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Brain mapping - Quiz
Contributed by: Appleby
  • 1. What is brain mapping primarily concerned with?
A) The study of the respiratory system.
B) The study of the anatomy and function of the brain and spinal cord.
C) The study of the digestive system.
D) The study of the cardiovascular system.
  • 2. Which organization defined brain mapping in 2013?
A) Society for Brain Mapping and Therapeutics (SBMT).
B) World Health Organization (WHO).
C) American Medical Association (AMA).
D) National Institutes of Health (NIH).
  • 3. In what year did researchers complete a full brain mapping of a fruit fly?
A) 2013.
B) 2020.
C) 2024.
D) 2018.
  • 4. Which animal was used for the full brain mapping completed in 2024?
A) Mouse.
B) Monkey.
C) Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly).
D) Rat.
  • 5. What is a connectogram?
A) A map showing the digestive system.
B) A map illustrating the cardiovascular system.
C) A map depicting cortical regions around a circle, organized by lobes.
D) A map of the respiratory system.
  • 6. What do the concentric circles within a connectogram represent?
A) Various common neurological measurements, such as cortical thickness or curvature.
B) Blood pressure levels.
C) Lung capacity.
D) Heart rate variability.
  • 7. What do the lines in the center of a connectogram illustrate?
A) The connections between cortical regions, weighted by fractional anisotropy and strength of connection.
B) The connections between bones.
C) The connections between organs.
D) The connections between muscles.
  • 8. What is a connectome?
A) A map that incorporates individual neural connections in the brain, often presented as wiring diagrams.
B) A map of the cardiovascular system.
C) A map of the digestive system.
D) A map of the respiratory system.
  • 9. What are the core aspects of brain mapping?
A) Functional and structural neuroimaging.
B) Cardiac imaging.
C) Gastrointestinal imaging.
D) Pulmonary imaging.
  • 10. What is a common criticism of brain image-based claims?
A) They are never used in scientific research.
B) They often involve low-resolution techniques and may involve incorrect assumptions about brain functions.
C) They are always accurate and reliable.
D) They are only used in medical diagnosis.
  • 11. Why might claims about specific brain functions be unverifiable?
A) Because brain mapping techniques are always highly accurate.
B) Because brain functions are always localized to a single region.
C) Because many functions involve multiple parts of the brain and many mapping techniques have low resolution.
D) Because brain functions are unrelated to brain regions.
  • 12. What is a potential issue with some brain mapping studies?
A) They never have equipment calibration issues.
B) They are always conducted with large sample sizes.
C) They may have technical problems like small sample size or poor equipment calibration.
D) They are always scientifically validated.
  • 13. For what purposes might brain mapping techniques be used without scientific validation?
A) Commercial purposes, lie detection, or medical diagnosis.
B) Only for scientific research.
C) Only for educational purposes.
D) Only for artistic projects.
  • 14. In which decade was the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Science commissioned to investigate the integration of neuroscientific information?
A) The late 1980s
B) The mid-1980s
C) The early 2000s
D) The early 1990s
  • 15. Which of the following is NOT a non-invasive scanning technique mentioned in the text?
A) Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)
B) Electroencephalography (EEG)
C) Magnetoencephalography (MEG)
D) Computed Tomography (CT)
  • 16. Which condition is NOT specifically mentioned as being studied through brain mapping in the text?
A) Alzheimer's disease
B) Clinical depression
C) Autism
D) Schizophrenia
  • 17. What historical case is mentioned as being crucial for understanding traumatic brain injuries?
A) Henry Molaison
B) Alexander Luria
C) Phineas Gage
D) Clive Wearing
  • 18. What is one of the applications of brain mapping in studying diseased brains?
A) Designing brain implants
B) Creating brain prosthetics
C) Developing new surgical techniques
D) Studying drug effects
  • 19. Which of the following is a technique used to map perfusion in the brain?
A) Electroencephalography (EEG)
B) Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
C) Electromyography (EMG)
D) Magnetoencephalography (MEG)
  • 20. Which technique is used to study the anatomy of the human brain?
A) Diffusion MRI (dMRI)
B) Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA)
C) Ultrasound
D) Electrocardiography (ECG)
  • 21. What is one of the populations mentioned that may be studied using brain mapping?
A) People with clinical depression
B) People with hypertension
C) People with asthma
D) People with diabetes
  • 22. Which technique is used to map function in the brain?
A) X-ray
B) Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)
C) Computed Tomography (CT)
D) Ultrasound
  • 23. What is one of the phenomena that can be studied in both healthy and diseased brains?
A) Memory
B) Blood pressure
C) Blood sugar levels
D) Cholesterol levels
  • 24. Which technique is NOT mentioned as a method for brain mapping?
A) Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
B) Electromyography (EMG)
C) Magnetoencephalography (MEG)
D) Electroencephalography (EEG)
  • 25. Which organization published the most comprehensive 3D map of the human brain in 2021?
A) The BRAIN Initiative Cell Census Network
B) FlyWire team
C) Researchers at Google
D) The MICrONS program
  • 26. How much storage space did the interactive map of the human brain require?
A) 3 petabytes
B) 500 terabytes
C) 1.4 petabytes
D) 2 petabytes
  • 27. What was the size of the brain fragment mapped by Google researchers in 2021?
A) 5 mm3
B) 0.5 mm3
C) 10 mm3
D) 1 mm3
  • 28. How long did it take to scan the monkey brain using the new method reported in 2021?
A) Within 48 hours
B) Within 72 hours
C) Within 100 hours
D) Within 24 hours
  • 29. Which animal's brain was first completely reconstructed before the fruit fly brain map?
A) The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
B) The mouse
C) The axolotl
D) The monkey
  • 30. How many researchers were involved in the FlyWire team that completed the fruit fly brain map?
A) 287 researchers
B) 500 researchers
C) 150 researchers
D) 100 researchers
  • 31. How many institutions were involved in the FlyWire project?
A) 50 institutions
B) 30 institutions
C) 100 institutions
D) 76 institutions
  • 32. What is the total number of neurons in the fruit fly brain map?
A) More than 140,000 neurons
B) More than 50,000 neurons
C) More than 100,000 neurons
D) More than 200,000 neurons
  • 33. How many synapses were identified in the fruit fly brain map?
A) Over 10 million synapses
B) Over 30 million synapses
C) Over 50 million synapses
D) Over 70 million synapses
  • 34. Which program published a functional connectomics dataset in August 2021?
A) The BRAIN Initiative
B) The FlyWire project
C) The MICrONS program
D) The Eyewire project
  • 35. How many neurons were estimated to be recorded in the primary visual cortex (VISp) by the MICrONS program?
A) An estimated 100,000 neurons
B) An estimated 50,000 neurons
C) An estimated 25,000 neurons
D) An estimated 75,000 neurons
  • 36. What type of imaging was combined with electron microscopy to show mammalian neural circuit development in 2021?
A) Diffusion tensor imaging
B) Functional MRI
C) Brainbow imaging
D) Positron emission tomography
  • 37. Which atlas was developed in 1988?
A) Harvard Whole Brain Atlas
B) Infant Brain Atlas
C) Talairach Atlas
D) MNI Template
  • 38. What was the standard template of SPM and International Consortium for Brain Mapping released in 1998?
A) Harvard Whole Brain Atlas
B) MNI Template
C) Atlas of the Developing Human Brain
D) Talairach Atlas
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