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GENED8
Contributed by: Cyriel A.
  • 1. According to Bentham, the ultimate standard for determining the morality of an action is:
A) The amount of happiness or pleasure produced
B) The individual's intentions
C) The conformity to duty
D) The will of God
  • 2. Which of the following best captures Bentham's view of pleasure?
A) All pleasures are equal in kind and can be measured in terms of quantity.
B) Only pleasures that come from moral actions are good.
C) Pleasures of the mind are superior to pleasures of the body.
D) Pleasures are valuable only if they align with social customs.
  • 3. In Bentham's utilitarianism, pain is considered:
A) A necessary part of human dignity
B) A neutral element without moral significance
C) A moral evil to be avoided at all costs
D) An opposite measure to pleasure in calculating utility
  • 4. A government considers whether to fund free healthcare or a luxury sports complex. Using Bentham's principle, which option is more likely to maximize utility?
A) Sports complex, because it will generate higher profits
B) Neither, because morality is independent of pleasure
C) Free healthcare, because it relieves suffering for many people
D) Both are equal, because pleasure is subjective
  • 5. Which of the following BEST illustrates the use of the felicific calculus?
A) A student chooses to study because it is their moral duty, regardless of results.
B) A judge decides a case based on past rulings and precedents.
C) A teacher rewards students for good behavior to instill discipline.
D) A policymaker evaluates intensity, duration, certainty, and extent of happiness before passing a law.
  • 6. If an action brings intense pleasure to a few people but minor pain to a large number of others, Bentham's utilitarianism would likely:
A) Reject the action because pain cannot be compared with pleasure.
B) Approve the action since intensity matters most.
C) Approve the action if it was done with good intentions.
D) Reject the action because total pain outweighs total pleasure.
  • 7. Which element of the felicific calculus measures how likely it is that pleasure will occur?
A) Purity
B) Certainty
C) Propinquity
D) Intensity
  • 8. Which situation BEST demonstrates the factor of extent in the felicific calculus?
A) A city planning a vaccination drive to protect thousands of residents.
B) A company reducing prices to compete with rivals.
C) A student deciding whether to cheat because it gives quick results.
D) A person choosing between eating cake now or exercising later.
  • 9. Suppose a law reduces crime but limits individual freedom. According to Bentham, its morality depends on:
A) Whether people approve of it
B) The intention of lawmakers
C) Whether it produces more overall pleasure than pain
D) The fairness of the restriction
  • 10. A student is deciding whether to spend time volunteering or watching movies. Using Bentham's calculus, the student would weigh factors such as:
A) Wealth, convenience, freedom, equality
B) Intensity, duration, certainty, purity, extent, fecundity, propinquity
C) Culture, tradition, obedience, respect
D) Duty, virtue, character, fairness, justice
  • 11. What is the best definition of "Natural Law*?
A) A moral law discovered by human reason and based on human nature
B) Rules created by religion
C) Laws passed by the government
D) Traditions followed by society
  • 12. Which of the following is a key characteristic of Natural Law?
A) It is only for religious people
B) It changes with time and culture
C) It is universal and unchanging
D) It depends on personal beliefs
  • 13. According to Natural Law, what guides human beings to know right from wrong?
A) Reason
B) Government authority
C) Emotion
D) Instinct
  • 14. Why is Natural Law important in ethics?
A) It rejects the idea of morality
B) It focuses only on legal obedience
C) lt provides a universal standard for moral behavior
D) It promotes individual freedom above all
  • 15. Which philosopher taught that the goal of life is "eudaimonia" or living a good life through virtue?
A) Plato
B) Aristotle
C) Cicero
D) Socrates
  • 16. Who described true law as "right reason in agreement with nature"?
A) Kant
B) Augustine
C) Cicero
D) Aquinas
  • 17. St. Thomas Aquinas believed that Natural Law is part of which greater law?
A) Civil law
B) Human law
C) Political law
D) Eternal law
  • 18. Which of the following best describes "Eternal Law"?
A) God's plan that governs all creation
B) The rules written in the Bible
C) Cultural customs
D) Laws made by the state
  • 19. Which of these is an example of "Human Law"?
A) Law of gravity
B) Moral conscience
C) Ten Commandments
D) Constitution of a country
  • 20. Aquinas said that unjust laws are_____________?
A) Still valid and must be obeyed
B) More powerful than divine law
C) Laws that contradict reason and moral truth
D) Based on emotion and culture
  • 21. How does Natural Law influence modern human rights?
A) It focuses only on government control
B) It rejects moral obligations
C) It encourages moral relativism
D) It teaches that rights come from human dignity and reason
  • 22. Which modern issue best shows the continuing relevance of Natural Law?
A) Fashion trends
B) Online respect for others' dignity
C) Sports competitions
D) Weather forecasting
  • 23. Which document reflects Natural Law principles in modern times?
A) Local traffic ordinance
B) National Tax Code
C) The Bible
D) Universal Declaration of Human Rights
  • 24. According to Natural Law, why is lying considered wrong?
A) It is a religious offense
B) It is unpopular
C) It breaks human communication and truth, which reason values
D) It is punishable by law
  • 25. Which of the following is a criticism of Natural Law?
A) It supports cultural diversity
B) It denies the importance of ethics
C) It is too rigid and assumes one universal moral code
D) It ignores human reason
  • 26. Which statement best reflects Aquinas view of a "just law"?
A) It must serve the common good
B) It must favor the powerful
C) It must be approved by everyone
D) It must be easy to follow
  • 27. What is one strength of Natural Law theory?
A) It rejects logic and reason
B) It bases morality on universal human reason.
C) It changes according to culture
D) It encourages selfishness
  • 28. Which current issue can be analyzed through Natural law principles?
A) Fashion trends
B) Sports results
C) Climate change and environmental protection
D) Movie preferences
  • 29. When a law discriminates against the poor, Natural Law would say it is:
A) Acceptable if it helps the rich
B) Unjust because it violates equality and reason
C) Neutral
D) Just and should be obeyed
  • 30. How does technology challenge Natural Law today?
A) It replaces human laws
B) It removes the need for morality
C) It forces people to apply reason to new ethical dilemmas
D) It erases human dignity
  • 31. What is the 2 main thinkers of natural law?
A) Socrates/Aristotle
B) Kant/Cicero
C) Augustine/Kant
D) Aristotle/Cicero
  • 32. Who systemize natural law?
A) Aristotle
B) Socrates
C) St. Thomas Aquinas
D) Cicero
  • 33. Not all but one is the characteristics of natural law?
A) Natural law
B) Unchanging/immutable inherent
C) Human law
D) Moral law
  • 34. All but one is not are the law created by St. Thomas Aquinas?
A) Moral law
B) Eternal law
C) Natural law
D) Divine law
  • 35. Which element of the felicific calculus measures how strong is the pleasure or pain?
A) Duration
B) Propinquity
C) Fecundity
D) Intensity
  • 36. Which element of the felicific calculus measures how long will it last?
A) Duration
B) Purity
C) Certainly
D) Extent
  • 37. Which element of the felicific calculus measures how soon will it occur?
A) Intensity
B) Propinquity
C) Purity
D) Fecundity
  • 38. Which element of the felicific calculus measures Will it lead to more of the same pleasure?
A) Fecundity
B) Certainly
C) Duration
D) Purity
  • 39. Which element of the felicific calculus measures Will it be free from pain?
A) Duration
B) Intensity
C) Purity
D) Propinquity
  • 40. Which element of the felicific calculus measures how many people will be affected?
A) Intensity
B) Certainly
C) Extent
D) Duration
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