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SOCPRO REVIEWER PRELIM: ETHICALLY QUESTIONABLE EDITION
Contributed by: Fernandez
  • 1. MADAMI BA?
A) Grabi ka naman boss....
B) I NEED MORE QUESTION!
C) Wla na...finish na...
D) SHIIIIIITTT!!!
E) Sure ka sa mga question na toh?
  • 2. What does the 'P' in the PLUS ethical decision-making model stand for?
A) Procedures
B) Performance
C) Principles
D) Policies
E) People
  • 3. According to the PLUS model, which aspect considers whether an action complies with company policies and professional codes?
A) Legal
B) Standards
C) Self
D) Policies
E) Universal
  • 4. In the PLUS framework, the 'L' component evaluates whether an action is:
A) Lawful
B) Lucrative
C) Legitimate
D) Limited
E) Logical
  • 5. Which PLUS component asks 'Would this action be acceptable if everyone did it?'
A) Policies
B) Societal
C) Legal
D) Self
E) Universal
  • 6. The 'U' in PLUS refers to universal principles such as:
A) Honesty, fairness, and respect for users
B) Usability and accessibility
C) Utility and functionality
D) User experience and interface design
E) Understanding and communication
  • 7. According to the PLUS model, the 'S' component involves:
A) Stakeholder interests
B) Personal integrity and accountability
C) Software standards
D) System requirements
E) Security protocols
  • 8. When applying PLUS to software development, which component would be violated by releasing software with known security vulnerabilities despite company policy?
A) Policies
B) Universal
C) Self
D) Legal
E) Technical
  • 9. In the PLUS model, a developer who refuses to work overtime to meet an unrealistic deadline is primarily considering which component?
A) Policies
B) Self
C) Legal
D) Universal
E) Professional
  • 10. Which PLUS component would be most concerned with data privacy laws like GDPR?
A) Self
B) Universal
C) Legal
D) Policies
E) Technical
  • 11. Stakeholder analysis in software development primarily examines:
A) Who is affected by decisions and how
B) Technical specifications and requirements
C) Project management methodologies
D) Budget constraints and timelines
E) Code quality and testing procedures
  • 12. Which of the following is typically NOT considered a stakeholder in software projects?
A) End users
B) Clients/customers
C) Society at large
D) Developers and testers
E) Competitors
  • 13. In stakeholder analysis, focusing on impact rather than intent means:
A) Meeting project deadlines regardless of outcomes
B) Maximizing profit for shareholders
C) Following organizational procedures strictly
D) Prioritizing technical specifications over user needs
E) Considering actual consequences of actions
  • 14. When rushing a mobile app release, which stakeholder group experiences the most direct negative impact?
A) Users
B) Investors
C) Company management
D) Developers
E) Marketing team
  • 15. A key principle of stakeholder analysis is to:
A) Ignore long-term societal impacts
B) Prioritize management interests above all
C) Consider only technical stakeholders
D) Identify all affected parties and assess benefits/risks
E) Focus only on paying customers
  • 16. In software development, stakeholder analysis helps determine:
A) Fastest development timeline
B) Fairness and responsibility in decision-making
C) Optimal technical solutions
D) Minimum viable product requirements
E) Most profitable features
  • 17. Utilitarianism in ethics focuses primarily on:
A) Intentions and motivations
B) Social norms and customs
C) Character and virtues
D) Outcomes and consequences
E) Rules and duties
  • 18. Which ethical theory would justify releasing software with minor bugs if it benefits the majority of users?
A) Care Ethics
B) Virtue Ethics
C) Deontology
D) Social Contract Theory
E) Utilitarianism
  • 19. The trolley problem is a classic example used to illustrate which ethical theory?
A) Deontology
B) Egoism
C) Virtue Ethics
D) Utilitarianism
E) Relativism
  • 20. Deontological ethics, founded by Immanuel Kant, emphasizes:
A) Following moral rules regardless of consequences
B) Prioritizing personal relationships
C) Developing virtuous character traits
D) Considering cultural differences
E) Maximizing overall happiness
  • 21. According to deontological ethics, lying to protect a friend from harm is:
A) Acceptable only if no one finds out
B) Always right if it saves a life
C) Always wrong regardless of outcome
D) Morally complex and context-dependent
E) Justified only in emergency situations
  • 22. Virtue ethics, developed by Aristotle, focuses on:
A) Cultural norms and traditions
B) The character and moral virtues of the individual
C) Universal moral rules and duties
D) Consequences and outcomes
E) Social contracts and agreements
  • 23. In virtue ethics, courage is described as the mean between:
A) Greedy and generous
B) Cowardice and recklessness
C) Ignorance and wisdom
D) Honest and deceptive
E) Lazy and overworked
  • 24. Which ethical theory would be most concerned with a software developer's personal integrity and professional reputation?
A) Care Ethics
B) Deontology
C) Virtue Ethics
D) Social Contract Theory
E) Utilitarianism
  • 25. A software developer who chooses to help a struggling colleague despite being late for a deadline is demonstrating:
A) Virtue ethics in action
B) Care ethics priority
C) Utilitarian calculation
D) Deontological duty
E) Professional negligence
  • 26. A professional code of conduct is designed to:
A) Define technical standards
B) Set out acceptable behavior for members of a profession
C) Maximize company profits
D) Establish project timelines
E) Create competitive advantages
  • 27. Which of the following is a key component of professional codes of conduct?
A) Financial acumen
B) Project management skills
C) Marketing abilities
D) Integrity and honesty
E) Technical proficiency
  • 28. Professional codes of conduct help establish:
A) Trust with clients, colleagues, and the public
B) Lower production costs
C) Better marketing strategies
D) Technical superiority over competitors
E) Faster development cycles
  • 29. Following professional codes of ethics can produce benefits for:
A) Individuals, profession, and society as a whole
B) Just the employing organization
C) Primarily for regulatory compliance
D) Only the individual professional
E) Exclusively for clients and customers
  • 30. Adherence to professional codes reminds professionals of responsibilities they may be tempted to compromise due to:
A) Time restrictions
B) Day-to-day business pressures
C) Technical limitations
D) Resource availability
E) Budget constraints
  • 31. Professional codes of ethics provide an evaluation benchmark that professionals can use for:
A) Salary negotiations
B) Performance reviews
C) Technical skill development
D) Project planning
E) Self-assessment of ethical behavior
  • 32. According to ACM ethics, software developers have a primary responsibility to:
A) Maximize company profits
B) Write efficient code
C) Minimize development costs
D) Meet project deadlines
E) Avoid harm to users and society
  • 33. Which ACM principle specifically requires software developers to conduct thorough system evaluation?
A) ACM 3.1 – Ensure professional competence
B) ACM 2.5 – Thorough system evaluation
C) ACM 1.2 – Avoid harm
D) ACM 1.1 – Contribute to society
E) ACM 2.6 – Honor confidentiality
  • 34. Network administrators following ACM ethics must respect:
A) Hardware specifications
B) Privacy and maintain authorized access only
C) System uptime statistics
D) Bandwidth utilization
E) Network performance metrics
  • 35. Data analysts have an ethical obligation to ensure:
A) Data accuracy and avoid biased interpretations
B) Fastest processing speeds
C) Maximum data collection volume
D) Quick report generation
E) Lowest storage costs
  • 36. Computer scientists conducting research must maintain:
A) Research integrity and avoid falsification
B) Fastest experimental results
C) Highest grant funding
D) Maximum publication quantity
E) Most citations
  • 37. Systems architects must anticipate:
A) Lowest development costs
B) Minimal documentation requirements
C) Failure modes and embed security by design
D) Fastest deployment times
E) Maximum system performance
  • 38. Database specialists have an ethical duty to:
A) Protect sensitive information and enforce access control
B) Maximize database performance
C) Reduce backup frequency
D) Ensure fastest query times
E) Minimize storage costs
  • 39. Which IEEE code emphasizes public safety and welfare as paramount?
A) IEEE #4 – Professional development
B) IEEE #2 – Technical competence
C) IEEE #1 – Public safety and welfare
D) IEEE #3 – Honest claims
E) IEEE #5 – Environmental responsibility
  • 40. IT professionals who abuse privileged access to user data violate which ethical principle?
A) User convenience
B) Cost optimization
C) Respect for privacy and authorized access
D) System performance
E) Technical efficiency
  • 41. When management demands release of software with known security vulnerabilities, ethical whistleblowing requires:
A) Complying with management demands
B) Ignoring the issue to protect job security
C) Immediately going to the media
D) Quietly fixing the problem without documentation
E) Documenting risks clearly and reporting through proper channels
  • 42. According to ethical guidelines, whistleblowing is justified when:
A) Media attention is desired
B) Personal gain is possible
C) Public harm is likely and internal channels have failed
D) Career advancement is needed
E) Company reputation is at stake
  • 43. A network administrator asked to disable logs to hide a data breach should:
A) Comply to maintain job security
B) Report anonymously only
C) Refuse participation and preserve evidence
D) Ignore the request completely
E) Delete logs as requested
  • 44. Conflict of interest occurs when a systems architect favors a proprietary platform due to:
A) Personal incentives rather than technical merit
B) User preferences
C) Company policy requirements
D) Technical specifications
E) Budget constraints
  • 45. What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes utilitarianism from other ethical theories?
A) It is consequentialist
B) It emphasizes character
C) It focuses on rules
D) It prioritizes duties
E) It values traditions
  • 46. Which philosopher is primarily associated with the development of utilitarianism?
A) Aristotle
B) Jeremy Bentham
C) Immanuel Kant
D) Plato
E) John Rawls
  • 47. The greatest happiness principle states that actions are morally right if they result in:
A) The most happiness for the most people
B) Respecting individual rights
C) Maximizing personal gain
D) Following universal rules
E) Developing virtuous character
  • 48. In utilitarianism, hedonism refers to the pursuit of:
A) Wealth and status
B) Pleasure and avoidance of pain
C) Power and influence
D) Knowledge and wisdom
E) Fame and recognition
  • 49. According to utilitarianism, everyone's happiness counts:
A) According to wealth
B) Based on age
C) Equally
D) Based on social status
E) According to gender
  • 50. The trolley problem is used to illustrate which ethical dilemma?
A) Duty vs. self-interest
B) Justice vs. mercy
C) Following rules vs. compassion
D) Sacrificing one to save many
E) Character development
  • 51. In the trolley problem, utilitarianism would recommend:
A) Finding another solution
B) Pulling the lever to save more lives
C) Leaving it to fate
D) Consulting others first
E) Not pulling the lever to avoid responsibility
  • 52. Which critique of utilitarianism states it can justify sacrificing innocents if it maximizes happiness?
A) It is too rule-based
B) It ignores individual rights
C) It lacks clear guidelines
D) It is culturally biased
E) It is too abstract
  • 53. A major challenge of utilitarianism is difficulty in:
A) Following clear rules
B) Developing character
C) Respecting traditions
D) Predicting and measuring outcomes
E) Maintaining impartiality
  • 54. Deontology is classified as a:
A) Non-consequentialist theory
B) Consequentialist theory
C) Character-based theory
D) Culture-based theory
E) Situation-based theory
  • 55. Immanuel Kant is the founder of:
A) Utilitarianism
B) Virtue Ethics
C) Deontology
D) Social Contract Theory
E) Relativism
  • 56. The categorical imperative requires acting according to maxims that can be:
A) Universalized without contradiction
B) Approved by authorities
C) Accepted by society
D) Maximized for happiness
E) Developed through practice
  • 57. In deontology, treating others as ends in themselves means:
A) Respecting their dignity and autonomy
B) Ignoring their needs
C) Using them for personal benefit
D) Controlling their actions
E) Exploiting their weaknesses
  • 58. According to deontology, moral actions are obligatory if they fulfill a:
A) Moral duty
B) Personal desire
C) Cultural norm
D) Social expectation
E) Economic benefit
  • 59. In the lying to protect scenario, deontology recognizes that:
A) Truth is always paramount
B) Protecting life may justify lying
C) Rules are flexible
D) Lying is always wrong
E) Personal relationships override rules
  • 60. Which critique of deontology highlights that rigid rules can lead to harmful outcomes?
A) It is too outcome-oriented
B) It can be inflexible
C) It is culturally limited
D) It ignores consequences
E) It lacks character focus
  • 61. Deontology may create conflicts when duties:
A) Follow traditions
B) Develop character
C) Maximize happiness
D) Serve society
E) Contradict each other
  • 62. Virtue ethics was primarily developed by:
A) Jeremy Bentham
B) Immanuel Kant
C) Plato
D) John Stuart Mill
E) Aristotle
  • 63. Virtue ethics focuses on the:
A) Following moral rules
B) Outcomes of actions
C) Cultural traditions
D) Social contracts
E) Character and virtues of the individual
  • 64. The concept of virtue as the mean refers to:
A) Balance between deficiency and excess
B) Social approval
C) Strict rule following
D) Maximum happiness
E) Personal gain
  • 65. Eudaimonia in virtue ethics refers to:
A) Avoiding pain
B) Following rules
C) Maximizing pleasure
D) Flourishing or human happiness
E) Gaining power
  • 66. In virtue ethics, morality comes from:
A) Respecting duties
B) Following universal rules
C) Maximizing outcomes
D) Obeying authorities
E) Developing good character over time
  • 67. The virtue of courage is the mean between:
A) Ignorance and wisdom
B) Laziness and overwork
C) Greed and generosity
D) Cowardice and recklessness
E) Dishonesty and deception
  • 68. In the grocery helping scenario, virtue ethics emphasizes:
A) Respecting rules
B) Maximizing happiness
C) Following duty
D) Personal convenience
E) Compassion as a character trait
  • 69. Which critique of virtue ethics notes that it provides few clear guidelines for specific actions?
A) Lack of clear guidelines
B) Abstract principles
C) Too rule-focused
D) Ignores consequences
E) Culturally biased
  • 70. Virtue ethics differs from other theories by being more focused on:
A) Outcomes than intentions
B) The person than the action
C) Culture than principles
D) Rules than character
E) Society than individuals
  • 71. Utilitarianism focuses on consequences, while deontology focuses on:
A) Rules and duties
B) Personal happiness
C) Character development
D) Cultural norms
E) Social approval
  • 72. Deontology emphasizes duty regardless of consequences, while utilitarianism emphasizes:
A) Outcomes and happiness
B) Personal relationships
C) Social status
D) Character traits
E) Cultural values
  • 73. Virtue ethics differs from both utilitarianism and deontology by focusing on:
A) Duty fulfillment
B) Rule following
C) Character development
D) Outcome maximization
E) Cultural adaptation
  • 74. In software development, a utilitarian approach would prioritize:
A) User benefits and societal impact
B) Company profit maximization
C) Technical excellence
D) Personal professional growth
E) Following coding standards
  • 75. A deontological software developer would be most concerned with:
A) Following ethical rules and duties
B) Developing personal virtues
C) Meeting deadlines
D) Achieving technical perfection
E) Maximizing user satisfaction
  • 76. Virtue ethics in software development would emphasize:
A) Strict rule adherence
B) Developing professional character
C) Technical skill mastery
D) Outcome optimization
E) Career advancement
  • 77. When facing a deadline vs. quality dilemma, utilitarianism would ask:
A) What are the professional duties?
B) What follows company policy?
C) Which choice benefits more users?
D) What maximizes profit?
E) What reflects good character?
  • 78. In the same dilemma, deontology would prioritize:
A) Professional duties and rules
B) Technical standards
C) User happiness
D) Financial outcomes
E) Personal integrity
  • 79. Virtue ethics in this dilemma would focus on:
A) Achieving technical goals
B) Meeting organizational goals
C) Demonstrating professional integrity
D) Following established rules
E) Maximizing positive outcomes
  • 80. A balanced ethical approach might combine all three theories to:
A) Address different aspects of moral decision-making
B) Simplify decision-making
C) Focus only on outcomes
D) Avoid complex analysis
E) Ignore character development
  • 81. Ethical theories provide frameworks for:
A) Achieving personal goals
B) Maximizing profits
C) Gaining social status
D) Following technical procedures
E) Understanding moral decisions
  • 82. The study of ethical theories helps professionals:
A) Increase salary potential
B) Improve technical skills
C) Navigate complex moral issues
D) Reduce workload
E) Gain management approval
  • 83. Professional negligence in software development includes:
A) Working overtime to meet deadlines
B) Skipping tests knowingly and ignoring security vulnerabilities
C) Following standard procedures
D) Documenting code thoroughly
E) Participating in code reviews
  • 84. Data analysts who manipulate findings to please management are engaging in:
A) Technical optimization
B) Unethical professional conduct
C) Appropriate stakeholder management
D) Professional collaboration
E) Efficient data analysis
  • 85. What distinguishes ethical considerations from legal requirements in software development?
A) Ethics are technical, law is social
B) Ethics address moral responsibility, law addresses compliance
C) Ethics are modern, law is traditional
D) Ethics are optional, law is mandatory
E) Ethics are personal, law is organizational
  • 86. According to the framework, a system can be:
A) Legal and technically correct but ethically questionable
B) Ethical but legally problematic
C) Legal but technically flawed
D) Ethical and legal but technically poor
E) Technical but ethically neutral
  • 87. Which example demonstrates a system that is legal and technical but ethically questionable?
A) Excessive data collection
B) User-friendly interface
C) Fast performance
D) Proper error handling
E) Standard security protocols
  • 88. Ethical decision frameworks help avoid decisions based on:
A) Personal bias, authority pressure, and convenience
B) Budget constraints
C) Resource availability
D) Technical requirements
E) Time limitations
  • 89. The PLUS model helps encourage:
A) Faster development
B) Better documentation
C) Higher profits
D) Consistent and defensible decisions
E) Technical innovation
  • 90. Which of the following is NOT typically considered a stakeholder in software projects?
A) Employers/management
B) End users
C) Society at large
D) Competitors
E) Developers and testers
  • 91. In stakeholder analysis, determining power and vulnerability helps:
A) Evaluate budget requirements
B) Assess timeline feasibility
C) Calculate project costs
D) Measure technical complexity
E) Understand influence and susceptibility
  • 92. When rushing a mobile app release, which stakeholder experiences short-term profit?
A) Users
B) Government regulators
C) Developers
D) Society
E) Company
  • 93. Stakeholder analysis focuses on:
A) Individual rather than group
B) Short-term rather than long-term
C) Technical rather than social
D) Impact rather than intent
E) Intent rather than impact
  • 94. A moral dilemma in software development occurs when:
A) Management demands change
B) Budget constraints exist
C) Technical problems arise
D) Time pressure increases
E) Two or more ethical principles conflict
  • 95. Which factor commonly causes moral dilemmas in software development?
A) Resource abundance
B) Time pressure
C) Proper planning
D) Technical expertise
E) Clear requirements
  • 96. When considering whether to release software with known bugs, what should be evaluated first?
A) Technical complexity
B) Management preferences
C) Severity of the bug
D) Development timeline
E) Company profits
  • 97. Critical bugs affecting safety or security:
A) Must not be ignored
B) Should be documented only
C) Can be released with patches
D) May be acceptable with warnings
E) Can be fixed post-release
  • 98. Which shortcut in software development creates technical debt?
A) Version control
B) Skipping testing
C) Following standards
D) Proper documentation
E) Code reviews
  • 99. Ignoring documentation in software development leads to:
A) Faster development
B) Improved security
C) System instability
D) Easier maintenance
E) Better performance
  • 100. Copying unlicensed code creates what type of risk?
A) Easier maintenance
B) Better functionality
C) Legal violations
D) Technical improvements
E) Faster deployment
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