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GENED8
Contributed by: Cyriel A.
  • 1. According to Bentham, the ultimate standard for determining the morality of an action is:
A) The amount of happiness or pleasure produced
B) The will of God
C) The individual's intentions
D) The conformity to duty
  • 2. Which of the following best captures Bentham's view of pleasure?
A) Pleasures of the mind are superior to pleasures of the body.
B) All pleasures are equal in kind and can be measured in terms of quantity.
C) Only pleasures that come from moral actions are good.
D) Pleasures are valuable only if they align with social customs.
  • 3. In Bentham's utilitarianism, pain is considered:
A) A moral evil to be avoided at all costs
B) An opposite measure to pleasure in calculating utility
C) A necessary part of human dignity
D) A neutral element without moral significance
  • 4. A government considers whether to fund free healthcare or a luxury sports complex. Using Bentham's principle, which option is more likely to maximize utility?
A) Neither, because morality is independent of pleasure
B) Sports complex, because it will generate higher profits
C) Both are equal, because pleasure is subjective
D) Free healthcare, because it relieves suffering for many people
  • 5. Which of the following BEST illustrates the use of the felicific calculus?
A) A teacher rewards students for good behavior to instill discipline.
B) A student chooses to study because it is their moral duty, regardless of results.
C) A judge decides a case based on past rulings and precedents.
D) A policymaker evaluates intensity, duration, certainty, and extent of happiness before passing a law.
  • 6. If an action brings intense pleasure to a few people but minor pain to a large number of others, Bentham's utilitarianism would likely:
A) Approve the action if it was done with good intentions.
B) Reject the action because total pain outweighs total pleasure.
C) Approve the action since intensity matters most.
D) Reject the action because pain cannot be compared with pleasure.
  • 7. Which element of the felicific calculus measures how likely it is that pleasure will occur?
A) Purity
B) Propinquity
C) Certainty
D) Intensity
  • 8. Which situation BEST demonstrates the factor of extent in the felicific calculus?
A) A student deciding whether to cheat because it gives quick results.
B) A person choosing between eating cake now or exercising later.
C) A city planning a vaccination drive to protect thousands of residents.
D) A company reducing prices to compete with rivals.
  • 9. Suppose a law reduces crime but limits individual freedom. According to Bentham, its morality depends on:
A) Whether it produces more overall pleasure than pain
B) Whether people approve of it
C) The intention of lawmakers
D) The fairness of the restriction
  • 10. A student is deciding whether to spend time volunteering or watching movies. Using Bentham's calculus, the student would weigh factors such as:
A) Culture, tradition, obedience, respect
B) Wealth, convenience, freedom, equality
C) Duty, virtue, character, fairness, justice
D) Intensity, duration, certainty, purity, extent, fecundity, propinquity
  • 11. What is the best definition of "Natural Law*?
A) A moral law discovered by human reason and based on human nature
B) Laws passed by the government
C) Rules created by religion
D) Traditions followed by society
  • 12. Which of the following is a key characteristic of Natural Law?
A) It is only for religious people
B) It changes with time and culture
C) It is universal and unchanging
D) It depends on personal beliefs
  • 13. According to Natural Law, what guides human beings to know right from wrong?
A) Reason
B) Emotion
C) Government authority
D) Instinct
  • 14. Why is Natural Law important in ethics?
A) It rejects the idea of morality
B) It focuses only on legal obedience
C) lt provides a universal standard for moral behavior
D) It promotes individual freedom above all
  • 15. Which philosopher taught that the goal of life is "eudaimonia" or living a good life through virtue?
A) Aristotle
B) Cicero
C) Plato
D) Socrates
  • 16. Who described true law as "right reason in agreement with nature"?
A) Kant
B) Augustine
C) Cicero
D) Aquinas
  • 17. St. Thomas Aquinas believed that Natural Law is part of which greater law?
A) Human law
B) Civil law
C) Eternal law
D) Political law
  • 18. Which of the following best describes "Eternal Law"?
A) God's plan that governs all creation
B) Cultural customs
C) Laws made by the state
D) The rules written in the Bible
  • 19. Which of these is an example of "Human Law"?
A) Moral conscience
B) Law of gravity
C) Constitution of a country
D) Ten Commandments
  • 20. Aquinas said that unjust laws are_____________?
A) Laws that contradict reason and moral truth
B) Still valid and must be obeyed
C) More powerful than divine law
D) Based on emotion and culture
  • 21. How does Natural Law influence modern human rights?
A) It rejects moral obligations
B) It focuses only on government control
C) It encourages moral relativism
D) It teaches that rights come from human dignity and reason
  • 22. Which modern issue best shows the continuing relevance of Natural Law?
A) Online respect for others' dignity
B) Sports competitions
C) Fashion trends
D) Weather forecasting
  • 23. Which document reflects Natural Law principles in modern times?
A) Universal Declaration of Human Rights
B) National Tax Code
C) The Bible
D) Local traffic ordinance
  • 24. According to Natural Law, why is lying considered wrong?
A) It breaks human communication and truth, which reason values
B) It is punishable by law
C) It is unpopular
D) It is a religious offense
  • 25. Which of the following is a criticism of Natural Law?
A) It denies the importance of ethics
B) It is too rigid and assumes one universal moral code
C) It ignores human reason
D) It supports cultural diversity
  • 26. Which statement best reflects Aquinas view of a "just law"?
A) It must be approved by everyone
B) It must be easy to follow
C) It must serve the common good
D) It must favor the powerful
  • 27. What is one strength of Natural Law theory?
A) It rejects logic and reason
B) It bases morality on universal human reason.
C) It encourages selfishness
D) It changes according to culture
  • 28. Which current issue can be analyzed through Natural law principles?
A) Movie preferences
B) Sports results
C) Fashion trends
D) Climate change and environmental protection
  • 29. When a law discriminates against the poor, Natural Law would say it is:
A) Just and should be obeyed
B) Acceptable if it helps the rich
C) Neutral
D) Unjust because it violates equality and reason
  • 30. How does technology challenge Natural Law today?
A) It forces people to apply reason to new ethical dilemmas
B) It replaces human laws
C) It erases human dignity
D) It removes the need for morality
  • 31. What is the 2 main thinkers of natural law?
A) Socrates/Aristotle
B) Kant/Cicero
C) Augustine/Kant
D) Aristotle/Cicero
  • 32. Who systemize natural law?
A) St. Thomas Aquinas
B) Socrates
C) Cicero
D) Aristotle
  • 33. Not all but one is the characteristics of natural law?
A) Moral law
B) Human law
C) Natural law
D) Unchanging/immutable inherent
  • 34. All but one is not are the law created by St. Thomas Aquinas?
A) Divine law
B) Eternal law
C) Natural law
D) Moral law
  • 35. Which element of the felicific calculus measures how strong is the pleasure or pain?
A) Duration
B) Propinquity
C) Fecundity
D) Intensity
  • 36. Which element of the felicific calculus measures how long will it last?
A) Extent
B) Purity
C) Duration
D) Certainly
  • 37. Which element of the felicific calculus measures how soon will it occur?
A) Fecundity
B) Purity
C) Intensity
D) Propinquity
  • 38. Which element of the felicific calculus measures Will it lead to more of the same pleasure?
A) Fecundity
B) Certainly
C) Purity
D) Duration
  • 39. Which element of the felicific calculus measures Will it be free from pain?
A) Propinquity
B) Intensity
C) Purity
D) Duration
  • 40. Which element of the felicific calculus measures how many people will be affected?
A) Certainly
B) Intensity
C) Extent
D) Duration
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