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GENED8
Contributed by: Cyriel A.
  • 1. According to Bentham, the ultimate standard for determining the morality of an action is:
A) The conformity to duty
B) The amount of happiness or pleasure produced
C) The will of God
D) The individual's intentions
  • 2. Which of the following best captures Bentham's view of pleasure?
A) Pleasures of the mind are superior to pleasures of the body.
B) Only pleasures that come from moral actions are good.
C) All pleasures are equal in kind and can be measured in terms of quantity.
D) Pleasures are valuable only if they align with social customs.
  • 3. In Bentham's utilitarianism, pain is considered:
A) A neutral element without moral significance
B) A necessary part of human dignity
C) An opposite measure to pleasure in calculating utility
D) A moral evil to be avoided at all costs
  • 4. A government considers whether to fund free healthcare or a luxury sports complex. Using Bentham's principle, which option is more likely to maximize utility?
A) Sports complex, because it will generate higher profits
B) Neither, because morality is independent of pleasure
C) Both are equal, because pleasure is subjective
D) Free healthcare, because it relieves suffering for many people
  • 5. Which of the following BEST illustrates the use of the felicific calculus?
A) A judge decides a case based on past rulings and precedents.
B) A teacher rewards students for good behavior to instill discipline.
C) A student chooses to study because it is their moral duty, regardless of results.
D) A policymaker evaluates intensity, duration, certainty, and extent of happiness before passing a law.
  • 6. If an action brings intense pleasure to a few people but minor pain to a large number of others, Bentham's utilitarianism would likely:
A) Reject the action because total pain outweighs total pleasure.
B) Approve the action since intensity matters most.
C) Approve the action if it was done with good intentions.
D) Reject the action because pain cannot be compared with pleasure.
  • 7. Which element of the felicific calculus measures how likely it is that pleasure will occur?
A) Purity
B) Propinquity
C) Intensity
D) Certainty
  • 8. Which situation BEST demonstrates the factor of extent in the felicific calculus?
A) A person choosing between eating cake now or exercising later.
B) A city planning a vaccination drive to protect thousands of residents.
C) A student deciding whether to cheat because it gives quick results.
D) A company reducing prices to compete with rivals.
  • 9. Suppose a law reduces crime but limits individual freedom. According to Bentham, its morality depends on:
A) Whether it produces more overall pleasure than pain
B) The intention of lawmakers
C) Whether people approve of it
D) The fairness of the restriction
  • 10. A student is deciding whether to spend time volunteering or watching movies. Using Bentham's calculus, the student would weigh factors such as:
A) Culture, tradition, obedience, respect
B) Duty, virtue, character, fairness, justice
C) Wealth, convenience, freedom, equality
D) Intensity, duration, certainty, purity, extent, fecundity, propinquity
  • 11. What is the best definition of "Natural Law*?
A) A moral law discovered by human reason and based on human nature
B) Laws passed by the government
C) Traditions followed by society
D) Rules created by religion
  • 12. Which of the following is a key characteristic of Natural Law?
A) It is universal and unchanging
B) It depends on personal beliefs
C) It changes with time and culture
D) It is only for religious people
  • 13. According to Natural Law, what guides human beings to know right from wrong?
A) Reason
B) Instinct
C) Emotion
D) Government authority
  • 14. Why is Natural Law important in ethics?
A) lt provides a universal standard for moral behavior
B) It focuses only on legal obedience
C) It rejects the idea of morality
D) It promotes individual freedom above all
  • 15. Which philosopher taught that the goal of life is "eudaimonia" or living a good life through virtue?
A) Plato
B) Cicero
C) Socrates
D) Aristotle
  • 16. Who described true law as "right reason in agreement with nature"?
A) Augustine
B) Cicero
C) Aquinas
D) Kant
  • 17. St. Thomas Aquinas believed that Natural Law is part of which greater law?
A) Civil law
B) Eternal law
C) Human law
D) Political law
  • 18. Which of the following best describes "Eternal Law"?
A) Cultural customs
B) Laws made by the state
C) The rules written in the Bible
D) God's plan that governs all creation
  • 19. Which of these is an example of "Human Law"?
A) Constitution of a country
B) Moral conscience
C) Ten Commandments
D) Law of gravity
  • 20. Aquinas said that unjust laws are_____________?
A) Still valid and must be obeyed
B) Based on emotion and culture
C) Laws that contradict reason and moral truth
D) More powerful than divine law
  • 21. How does Natural Law influence modern human rights?
A) It focuses only on government control
B) It rejects moral obligations
C) It teaches that rights come from human dignity and reason
D) It encourages moral relativism
  • 22. Which modern issue best shows the continuing relevance of Natural Law?
A) Online respect for others' dignity
B) Fashion trends
C) Sports competitions
D) Weather forecasting
  • 23. Which document reflects Natural Law principles in modern times?
A) The Bible
B) Local traffic ordinance
C) Universal Declaration of Human Rights
D) National Tax Code
  • 24. According to Natural Law, why is lying considered wrong?
A) It is punishable by law
B) It is unpopular
C) It breaks human communication and truth, which reason values
D) It is a religious offense
  • 25. Which of the following is a criticism of Natural Law?
A) It supports cultural diversity
B) It denies the importance of ethics
C) It ignores human reason
D) It is too rigid and assumes one universal moral code
  • 26. Which statement best reflects Aquinas view of a "just law"?
A) It must be approved by everyone
B) It must serve the common good
C) It must favor the powerful
D) It must be easy to follow
  • 27. What is one strength of Natural Law theory?
A) It encourages selfishness
B) It bases morality on universal human reason.
C) It rejects logic and reason
D) It changes according to culture
  • 28. Which current issue can be analyzed through Natural law principles?
A) Sports results
B) Movie preferences
C) Fashion trends
D) Climate change and environmental protection
  • 29. When a law discriminates against the poor, Natural Law would say it is:
A) Neutral
B) Acceptable if it helps the rich
C) Unjust because it violates equality and reason
D) Just and should be obeyed
  • 30. How does technology challenge Natural Law today?
A) It forces people to apply reason to new ethical dilemmas
B) It removes the need for morality
C) It replaces human laws
D) It erases human dignity
  • 31. What is the 2 main thinkers of natural law?
A) Augustine/Kant
B) Kant/Cicero
C) Socrates/Aristotle
D) Aristotle/Cicero
  • 32. Who systemize natural law?
A) St. Thomas Aquinas
B) Cicero
C) Aristotle
D) Socrates
  • 33. Not all but one is the characteristics of natural law?
A) Natural law
B) Unchanging/immutable inherent
C) Human law
D) Moral law
  • 34. All but one is not are the law created by St. Thomas Aquinas?
A) Moral law
B) Divine law
C) Eternal law
D) Natural law
  • 35. Which element of the felicific calculus measures how strong is the pleasure or pain?
A) Duration
B) Intensity
C) Propinquity
D) Fecundity
  • 36. Which element of the felicific calculus measures how long will it last?
A) Duration
B) Certainly
C) Extent
D) Purity
  • 37. Which element of the felicific calculus measures how soon will it occur?
A) Propinquity
B) Intensity
C) Purity
D) Fecundity
  • 38. Which element of the felicific calculus measures Will it lead to more of the same pleasure?
A) Duration
B) Certainly
C) Purity
D) Fecundity
  • 39. Which element of the felicific calculus measures Will it be free from pain?
A) Intensity
B) Duration
C) Purity
D) Propinquity
  • 40. Which element of the felicific calculus measures how many people will be affected?
A) Duration
B) Certainly
C) Extent
D) Intensity
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