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SOCPRO REVIEWER PRELIM: ETHICALLY QUESTIONABLE EDITION
Contributed by: Fernandez
  • 1. MADAMI BA?
A) Wla na...finish na...
B) SHIIIIIITTT!!!
C) I NEED MORE QUESTION!
D) Grabi ka naman boss....
E) Sure ka sa mga question na toh?
  • 2. What does the 'P' in the PLUS ethical decision-making model stand for?
A) People
B) Procedures
C) Policies
D) Principles
E) Performance
  • 3. According to the PLUS model, which aspect considers whether an action complies with company policies and professional codes?
A) Universal
B) Legal
C) Policies
D) Self
E) Standards
  • 4. In the PLUS framework, the 'L' component evaluates whether an action is:
A) Legitimate
B) Lucrative
C) Lawful
D) Logical
E) Limited
  • 5. Which PLUS component asks 'Would this action be acceptable if everyone did it?'
A) Self
B) Universal
C) Legal
D) Policies
E) Societal
  • 6. The 'U' in PLUS refers to universal principles such as:
A) Utility and functionality
B) Understanding and communication
C) User experience and interface design
D) Honesty, fairness, and respect for users
E) Usability and accessibility
  • 7. According to the PLUS model, the 'S' component involves:
A) Personal integrity and accountability
B) Software standards
C) Security protocols
D) Stakeholder interests
E) System requirements
  • 8. When applying PLUS to software development, which component would be violated by releasing software with known security vulnerabilities despite company policy?
A) Policies
B) Legal
C) Technical
D) Universal
E) Self
  • 9. In the PLUS model, a developer who refuses to work overtime to meet an unrealistic deadline is primarily considering which component?
A) Policies
B) Self
C) Legal
D) Universal
E) Professional
  • 10. Which PLUS component would be most concerned with data privacy laws like GDPR?
A) Universal
B) Policies
C) Self
D) Legal
E) Technical
  • 11. Stakeholder analysis in software development primarily examines:
A) Project management methodologies
B) Budget constraints and timelines
C) Who is affected by decisions and how
D) Technical specifications and requirements
E) Code quality and testing procedures
  • 12. Which of the following is typically NOT considered a stakeholder in software projects?
A) Competitors
B) End users
C) Developers and testers
D) Clients/customers
E) Society at large
  • 13. In stakeholder analysis, focusing on impact rather than intent means:
A) Considering actual consequences of actions
B) Maximizing profit for shareholders
C) Following organizational procedures strictly
D) Meeting project deadlines regardless of outcomes
E) Prioritizing technical specifications over user needs
  • 14. When rushing a mobile app release, which stakeholder group experiences the most direct negative impact?
A) Investors
B) Marketing team
C) Developers
D) Company management
E) Users
  • 15. A key principle of stakeholder analysis is to:
A) Consider only technical stakeholders
B) Ignore long-term societal impacts
C) Identify all affected parties and assess benefits/risks
D) Prioritize management interests above all
E) Focus only on paying customers
  • 16. In software development, stakeholder analysis helps determine:
A) Most profitable features
B) Optimal technical solutions
C) Minimum viable product requirements
D) Fairness and responsibility in decision-making
E) Fastest development timeline
  • 17. Utilitarianism in ethics focuses primarily on:
A) Outcomes and consequences
B) Social norms and customs
C) Character and virtues
D) Intentions and motivations
E) Rules and duties
  • 18. Which ethical theory would justify releasing software with minor bugs if it benefits the majority of users?
A) Virtue Ethics
B) Social Contract Theory
C) Care Ethics
D) Deontology
E) Utilitarianism
  • 19. The trolley problem is a classic example used to illustrate which ethical theory?
A) Deontology
B) Utilitarianism
C) Egoism
D) Virtue Ethics
E) Relativism
  • 20. Deontological ethics, founded by Immanuel Kant, emphasizes:
A) Maximizing overall happiness
B) Considering cultural differences
C) Prioritizing personal relationships
D) Following moral rules regardless of consequences
E) Developing virtuous character traits
  • 21. According to deontological ethics, lying to protect a friend from harm is:
A) Always wrong regardless of outcome
B) Morally complex and context-dependent
C) Justified only in emergency situations
D) Acceptable only if no one finds out
E) Always right if it saves a life
  • 22. Virtue ethics, developed by Aristotle, focuses on:
A) Universal moral rules and duties
B) Consequences and outcomes
C) The character and moral virtues of the individual
D) Cultural norms and traditions
E) Social contracts and agreements
  • 23. In virtue ethics, courage is described as the mean between:
A) Honest and deceptive
B) Ignorance and wisdom
C) Greedy and generous
D) Cowardice and recklessness
E) Lazy and overworked
  • 24. Which ethical theory would be most concerned with a software developer's personal integrity and professional reputation?
A) Virtue Ethics
B) Care Ethics
C) Social Contract Theory
D) Utilitarianism
E) Deontology
  • 25. A software developer who chooses to help a struggling colleague despite being late for a deadline is demonstrating:
A) Care ethics priority
B) Utilitarian calculation
C) Professional negligence
D) Deontological duty
E) Virtue ethics in action
  • 26. A professional code of conduct is designed to:
A) Maximize company profits
B) Create competitive advantages
C) Define technical standards
D) Establish project timelines
E) Set out acceptable behavior for members of a profession
  • 27. Which of the following is a key component of professional codes of conduct?
A) Project management skills
B) Marketing abilities
C) Technical proficiency
D) Financial acumen
E) Integrity and honesty
  • 28. Professional codes of conduct help establish:
A) Technical superiority over competitors
B) Faster development cycles
C) Lower production costs
D) Better marketing strategies
E) Trust with clients, colleagues, and the public
  • 29. Following professional codes of ethics can produce benefits for:
A) Only the individual professional
B) Exclusively for clients and customers
C) Individuals, profession, and society as a whole
D) Primarily for regulatory compliance
E) Just the employing organization
  • 30. Adherence to professional codes reminds professionals of responsibilities they may be tempted to compromise due to:
A) Technical limitations
B) Budget constraints
C) Time restrictions
D) Day-to-day business pressures
E) Resource availability
  • 31. Professional codes of ethics provide an evaluation benchmark that professionals can use for:
A) Project planning
B) Performance reviews
C) Technical skill development
D) Salary negotiations
E) Self-assessment of ethical behavior
  • 32. According to ACM ethics, software developers have a primary responsibility to:
A) Meet project deadlines
B) Minimize development costs
C) Maximize company profits
D) Avoid harm to users and society
E) Write efficient code
  • 33. Which ACM principle specifically requires software developers to conduct thorough system evaluation?
A) ACM 2.5 – Thorough system evaluation
B) ACM 1.1 – Contribute to society
C) ACM 2.6 – Honor confidentiality
D) ACM 3.1 – Ensure professional competence
E) ACM 1.2 – Avoid harm
  • 34. Network administrators following ACM ethics must respect:
A) Privacy and maintain authorized access only
B) System uptime statistics
C) Hardware specifications
D) Bandwidth utilization
E) Network performance metrics
  • 35. Data analysts have an ethical obligation to ensure:
A) Data accuracy and avoid biased interpretations
B) Fastest processing speeds
C) Quick report generation
D) Lowest storage costs
E) Maximum data collection volume
  • 36. Computer scientists conducting research must maintain:
A) Fastest experimental results
B) Research integrity and avoid falsification
C) Highest grant funding
D) Most citations
E) Maximum publication quantity
  • 37. Systems architects must anticipate:
A) Failure modes and embed security by design
B) Fastest deployment times
C) Maximum system performance
D) Lowest development costs
E) Minimal documentation requirements
  • 38. Database specialists have an ethical duty to:
A) Minimize storage costs
B) Protect sensitive information and enforce access control
C) Reduce backup frequency
D) Maximize database performance
E) Ensure fastest query times
  • 39. Which IEEE code emphasizes public safety and welfare as paramount?
A) IEEE #1 – Public safety and welfare
B) IEEE #4 – Professional development
C) IEEE #2 – Technical competence
D) IEEE #3 – Honest claims
E) IEEE #5 – Environmental responsibility
  • 40. IT professionals who abuse privileged access to user data violate which ethical principle?
A) Cost optimization
B) Technical efficiency
C) Respect for privacy and authorized access
D) System performance
E) User convenience
  • 41. When management demands release of software with known security vulnerabilities, ethical whistleblowing requires:
A) Quietly fixing the problem without documentation
B) Immediately going to the media
C) Documenting risks clearly and reporting through proper channels
D) Complying with management demands
E) Ignoring the issue to protect job security
  • 42. According to ethical guidelines, whistleblowing is justified when:
A) Media attention is desired
B) Career advancement is needed
C) Personal gain is possible
D) Public harm is likely and internal channels have failed
E) Company reputation is at stake
  • 43. A network administrator asked to disable logs to hide a data breach should:
A) Report anonymously only
B) Comply to maintain job security
C) Refuse participation and preserve evidence
D) Delete logs as requested
E) Ignore the request completely
  • 44. Conflict of interest occurs when a systems architect favors a proprietary platform due to:
A) Personal incentives rather than technical merit
B) Company policy requirements
C) Budget constraints
D) User preferences
E) Technical specifications
  • 45. What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes utilitarianism from other ethical theories?
A) It focuses on rules
B) It prioritizes duties
C) It is consequentialist
D) It emphasizes character
E) It values traditions
  • 46. Which philosopher is primarily associated with the development of utilitarianism?
A) John Rawls
B) Aristotle
C) Immanuel Kant
D) Jeremy Bentham
E) Plato
  • 47. The greatest happiness principle states that actions are morally right if they result in:
A) The most happiness for the most people
B) Maximizing personal gain
C) Respecting individual rights
D) Following universal rules
E) Developing virtuous character
  • 48. In utilitarianism, hedonism refers to the pursuit of:
A) Wealth and status
B) Pleasure and avoidance of pain
C) Knowledge and wisdom
D) Power and influence
E) Fame and recognition
  • 49. According to utilitarianism, everyone's happiness counts:
A) According to wealth
B) According to gender
C) Based on social status
D) Equally
E) Based on age
  • 50. The trolley problem is used to illustrate which ethical dilemma?
A) Duty vs. self-interest
B) Sacrificing one to save many
C) Following rules vs. compassion
D) Justice vs. mercy
E) Character development
  • 51. In the trolley problem, utilitarianism would recommend:
A) Pulling the lever to save more lives
B) Finding another solution
C) Not pulling the lever to avoid responsibility
D) Consulting others first
E) Leaving it to fate
  • 52. Which critique of utilitarianism states it can justify sacrificing innocents if it maximizes happiness?
A) It is too rule-based
B) It is too abstract
C) It is culturally biased
D) It lacks clear guidelines
E) It ignores individual rights
  • 53. A major challenge of utilitarianism is difficulty in:
A) Developing character
B) Respecting traditions
C) Following clear rules
D) Maintaining impartiality
E) Predicting and measuring outcomes
  • 54. Deontology is classified as a:
A) Character-based theory
B) Situation-based theory
C) Consequentialist theory
D) Culture-based theory
E) Non-consequentialist theory
  • 55. Immanuel Kant is the founder of:
A) Utilitarianism
B) Social Contract Theory
C) Relativism
D) Deontology
E) Virtue Ethics
  • 56. The categorical imperative requires acting according to maxims that can be:
A) Accepted by society
B) Approved by authorities
C) Developed through practice
D) Universalized without contradiction
E) Maximized for happiness
  • 57. In deontology, treating others as ends in themselves means:
A) Exploiting their weaknesses
B) Controlling their actions
C) Respecting their dignity and autonomy
D) Ignoring their needs
E) Using them for personal benefit
  • 58. According to deontology, moral actions are obligatory if they fulfill a:
A) Social expectation
B) Personal desire
C) Economic benefit
D) Moral duty
E) Cultural norm
  • 59. In the lying to protect scenario, deontology recognizes that:
A) Protecting life may justify lying
B) Truth is always paramount
C) Rules are flexible
D) Lying is always wrong
E) Personal relationships override rules
  • 60. Which critique of deontology highlights that rigid rules can lead to harmful outcomes?
A) It ignores consequences
B) It can be inflexible
C) It lacks character focus
D) It is too outcome-oriented
E) It is culturally limited
  • 61. Deontology may create conflicts when duties:
A) Maximize happiness
B) Follow traditions
C) Contradict each other
D) Develop character
E) Serve society
  • 62. Virtue ethics was primarily developed by:
A) Plato
B) Aristotle
C) Jeremy Bentham
D) Immanuel Kant
E) John Stuart Mill
  • 63. Virtue ethics focuses on the:
A) Social contracts
B) Character and virtues of the individual
C) Following moral rules
D) Outcomes of actions
E) Cultural traditions
  • 64. The concept of virtue as the mean refers to:
A) Strict rule following
B) Balance between deficiency and excess
C) Maximum happiness
D) Social approval
E) Personal gain
  • 65. Eudaimonia in virtue ethics refers to:
A) Avoiding pain
B) Following rules
C) Flourishing or human happiness
D) Maximizing pleasure
E) Gaining power
  • 66. In virtue ethics, morality comes from:
A) Obeying authorities
B) Respecting duties
C) Maximizing outcomes
D) Developing good character over time
E) Following universal rules
  • 67. The virtue of courage is the mean between:
A) Laziness and overwork
B) Greed and generosity
C) Cowardice and recklessness
D) Dishonesty and deception
E) Ignorance and wisdom
  • 68. In the grocery helping scenario, virtue ethics emphasizes:
A) Following duty
B) Personal convenience
C) Maximizing happiness
D) Compassion as a character trait
E) Respecting rules
  • 69. Which critique of virtue ethics notes that it provides few clear guidelines for specific actions?
A) Culturally biased
B) Ignores consequences
C) Too rule-focused
D) Lack of clear guidelines
E) Abstract principles
  • 70. Virtue ethics differs from other theories by being more focused on:
A) Culture than principles
B) The person than the action
C) Rules than character
D) Society than individuals
E) Outcomes than intentions
  • 71. Utilitarianism focuses on consequences, while deontology focuses on:
A) Personal happiness
B) Cultural norms
C) Social approval
D) Rules and duties
E) Character development
  • 72. Deontology emphasizes duty regardless of consequences, while utilitarianism emphasizes:
A) Personal relationships
B) Social status
C) Cultural values
D) Character traits
E) Outcomes and happiness
  • 73. Virtue ethics differs from both utilitarianism and deontology by focusing on:
A) Outcome maximization
B) Character development
C) Cultural adaptation
D) Duty fulfillment
E) Rule following
  • 74. In software development, a utilitarian approach would prioritize:
A) Company profit maximization
B) Technical excellence
C) User benefits and societal impact
D) Personal professional growth
E) Following coding standards
  • 75. A deontological software developer would be most concerned with:
A) Maximizing user satisfaction
B) Following ethical rules and duties
C) Developing personal virtues
D) Achieving technical perfection
E) Meeting deadlines
  • 76. Virtue ethics in software development would emphasize:
A) Technical skill mastery
B) Outcome optimization
C) Career advancement
D) Strict rule adherence
E) Developing professional character
  • 77. When facing a deadline vs. quality dilemma, utilitarianism would ask:
A) What reflects good character?
B) What follows company policy?
C) Which choice benefits more users?
D) What maximizes profit?
E) What are the professional duties?
  • 78. In the same dilemma, deontology would prioritize:
A) Technical standards
B) Financial outcomes
C) Professional duties and rules
D) User happiness
E) Personal integrity
  • 79. Virtue ethics in this dilemma would focus on:
A) Meeting organizational goals
B) Achieving technical goals
C) Following established rules
D) Demonstrating professional integrity
E) Maximizing positive outcomes
  • 80. A balanced ethical approach might combine all three theories to:
A) Focus only on outcomes
B) Simplify decision-making
C) Address different aspects of moral decision-making
D) Avoid complex analysis
E) Ignore character development
  • 81. Ethical theories provide frameworks for:
A) Maximizing profits
B) Achieving personal goals
C) Following technical procedures
D) Gaining social status
E) Understanding moral decisions
  • 82. The study of ethical theories helps professionals:
A) Gain management approval
B) Increase salary potential
C) Improve technical skills
D) Navigate complex moral issues
E) Reduce workload
  • 83. Professional negligence in software development includes:
A) Skipping tests knowingly and ignoring security vulnerabilities
B) Participating in code reviews
C) Working overtime to meet deadlines
D) Documenting code thoroughly
E) Following standard procedures
  • 84. Data analysts who manipulate findings to please management are engaging in:
A) Professional collaboration
B) Efficient data analysis
C) Technical optimization
D) Appropriate stakeholder management
E) Unethical professional conduct
  • 85. What distinguishes ethical considerations from legal requirements in software development?
A) Ethics are modern, law is traditional
B) Ethics are optional, law is mandatory
C) Ethics are technical, law is social
D) Ethics are personal, law is organizational
E) Ethics address moral responsibility, law addresses compliance
  • 86. According to the framework, a system can be:
A) Ethical and legal but technically poor
B) Legal and technically correct but ethically questionable
C) Ethical but legally problematic
D) Technical but ethically neutral
E) Legal but technically flawed
  • 87. Which example demonstrates a system that is legal and technical but ethically questionable?
A) Standard security protocols
B) User-friendly interface
C) Excessive data collection
D) Fast performance
E) Proper error handling
  • 88. Ethical decision frameworks help avoid decisions based on:
A) Resource availability
B) Personal bias, authority pressure, and convenience
C) Time limitations
D) Technical requirements
E) Budget constraints
  • 89. The PLUS model helps encourage:
A) Technical innovation
B) Consistent and defensible decisions
C) Better documentation
D) Faster development
E) Higher profits
  • 90. Which of the following is NOT typically considered a stakeholder in software projects?
A) Employers/management
B) Developers and testers
C) Society at large
D) Competitors
E) End users
  • 91. In stakeholder analysis, determining power and vulnerability helps:
A) Understand influence and susceptibility
B) Evaluate budget requirements
C) Assess timeline feasibility
D) Measure technical complexity
E) Calculate project costs
  • 92. When rushing a mobile app release, which stakeholder experiences short-term profit?
A) Government regulators
B) Company
C) Developers
D) Users
E) Society
  • 93. Stakeholder analysis focuses on:
A) Technical rather than social
B) Short-term rather than long-term
C) Impact rather than intent
D) Intent rather than impact
E) Individual rather than group
  • 94. A moral dilemma in software development occurs when:
A) Technical problems arise
B) Budget constraints exist
C) Two or more ethical principles conflict
D) Time pressure increases
E) Management demands change
  • 95. Which factor commonly causes moral dilemmas in software development?
A) Technical expertise
B) Resource abundance
C) Time pressure
D) Proper planning
E) Clear requirements
  • 96. When considering whether to release software with known bugs, what should be evaluated first?
A) Technical complexity
B) Development timeline
C) Severity of the bug
D) Management preferences
E) Company profits
  • 97. Critical bugs affecting safety or security:
A) Can be fixed post-release
B) Can be released with patches
C) Should be documented only
D) Must not be ignored
E) May be acceptable with warnings
  • 98. Which shortcut in software development creates technical debt?
A) Proper documentation
B) Following standards
C) Skipping testing
D) Version control
E) Code reviews
  • 99. Ignoring documentation in software development leads to:
A) Easier maintenance
B) Improved security
C) Better performance
D) System instability
E) Faster development
  • 100. Copying unlicensed code creates what type of risk?
A) Faster deployment
B) Technical improvements
C) Better functionality
D) Legal violations
E) Easier maintenance
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