ThatQuiz Test Library Take this test now
2ND_QUARTER_MARCIANO_EARTH SCI_STEM11
Contributed by: Marciano
  • 1. The process that breaks down rocks into smaller pieces is called
A) Weathering
B) Deposition
C) Sedimentation
D) Erosion
  • 2. Which of the following is a type of physical weathering?
A) Frost wedging
B) Hydrolysis
C) Oxidation
D) Carbonation
  • 3. The breakdown of rocks caused by reaction with oxygen is called
A) Dissolution
B) Carbonation
C) Hydration
D) Oxidation
  • 4. The peeling off of outer rock layers due to temperature changes is
A) Abrasion
B) Frost wedging
C) Exfoliation
D) Dissolution
  • 5. The process of dissolving minerals in water is called
A) Abrasion
B) Oxidation
C) Hydrolysis
D) Dissolution
  • 6. The type of weathering that changes rock composition is
A) Chemical
B) Mechanical
C) Physical
D) Biological
  • 7. The Earth’s temperature increases with
A) Distance from core
B) Altitude
C) Depth
D) Latitude
  • 8. Earth’s internal heat drives
A) Erosion
B) Mantle convection and plate movement
C) Wind systems
D) Rain formation
  • 9. The process by which rocks change due to heat and pressure is
A) Sedimentation
B) Melting
C) Weathering
D) Metamorphism
  • 10. Which is NOT a factor of metamorphism?
A) Heat
B) Pressure
C) Solar radiation
D) Chemical activity
  • 11. The force applied per unit area on rocks is called
A) Fault
B) Strain
C) Fold
D) Stress
  • 12. The stress that squeezes rocks together is
A) Friction
B) Shear
C) Tension
D) Compression
  • 13. The stress that pulls materials apart is
A) Pressure
B) Shear
C) Compressional
D) Tensional
  • 14. The bending of rock layers without breaking is
A) Cracking
B) Folding
C) Fracturing
D) Faulting
  • 15. The crack where rocks move past each other is a
A) Fold
B) Joint
C) Fault
D) Foliation
  • 16. When rocks slide horizontally, it’s caused by
A) Shear
B) Heat
C) Tension stress
D) Compression
  • 17. The idea that new ocean floor is formed at mid-ocean ridges is
A) Subduction
B) Continental drift
C) Seafloor spreading
D) Plate tectonics
  • 18. Who proposed the seafloor spreading hypothesis?
A) Harry Hess
B) Arthur Holmes
C) Alfred Wegener
D) James Hutton
  • 19. The age of ocean rocks increases as you move
A) Toward the trench
B) Randomly
C) Toward the ridge
D) Away from the ridge
  • 20. Evidence for seafloor spreading includes
A) Volcanoes only
B) Fossil evidence
C) Ocean currents
D) Magnetic patterns and rock ages
  • 21. The boundary where seafloor spreading occurs is
A) Transform
B) Convergent
C) Divergent
D) Neutral
  • 22. The molten material that creates new oceanic crust comes from
A) Crustal rock
B) Outer core
C) Mantle magma
D) Asthenosphere gases
  • 23. As the seafloor spreads, continents
A) Stay fixed
B) Move together
C) Sink
D) Move apart
  • 24. The youngest rocks on the seafloor are found
A) Near the trench
B) On continents
C) Near the ridge
D) In subduction zones
  • 25. Which technology helped discover seafloor spreading?
A) Microscope
B) Satellite
C) Sonar mapping
D) Telescope
  • 26. The weathering process accelerated by plants and animals is
A) Biological weathering
B) Hydrolysis
C) Dissolution
D) Carbonation
  • 27. The seafloor spreading theory helped explain
A) Plate tectonics
B) Climate change
C) Earthquakes
D) Soil erosion
  • 28. Which factor does NOT affect rock deformation?
A) Time
B) Color
C) Pressure
D) Temperature
  • 29. Metamorphism literally means
A) Melting of magma
B) Change in form
C) Formation of sediments
D) Rock destruction
  • 30. Which feature on Earth’s surface best shows the release of internal heat?
A) Mountain ridge
B) Volcano
C) Glacier
D) Canyon
  • 31. The heat responsible for volcanism originates from
A) Earth’s rotation
B) Earth’s interior
C) Gravitational pull
D) Sunlight
  • 32. The main cause of physical weathering in cold climates is
A) Acid rain
B) Wind
C) Chemical reaction
D) Freezing and thawing of water
  • 33. The main driving mechanism for seafloor spreading is
A) Wind pressure
B) Gravitational pull
C) Convection currents in the mantle
D) Ocean waves
  • 34. The rocks found near deep-ocean trenches are
A) Recently formed
B) Older
C) Younger
D) The same age as ridge rocks
  • 35. Magnetic reversals on the ocean floor are recorded as
A) Vertical fractures
B) Stripes parallel to the ridges
C) Circular patterns
D) Randomly oriented bands
  • 36. A granite rock exposed to alternating hot days and cool nights starts to crack and peel. What process is happening?
A) Chemical weathering by oxidation
B) Physical weathering by exfoliation
C) Physical weathering by abrasion
D) Chemical weathering by hydrolysis
  • 37. Rocks in a cold mountain region show cracks filled with ice in winter. What will most likely happen over time?
A) Ice will form new minerals
B) Ice will protect the rock from erosion
C) Cracks will close as ice melts
D) Repeated freezing will widen cracks
  • 38. A marble floor turns dull after years of contact with acidic cleaning agents. What type of weathering occurred?
A) Chemical
B) Biological
C) Mechanical
D) Physical
  • 39. If limestone turns into marble, what likely caused it?
A) Chemical weathering
B) Erosion by water
C) Sediment compaction
D) Intense heat and pressure
  • 40. A scientist observes symmetrical magnetic stripes on both sides of a mid-ocean ridge. What can she conclude?
A) The magnetic field is constant
B) The ridge is inactive
C) Seafloor spreading is occurring
D) The ocean floor is ancient
  • 41. Which real-life application of seafloor spreading theory helps predict natural hazards?
A) Predicting rainfall patterns
B) Estimating population growth
C) Locating mineral deposits
D) Identifying active earthquake zones
  • 42. Older oceanic crust sinks beneath continental crust because it is
A) Lighter and younger
B) Cooler and denser
C) Thicker and buoyant
D) Hotter and less dense
  • 43. A plant’s roots split apart a concrete wall. What type of weathering and stress caused this?
A) Physical and biological
B) Thermal and exfoliation
C) Chemical and hydrolysis
D) Abrasion and mechanical
  • 44. Acidic groundwater causes underground limestone to dissolve, forming a sinkhole. This is an example of
A) Oxidation
B) Chemical weathering and dissolution
C) Carbonation and erosion
D) Physical abrasion
  • 45. Why does magma tend to rise toward Earth’s surface?
A) It contracts as it cools.
B) It is denser than surrounding rock.
C) It is less dense than surrounding rock.
D) It is cooler and heavier.
  • 46. Two samples of granite weather differently, one exposed on a mountaintop, another in a humid valley. Which best explains this?
A) Rock composition varies with altitude.
B) Temperature and moisture affect weathering rate.
C) Gravity slows weathering in lowlands.
D) Both samples weather equally.
  • 47. A city engineer observes cracks in a mountain road caused by plant roots. What solution addresses the cause?
A) Trim vegetation near road edges
B) Spray water regularly
C) Apply more concrete
D) Cover surface with asphalt
  • 48. If two continental plates collide, what major structure will form?
A) Rift valley
B) Subduction zone
C) Mountain range
D) Ocean trench
  • 49. If the rate of seafloor spreading increases, what is the long-term effect?
A) Ocean basins widen faster.
B) The ocean floor cools faster.
C) Continents converge.
D) Subduction slows down.
  • 50. Scientists detect that the Atlantic Ocean floor is widening by 3 cm/year. What does this reveal about plate motion?
A) The process has stopped.
B) Earth’s crust is shrinking.
C) Plates move apart slowly but continuously.
D) Subduction occurs at the ridge.
Students who took this test also took :

Created with That Quiz — a math test site for students of all grade levels.