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Crucifixion with the Virgin and St John, by Hendrick ter Brugghen
Contributed by: Muir
  • 1. What is the primary medium of Hendrick ter Brugghen's 'Crucifixion with the Virgin and St John'?
A) Fresco
B) Oil on canvas
C) Watercolor on paper
D) Tempera on wood
  • 2. In which century did Hendrick ter Brugghen paint this work?
A) 16th century
B) 18th century
C) 17th century
D) 15th century
  • 3. Which artistic movement is ter Brugghen associated with?
A) French Rococo
B) Dutch Caravaggism
C) German Expressionism
D) Italian Renaissance
  • 4. Which Italian master strongly influenced ter Brugghen's style?
A) Titian
B) Caravaggio
C) Leonardo da Vinci
D) Michelangelo
  • 5. How does ter Brugghen typically handle light in his paintings?
A) Backlighting
B) Natural outdoor light
C) Dramatic chiaroscuro
D) Even, flat lighting
  • 6. Which biblical figure stands to the right of the cross?
A) St. John the Evangelist
B) St. Paul
C) St. Matthew
D) St. Luke
  • 7. What nationality was Hendrick ter Brugghen?
A) Italian
B) Dutch
C) French
D) Flemish
  • 8. Which city was ter Brugghen primarily active in?
A) Rome
B) Amsterdam
C) Utrecht
D) Antwerp
  • 9. What aspect of Caravaggio's style did ter Brugghen adopt?
A) Mythological themes
B) Complex perspective
C) Classical idealism
D) Naturalism and dramatic lighting
  • 10. Which religious group would have commissioned this work?
A) Eastern Orthodox church
B) Protestant reformers
C) Jewish community
D) Catholic patrons
  • 11. What is the primary focus of the composition?
A) Emotional response to crucifixion
B) Architectural details
C) Landscape background
D) Historical accuracy
  • 12. What type of cross is typically depicted?
A) Latin cross
B) Greek cross
C) Tau cross
D) Celtic cross
  • 13. How does the painting create emotional impact?
A) Intimate close composition
B) Multiple figures
C) Large scale
D) Bright colors
  • 14. Which art historical term describes ter Brugghen's group?
A) Utrecht Caravaggisti
B) Leiden Fine Painters
C) Haarlem Mannerists
D) Delft School
  • 15. How does the painting handle religious symbolism?
A) Didactic and clear
B) Subtle and emotional
C) Complex and allegorical
D) Minimal and abstract
  • 16. What is the dominant emotional tone of the painting?
A) Joyful
B) Sorrowful
C) Angry
D) Triumphant
  • 17. What is St John's role in the composition?
A) Comforting the Virgin
B) Fighting soldiers
C) Writing gospels
D) Preaching to crowds
  • 18. When was ter Brugghen born?
A) 1560
B) 1588
C) 1620
D) 1600
  • 19. What type of religious art did ter Brugghen specialize in?
A) Portraits of clergy
B) Church architecture
C) Biblical scenes
D) Illuminated manuscripts
  • 20. Which other Dutch artist was influenced by Caravaggio?
A) Gerrit van Honthorst
B) Vermeer
C) Rembrandt
D) Frans Hals
  • 21. How does ter Brugghen depict the figures' expressions?
A) Abstract forms
B) Smiling
C) Blank and neutral
D) Intense emotion
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