ThatQuiz Test Library Take this test now
2ND_QUARTER_MARCIANO_EARTH SCI_STEM11 - Quiz
Contributed by: Marciano
  • 1. The process that breaks down rocks into smaller pieces is called
A) Erosion
B) Weathering
C) Sedimentation
D) Deposition
  • 2. Which of the following is a type of physical weathering?
A) Hydrolysis
B) Oxidation
C) Frost wedging
D) Carbonation
  • 3. The breakdown of rocks caused by reaction with oxygen is called
A) Carbonation
B) Oxidation
C) Dissolution
D) Hydration
  • 4. The peeling off of outer rock layers due to temperature changes is
A) Dissolution
B) Frost wedging
C) Abrasion
D) Exfoliation
  • 5. The process of dissolving minerals in water is called
A) Abrasion
B) Dissolution
C) Oxidation
D) Hydrolysis
  • 6. The type of weathering that changes rock composition is
A) Biological
B) Chemical
C) Mechanical
D) Physical
  • 7. The Earth’s temperature increases with
A) Distance from core
B) Depth
C) Latitude
D) Altitude
  • 8. Earth’s internal heat drives
A) Mantle convection and plate movement
B) Wind systems
C) Rain formation
D) Erosion
  • 9. The process by which rocks change due to heat and pressure is
A) Metamorphism
B) Melting
C) Weathering
D) Sedimentation
  • 10. Which is NOT a factor of metamorphism?
A) Heat
B) Solar radiation
C) Pressure
D) Chemical activity
  • 11. The force applied per unit area on rocks is called
A) Stress
B) Fault
C) Strain
D) Fold
  • 12. The stress that squeezes rocks together is
A) Shear
B) Tension
C) Friction
D) Compression
  • 13. The stress that pulls materials apart is
A) Pressure
B) Shear
C) Compressional
D) Tensional
  • 14. The bending of rock layers without breaking is
A) Folding
B) Fracturing
C) Faulting
D) Cracking
  • 15. The crack where rocks move past each other is a
A) Fold
B) Fault
C) Joint
D) Foliation
  • 16. When rocks slide horizontally, it’s caused by
A) Heat
B) Compression
C) Shear
D) Tension stress
  • 17. The idea that new ocean floor is formed at mid-ocean ridges is
A) Seafloor spreading
B) Continental drift
C) Plate tectonics
D) Subduction
  • 18. Who proposed the seafloor spreading hypothesis?
A) Arthur Holmes
B) James Hutton
C) Harry Hess
D) Alfred Wegener
  • 19. The age of ocean rocks increases as you move
A) Toward the trench
B) Randomly
C) Away from the ridge
D) Toward the ridge
  • 20. Evidence for seafloor spreading includes
A) Volcanoes only
B) Ocean currents
C) Magnetic patterns and rock ages
D) Fossil evidence
  • 21. The boundary where seafloor spreading occurs is
A) Neutral
B) Transform
C) Convergent
D) Divergent
  • 22. The molten material that creates new oceanic crust comes from
A) Crustal rock
B) Asthenosphere gases
C) Mantle magma
D) Outer core
  • 23. As the seafloor spreads, continents
A) Move together
B) Stay fixed
C) Sink
D) Move apart
  • 24. The youngest rocks on the seafloor are found
A) Near the trench
B) On continents
C) Near the ridge
D) In subduction zones
  • 25. Which technology helped discover seafloor spreading?
A) Telescope
B) Sonar mapping
C) Microscope
D) Satellite
  • 26. The weathering process accelerated by plants and animals is
A) Carbonation
B) Dissolution
C) Hydrolysis
D) Biological weathering
  • 27. The seafloor spreading theory helped explain
A) Climate change
B) Plate tectonics
C) Soil erosion
D) Earthquakes
  • 28. Which factor does NOT affect rock deformation?
A) Time
B) Color
C) Temperature
D) Pressure
  • 29. Metamorphism literally means
A) Change in form
B) Melting of magma
C) Rock destruction
D) Formation of sediments
  • 30. Which feature on Earth’s surface best shows the release of internal heat?
A) Glacier
B) Volcano
C) Canyon
D) Mountain ridge
  • 31. The heat responsible for volcanism originates from
A) Sunlight
B) Gravitational pull
C) Earth’s interior
D) Earth’s rotation
  • 32. The main cause of physical weathering in cold climates is
A) Freezing and thawing of water
B) Wind
C) Acid rain
D) Chemical reaction
  • 33. The main driving mechanism for seafloor spreading is
A) Gravitational pull
B) Wind pressure
C) Ocean waves
D) Convection currents in the mantle
  • 34. The rocks found near deep-ocean trenches are
A) The same age as ridge rocks
B) Older
C) Younger
D) Recently formed
  • 35. Magnetic reversals on the ocean floor are recorded as
A) Circular patterns
B) Vertical fractures
C) Stripes parallel to the ridges
D) Randomly oriented bands
  • 36. A granite rock exposed to alternating hot days and cool nights starts to crack and peel. What process is happening?
A) Chemical weathering by hydrolysis
B) Physical weathering by abrasion
C) Physical weathering by exfoliation
D) Chemical weathering by oxidation
  • 37. Rocks in a cold mountain region show cracks filled with ice in winter. What will most likely happen over time?
A) Repeated freezing will widen cracks
B) Cracks will close as ice melts
C) Ice will form new minerals
D) Ice will protect the rock from erosion
  • 38. A marble floor turns dull after years of contact with acidic cleaning agents. What type of weathering occurred?
A) Biological
B) Mechanical
C) Chemical
D) Physical
  • 39. If limestone turns into marble, what likely caused it?
A) Sediment compaction
B) Intense heat and pressure
C) Erosion by water
D) Chemical weathering
  • 40. A scientist observes symmetrical magnetic stripes on both sides of a mid-ocean ridge. What can she conclude?
A) The magnetic field is constant
B) Seafloor spreading is occurring
C) The ridge is inactive
D) The ocean floor is ancient
  • 41. Which real-life application of seafloor spreading theory helps predict natural hazards?
A) Locating mineral deposits
B) Predicting rainfall patterns
C) Estimating population growth
D) Identifying active earthquake zones
  • 42. Older oceanic crust sinks beneath continental crust because it is
A) Cooler and denser
B) Thicker and buoyant
C) Lighter and younger
D) Hotter and less dense
  • 43. A plant’s roots split apart a concrete wall. What type of weathering and stress caused this?
A) Physical and biological
B) Thermal and exfoliation
C) Abrasion and mechanical
D) Chemical and hydrolysis
  • 44. Acidic groundwater causes underground limestone to dissolve, forming a sinkhole. This is an example of
A) Chemical weathering and dissolution
B) Carbonation and erosion
C) Oxidation
D) Physical abrasion
  • 45. Why does magma tend to rise toward Earth’s surface?
A) It contracts as it cools.
B) It is cooler and heavier.
C) It is denser than surrounding rock.
D) It is less dense than surrounding rock.
  • 46. Two samples of granite weather differently, one exposed on a mountaintop, another in a humid valley. Which best explains this?
A) Both samples weather equally.
B) Temperature and moisture affect weathering rate.
C) Rock composition varies with altitude.
D) Gravity slows weathering in lowlands.
  • 47. A city engineer observes cracks in a mountain road caused by plant roots. What solution addresses the cause?
A) Trim vegetation near road edges
B) Spray water regularly
C) Apply more concrete
D) Cover surface with asphalt
  • 48. If two continental plates collide, what major structure will form?
A) Mountain range
B) Rift valley
C) Ocean trench
D) Subduction zone
  • 49. If the rate of seafloor spreading increases, what is the long-term effect?
A) Continents converge.
B) The ocean floor cools faster.
C) Ocean basins widen faster.
D) Subduction slows down.
  • 50. Scientists detect that the Atlantic Ocean floor is widening by 3 cm/year. What does this reveal about plate motion?
A) Earth’s crust is shrinking.
B) The process has stopped.
C) Subduction occurs at the ridge.
D) Plates move apart slowly but continuously.
Students who took this test also took :

Created with That Quiz — a math test site for students of all grade levels.