Lost and Beyond'?
A) Eduardo Kausel
B) W. Gene Corley
C) Franz-Josef Ulm
D) Oral Buyukozturk
  • 76. Who led the team assembled by the Structural Engineers Institute of the ASCE?
A) W. Gene Corley
B) Abolhassan Astaneh-Asl
C) Eduardo Kausel
D) Zdeněk P. Bažant
  • 77. Under whose auspices was the ASCE-led investigation completed?
A) FEMA
B) MIT
C) Northwestern University
D) The University of California
  • 78. What percentage of reinforcement bars were recovered for analysis after the cleanup?
A) 95%
B) 50%
C) 10%
D) 25%
  • 79. When did FEMA publish its report on the WTC collapse?
A) September 2001
B) October 2002
C) August 2002
D) May 2002
  • 80. What legislation authorized NIST to conduct an investigation of the WTC collapses?
A) National Construction Safety Team bill
B) The Disaster Relief and Recovery Bill
C) The Building Security Act
D) The Structural Integrity Reform Act
  • 81. What type of substance is jet fuel essentially?
A) Ethanol
B) Gasoline
C) Kerosene
D) Diesel
  • 82. According to Eagar, what was the temperature of the fires at the WTC?
A) Below freezing
B) Extremely high
C) Constant and uniform
D) Not unusual
  • 83. What was the result of the jet fuel ignition upon impact?
A) Total cooling of the building interior
B) Immediate structural collapse
C) Immediate chemical neutralization of the steel
D) Large fireballs
  • 84. Did the burning jet fuel by itself initiate the structural collapse?
A) Yes
B) Only in the North Tower
C) Only in the South Tower
D) No
  • 85. What did the jet fuel ignite that caused simultaneous fires across several floors?
A) The steel columns directly
B) The buildings' contents
C) The external glass facade
D) The building's foundation
  • 86. How does the text compare the heat output of the fires?
A) To a large commercial power generating station
B) To a volcanic eruption
C) To a nuclear reactor
D) To a house fire
  • 87. What was the total cost of the NIST investigation mentioned in the text?
A) $10 million
B) $20 million
C) $16 million
D) $6 million
  • 88. Which software did NIST use to model the effects of fires?
A) LS-DYNA
B) Fire Dynamics Simulator
C) ANSYS
D) AutoCAD
  • 89. Who led the NIST investigation into 7 World Trade Center?
A) W. Gene Corley
B) Shyam Sunder
C) None of these
D) James Quintiere
  • 90. Which software did NIST use to simulate the global response of 7 WTC to initiating events?
A) ANSYS
B) Fire Dynamics Simulator
C) LS-DYNA
D) Revit
  • 91. According to NIST, what was the acceleration of the 7 WTC exterior facade during the initial descent?
A) Decelerating speed
B) Half of free fall acceleration
C) Twice the rate of free fall
D) Free fall acceleration
  • 92. In 2003, who published a paper suggesting fires alone could have brought down the towers?
A) Jose L. Torero
B) Asif Usmani
C) Barbara Lane
D) Controlled Demolition, Inc.
  • 93. Which firm delivered a preliminary cleanup plan on September 22?
A) Controlled Demolition, Inc.
B) City of New York Department of Design
C) University of Edinburgh
D) Arup
  • 94. What was the result of prioritizing debris removal over recovery efforts?
A) A legal lawsuit from residents
B) Confrontations with firefighters
C) A faster completion of the cleanup
D) An apology from the EPA
  • 95. What entity assured the public on September 18 that Manhattan's air was safe to breathe?
A) Environmental Protection Agency
B) University of Edinburgh
C) Department of Design and Construction
D) City of New York
  • 96. What respiratory illness specifically mentioned in the text was associated with asbestos in the dust?
A) Asthma
B) Sinusitis
C) Gastroesophageal reflux disease
D) Asbestosis
  • 97. Which of these is NOT listed as a long-term health effect found among first responders?
A) Sinusitis
B) Post-traumatic stress disorder
C) Asthma
D) Lung cancer
  • 98. In what year was the demolition of surrounding damaged buildings still ongoing?
A) 2010
B) 2003
C) 2007
D) 2005
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