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SOCPRO REVIEWER PRELIM: ETHICALLY QUESTIONABLE EDITION
Contributed by: Fernandez
  • 1. MADAMI BA?
A) SHIIIIIITTT!!!
B) Wla na...finish na...
C) I NEED MORE QUESTION!
D) Sure ka sa mga question na toh?
E) Grabi ka naman boss....
  • 2. What does the 'P' in the PLUS ethical decision-making model stand for?
A) People
B) Procedures
C) Principles
D) Policies
E) Performance
  • 3. According to the PLUS model, which aspect considers whether an action complies with company policies and professional codes?
A) Universal
B) Standards
C) Legal
D) Self
E) Policies
  • 4. In the PLUS framework, the 'L' component evaluates whether an action is:
A) Logical
B) Legitimate
C) Lucrative
D) Lawful
E) Limited
  • 5. Which PLUS component asks 'Would this action be acceptable if everyone did it?'
A) Societal
B) Policies
C) Self
D) Legal
E) Universal
  • 6. The 'U' in PLUS refers to universal principles such as:
A) User experience and interface design
B) Usability and accessibility
C) Utility and functionality
D) Honesty, fairness, and respect for users
E) Understanding and communication
  • 7. According to the PLUS model, the 'S' component involves:
A) System requirements
B) Security protocols
C) Software standards
D) Personal integrity and accountability
E) Stakeholder interests
  • 8. When applying PLUS to software development, which component would be violated by releasing software with known security vulnerabilities despite company policy?
A) Universal
B) Policies
C) Technical
D) Self
E) Legal
  • 9. In the PLUS model, a developer who refuses to work overtime to meet an unrealistic deadline is primarily considering which component?
A) Universal
B) Policies
C) Professional
D) Self
E) Legal
  • 10. Which PLUS component would be most concerned with data privacy laws like GDPR?
A) Universal
B) Legal
C) Technical
D) Self
E) Policies
  • 11. Stakeholder analysis in software development primarily examines:
A) Code quality and testing procedures
B) Who is affected by decisions and how
C) Budget constraints and timelines
D) Project management methodologies
E) Technical specifications and requirements
  • 12. Which of the following is typically NOT considered a stakeholder in software projects?
A) Clients/customers
B) Society at large
C) Competitors
D) End users
E) Developers and testers
  • 13. In stakeholder analysis, focusing on impact rather than intent means:
A) Following organizational procedures strictly
B) Meeting project deadlines regardless of outcomes
C) Considering actual consequences of actions
D) Maximizing profit for shareholders
E) Prioritizing technical specifications over user needs
  • 14. When rushing a mobile app release, which stakeholder group experiences the most direct negative impact?
A) Marketing team
B) Users
C) Developers
D) Investors
E) Company management
  • 15. A key principle of stakeholder analysis is to:
A) Focus only on paying customers
B) Ignore long-term societal impacts
C) Consider only technical stakeholders
D) Identify all affected parties and assess benefits/risks
E) Prioritize management interests above all
  • 16. In software development, stakeholder analysis helps determine:
A) Fairness and responsibility in decision-making
B) Fastest development timeline
C) Minimum viable product requirements
D) Optimal technical solutions
E) Most profitable features
  • 17. Utilitarianism in ethics focuses primarily on:
A) Rules and duties
B) Outcomes and consequences
C) Character and virtues
D) Intentions and motivations
E) Social norms and customs
  • 18. Which ethical theory would justify releasing software with minor bugs if it benefits the majority of users?
A) Care Ethics
B) Social Contract Theory
C) Utilitarianism
D) Deontology
E) Virtue Ethics
  • 19. The trolley problem is a classic example used to illustrate which ethical theory?
A) Deontology
B) Virtue Ethics
C) Egoism
D) Utilitarianism
E) Relativism
  • 20. Deontological ethics, founded by Immanuel Kant, emphasizes:
A) Following moral rules regardless of consequences
B) Considering cultural differences
C) Maximizing overall happiness
D) Prioritizing personal relationships
E) Developing virtuous character traits
  • 21. According to deontological ethics, lying to protect a friend from harm is:
A) Always right if it saves a life
B) Acceptable only if no one finds out
C) Morally complex and context-dependent
D) Justified only in emergency situations
E) Always wrong regardless of outcome
  • 22. Virtue ethics, developed by Aristotle, focuses on:
A) Social contracts and agreements
B) Consequences and outcomes
C) Universal moral rules and duties
D) Cultural norms and traditions
E) The character and moral virtues of the individual
  • 23. In virtue ethics, courage is described as the mean between:
A) Greedy and generous
B) Ignorance and wisdom
C) Cowardice and recklessness
D) Honest and deceptive
E) Lazy and overworked
  • 24. Which ethical theory would be most concerned with a software developer's personal integrity and professional reputation?
A) Social Contract Theory
B) Virtue Ethics
C) Utilitarianism
D) Care Ethics
E) Deontology
  • 25. A software developer who chooses to help a struggling colleague despite being late for a deadline is demonstrating:
A) Virtue ethics in action
B) Deontological duty
C) Care ethics priority
D) Professional negligence
E) Utilitarian calculation
  • 26. A professional code of conduct is designed to:
A) Create competitive advantages
B) Set out acceptable behavior for members of a profession
C) Maximize company profits
D) Establish project timelines
E) Define technical standards
  • 27. Which of the following is a key component of professional codes of conduct?
A) Financial acumen
B) Integrity and honesty
C) Technical proficiency
D) Project management skills
E) Marketing abilities
  • 28. Professional codes of conduct help establish:
A) Technical superiority over competitors
B) Lower production costs
C) Better marketing strategies
D) Trust with clients, colleagues, and the public
E) Faster development cycles
  • 29. Following professional codes of ethics can produce benefits for:
A) Only the individual professional
B) Individuals, profession, and society as a whole
C) Exclusively for clients and customers
D) Just the employing organization
E) Primarily for regulatory compliance
  • 30. Adherence to professional codes reminds professionals of responsibilities they may be tempted to compromise due to:
A) Day-to-day business pressures
B) Budget constraints
C) Technical limitations
D) Time restrictions
E) Resource availability
  • 31. Professional codes of ethics provide an evaluation benchmark that professionals can use for:
A) Technical skill development
B) Salary negotiations
C) Project planning
D) Performance reviews
E) Self-assessment of ethical behavior
  • 32. According to ACM ethics, software developers have a primary responsibility to:
A) Meet project deadlines
B) Maximize company profits
C) Write efficient code
D) Avoid harm to users and society
E) Minimize development costs
  • 33. Which ACM principle specifically requires software developers to conduct thorough system evaluation?
A) ACM 3.1 – Ensure professional competence
B) ACM 2.5 – Thorough system evaluation
C) ACM 1.1 – Contribute to society
D) ACM 2.6 – Honor confidentiality
E) ACM 1.2 – Avoid harm
  • 34. Network administrators following ACM ethics must respect:
A) Network performance metrics
B) Privacy and maintain authorized access only
C) Bandwidth utilization
D) Hardware specifications
E) System uptime statistics
  • 35. Data analysts have an ethical obligation to ensure:
A) Maximum data collection volume
B) Quick report generation
C) Lowest storage costs
D) Data accuracy and avoid biased interpretations
E) Fastest processing speeds
  • 36. Computer scientists conducting research must maintain:
A) Most citations
B) Fastest experimental results
C) Highest grant funding
D) Maximum publication quantity
E) Research integrity and avoid falsification
  • 37. Systems architects must anticipate:
A) Failure modes and embed security by design
B) Minimal documentation requirements
C) Lowest development costs
D) Maximum system performance
E) Fastest deployment times
  • 38. Database specialists have an ethical duty to:
A) Maximize database performance
B) Protect sensitive information and enforce access control
C) Reduce backup frequency
D) Minimize storage costs
E) Ensure fastest query times
  • 39. Which IEEE code emphasizes public safety and welfare as paramount?
A) IEEE #5 – Environmental responsibility
B) IEEE #2 – Technical competence
C) IEEE #3 – Honest claims
D) IEEE #4 – Professional development
E) IEEE #1 – Public safety and welfare
  • 40. IT professionals who abuse privileged access to user data violate which ethical principle?
A) User convenience
B) Respect for privacy and authorized access
C) Technical efficiency
D) Cost optimization
E) System performance
  • 41. When management demands release of software with known security vulnerabilities, ethical whistleblowing requires:
A) Documenting risks clearly and reporting through proper channels
B) Complying with management demands
C) Ignoring the issue to protect job security
D) Quietly fixing the problem without documentation
E) Immediately going to the media
  • 42. According to ethical guidelines, whistleblowing is justified when:
A) Public harm is likely and internal channels have failed
B) Career advancement is needed
C) Media attention is desired
D) Personal gain is possible
E) Company reputation is at stake
  • 43. A network administrator asked to disable logs to hide a data breach should:
A) Report anonymously only
B) Ignore the request completely
C) Delete logs as requested
D) Refuse participation and preserve evidence
E) Comply to maintain job security
  • 44. Conflict of interest occurs when a systems architect favors a proprietary platform due to:
A) User preferences
B) Personal incentives rather than technical merit
C) Company policy requirements
D) Technical specifications
E) Budget constraints
  • 45. What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes utilitarianism from other ethical theories?
A) It prioritizes duties
B) It focuses on rules
C) It emphasizes character
D) It values traditions
E) It is consequentialist
  • 46. Which philosopher is primarily associated with the development of utilitarianism?
A) John Rawls
B) Immanuel Kant
C) Jeremy Bentham
D) Plato
E) Aristotle
  • 47. The greatest happiness principle states that actions are morally right if they result in:
A) Respecting individual rights
B) Maximizing personal gain
C) Following universal rules
D) Developing virtuous character
E) The most happiness for the most people
  • 48. In utilitarianism, hedonism refers to the pursuit of:
A) Pleasure and avoidance of pain
B) Wealth and status
C) Power and influence
D) Fame and recognition
E) Knowledge and wisdom
  • 49. According to utilitarianism, everyone's happiness counts:
A) Equally
B) According to gender
C) Based on age
D) According to wealth
E) Based on social status
  • 50. The trolley problem is used to illustrate which ethical dilemma?
A) Character development
B) Following rules vs. compassion
C) Justice vs. mercy
D) Sacrificing one to save many
E) Duty vs. self-interest
  • 51. In the trolley problem, utilitarianism would recommend:
A) Finding another solution
B) Consulting others first
C) Leaving it to fate
D) Not pulling the lever to avoid responsibility
E) Pulling the lever to save more lives
  • 52. Which critique of utilitarianism states it can justify sacrificing innocents if it maximizes happiness?
A) It is too rule-based
B) It is too abstract
C) It lacks clear guidelines
D) It is culturally biased
E) It ignores individual rights
  • 53. A major challenge of utilitarianism is difficulty in:
A) Predicting and measuring outcomes
B) Developing character
C) Following clear rules
D) Maintaining impartiality
E) Respecting traditions
  • 54. Deontology is classified as a:
A) Culture-based theory
B) Consequentialist theory
C) Non-consequentialist theory
D) Situation-based theory
E) Character-based theory
  • 55. Immanuel Kant is the founder of:
A) Utilitarianism
B) Relativism
C) Deontology
D) Social Contract Theory
E) Virtue Ethics
  • 56. The categorical imperative requires acting according to maxims that can be:
A) Universalized without contradiction
B) Maximized for happiness
C) Developed through practice
D) Approved by authorities
E) Accepted by society
  • 57. In deontology, treating others as ends in themselves means:
A) Using them for personal benefit
B) Controlling their actions
C) Ignoring their needs
D) Respecting their dignity and autonomy
E) Exploiting their weaknesses
  • 58. According to deontology, moral actions are obligatory if they fulfill a:
A) Cultural norm
B) Economic benefit
C) Moral duty
D) Social expectation
E) Personal desire
  • 59. In the lying to protect scenario, deontology recognizes that:
A) Protecting life may justify lying
B) Rules are flexible
C) Lying is always wrong
D) Personal relationships override rules
E) Truth is always paramount
  • 60. Which critique of deontology highlights that rigid rules can lead to harmful outcomes?
A) It is culturally limited
B) It ignores consequences
C) It can be inflexible
D) It lacks character focus
E) It is too outcome-oriented
  • 61. Deontology may create conflicts when duties:
A) Maximize happiness
B) Develop character
C) Follow traditions
D) Contradict each other
E) Serve society
  • 62. Virtue ethics was primarily developed by:
A) Aristotle
B) John Stuart Mill
C) Plato
D) Immanuel Kant
E) Jeremy Bentham
  • 63. Virtue ethics focuses on the:
A) Following moral rules
B) Cultural traditions
C) Outcomes of actions
D) Character and virtues of the individual
E) Social contracts
  • 64. The concept of virtue as the mean refers to:
A) Social approval
B) Strict rule following
C) Maximum happiness
D) Balance between deficiency and excess
E) Personal gain
  • 65. Eudaimonia in virtue ethics refers to:
A) Avoiding pain
B) Gaining power
C) Following rules
D) Maximizing pleasure
E) Flourishing or human happiness
  • 66. In virtue ethics, morality comes from:
A) Obeying authorities
B) Developing good character over time
C) Maximizing outcomes
D) Following universal rules
E) Respecting duties
  • 67. The virtue of courage is the mean between:
A) Cowardice and recklessness
B) Greed and generosity
C) Dishonesty and deception
D) Laziness and overwork
E) Ignorance and wisdom
  • 68. In the grocery helping scenario, virtue ethics emphasizes:
A) Compassion as a character trait
B) Maximizing happiness
C) Following duty
D) Respecting rules
E) Personal convenience
  • 69. Which critique of virtue ethics notes that it provides few clear guidelines for specific actions?
A) Abstract principles
B) Too rule-focused
C) Lack of clear guidelines
D) Ignores consequences
E) Culturally biased
  • 70. Virtue ethics differs from other theories by being more focused on:
A) Outcomes than intentions
B) Society than individuals
C) Culture than principles
D) Rules than character
E) The person than the action
  • 71. Utilitarianism focuses on consequences, while deontology focuses on:
A) Character development
B) Social approval
C) Rules and duties
D) Cultural norms
E) Personal happiness
  • 72. Deontology emphasizes duty regardless of consequences, while utilitarianism emphasizes:
A) Personal relationships
B) Cultural values
C) Outcomes and happiness
D) Character traits
E) Social status
  • 73. Virtue ethics differs from both utilitarianism and deontology by focusing on:
A) Outcome maximization
B) Character development
C) Cultural adaptation
D) Duty fulfillment
E) Rule following
  • 74. In software development, a utilitarian approach would prioritize:
A) Personal professional growth
B) Following coding standards
C) Technical excellence
D) User benefits and societal impact
E) Company profit maximization
  • 75. A deontological software developer would be most concerned with:
A) Following ethical rules and duties
B) Developing personal virtues
C) Meeting deadlines
D) Achieving technical perfection
E) Maximizing user satisfaction
  • 76. Virtue ethics in software development would emphasize:
A) Strict rule adherence
B) Developing professional character
C) Technical skill mastery
D) Career advancement
E) Outcome optimization
  • 77. When facing a deadline vs. quality dilemma, utilitarianism would ask:
A) What follows company policy?
B) What are the professional duties?
C) Which choice benefits more users?
D) What reflects good character?
E) What maximizes profit?
  • 78. In the same dilemma, deontology would prioritize:
A) Financial outcomes
B) Personal integrity
C) User happiness
D) Technical standards
E) Professional duties and rules
  • 79. Virtue ethics in this dilemma would focus on:
A) Demonstrating professional integrity
B) Meeting organizational goals
C) Following established rules
D) Achieving technical goals
E) Maximizing positive outcomes
  • 80. A balanced ethical approach might combine all three theories to:
A) Focus only on outcomes
B) Address different aspects of moral decision-making
C) Ignore character development
D) Simplify decision-making
E) Avoid complex analysis
  • 81. Ethical theories provide frameworks for:
A) Achieving personal goals
B) Understanding moral decisions
C) Following technical procedures
D) Maximizing profits
E) Gaining social status
  • 82. The study of ethical theories helps professionals:
A) Navigate complex moral issues
B) Improve technical skills
C) Increase salary potential
D) Reduce workload
E) Gain management approval
  • 83. Professional negligence in software development includes:
A) Participating in code reviews
B) Skipping tests knowingly and ignoring security vulnerabilities
C) Following standard procedures
D) Working overtime to meet deadlines
E) Documenting code thoroughly
  • 84. Data analysts who manipulate findings to please management are engaging in:
A) Efficient data analysis
B) Appropriate stakeholder management
C) Technical optimization
D) Unethical professional conduct
E) Professional collaboration
  • 85. What distinguishes ethical considerations from legal requirements in software development?
A) Ethics address moral responsibility, law addresses compliance
B) Ethics are optional, law is mandatory
C) Ethics are modern, law is traditional
D) Ethics are technical, law is social
E) Ethics are personal, law is organizational
  • 86. According to the framework, a system can be:
A) Legal and technically correct but ethically questionable
B) Legal but technically flawed
C) Ethical but legally problematic
D) Technical but ethically neutral
E) Ethical and legal but technically poor
  • 87. Which example demonstrates a system that is legal and technical but ethically questionable?
A) User-friendly interface
B) Standard security protocols
C) Proper error handling
D) Excessive data collection
E) Fast performance
  • 88. Ethical decision frameworks help avoid decisions based on:
A) Resource availability
B) Budget constraints
C) Time limitations
D) Personal bias, authority pressure, and convenience
E) Technical requirements
  • 89. The PLUS model helps encourage:
A) Consistent and defensible decisions
B) Technical innovation
C) Faster development
D) Higher profits
E) Better documentation
  • 90. Which of the following is NOT typically considered a stakeholder in software projects?
A) Employers/management
B) Society at large
C) End users
D) Developers and testers
E) Competitors
  • 91. In stakeholder analysis, determining power and vulnerability helps:
A) Calculate project costs
B) Measure technical complexity
C) Evaluate budget requirements
D) Assess timeline feasibility
E) Understand influence and susceptibility
  • 92. When rushing a mobile app release, which stakeholder experiences short-term profit?
A) Users
B) Society
C) Government regulators
D) Developers
E) Company
  • 93. Stakeholder analysis focuses on:
A) Short-term rather than long-term
B) Individual rather than group
C) Impact rather than intent
D) Technical rather than social
E) Intent rather than impact
  • 94. A moral dilemma in software development occurs when:
A) Management demands change
B) Time pressure increases
C) Two or more ethical principles conflict
D) Budget constraints exist
E) Technical problems arise
  • 95. Which factor commonly causes moral dilemmas in software development?
A) Technical expertise
B) Resource abundance
C) Clear requirements
D) Proper planning
E) Time pressure
  • 96. When considering whether to release software with known bugs, what should be evaluated first?
A) Company profits
B) Technical complexity
C) Severity of the bug
D) Development timeline
E) Management preferences
  • 97. Critical bugs affecting safety or security:
A) May be acceptable with warnings
B) Can be fixed post-release
C) Must not be ignored
D) Should be documented only
E) Can be released with patches
  • 98. Which shortcut in software development creates technical debt?
A) Proper documentation
B) Following standards
C) Code reviews
D) Skipping testing
E) Version control
  • 99. Ignoring documentation in software development leads to:
A) Improved security
B) Better performance
C) Easier maintenance
D) Faster development
E) System instability
  • 100. Copying unlicensed code creates what type of risk?
A) Legal violations
B) Technical improvements
C) Easier maintenance
D) Faster deployment
E) Better functionality
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