- 1. What is the capital of the Basque Country?
A) Bilbao
B) Pamplona
C) Vitoria-Gasteiz
D) San Sebastián
- 2. Which famous city in the Basque Country is known for its Guggenheim Museum?
A) Rentería
B) Vitoria-Gasteiz
C) San Sebastián
D) Bilbao
- 3. What traditional Basque festival is known for its strongman competitions?
A) Herri Kirolak
B) La Tomatina
C) Fallas
D) San Fermín
- 4. Which river flows through the Basque capital of Vitoria-Gasteiz?
A) Ebro
B) Zadorra
C) Oria
D) Nervión
- 5. Which mountain range runs through the Basque Country?
A) Appalachians
B) Pyrenees
C) Andes
D) Alps
- 6. Which city in the Basque Country is famous for its Film Festival?
A) Vitoria-Gasteiz
B) San Sebastián
C) Bilbao
D) Pamplona
- 7. What is a famous annual festival in the Basque country, known for its running of the bulls?
A) La Fallas
B) La Tomatina
C) San Fermín
D) Oktoberfest
- 8. What is the traditional Basque dance called?
A) Sardana
B) Jota
C) Flamenco
D) Aurresku
- 9. What is the Basque term for 'Basque Country'?
A) País Vasco
B) Pays basque
C) Euskal Herria
D) Herri Euskara
- 10. Which languages have names for the Basque Country as 'Basque: Euskal Herria', 'Spanish: País Vasco', and 'French: Pays basque'?
A) Arabic, Russian, Chinese
B) English, German, Italian
C) Basque, Spanish, French
D) Portuguese, Catalan, Galician
- 11. Which two Autonomous Communities in Spain are part of the Basque Country?
A) Basque Country and Navarre
B) Catalonia and Valencia
C) Andalusia and Extremadura
D) Galicia and Asturias
- 12. What is the main language spoken in the Basque Country?
A) French
B) Catalan
C) Spanish
D) Basque (Euskara)
- 13. Which area of Navarre has a majority that does not consider themselves Basque?
A) North of Navarre
B) West of Navarre
C) South of Navarre
D) East of Navarre
- 14. What is the literal translation of 'Euskal Herria'?
A) 'Place of the sun'
B) 'Country/nation/people/settlement of the Basque language'
C) 'Home of the mountains'
D) 'Land of the brave'
- 15. In which century was the term 'Euskal Herria' first used in Joan Perez de Lazarraga's manuscript?
A) 16th century
B) 18th century
C) 17th century
D) 15th century
- 16. How many traditional territories are included in the Basque Country according to Axular's work?
A) Ten
B) Five
C) Nine
D) Seven
- 17. Which city is the capital of Navarre?
A) Donostia-San Sebastián
B) Vitoria-Gasteiz
C) Bilbao
D) Pamplona-Iruña
- 18. How many provinces make up the Basque Autonomous Community?
A) One
B) Three
C) Two
D) Four
- 19. Which provision in the Spanish Constitution allows Navarre to join the Basque Autonomous Community?
A) Fourth Transitory Provision
B) Third Article
C) Second Amendment
D) First Constitutional Clause
- 20. What is the area of the Chartered Community of Navarre in square kilometers?
A) 7,234 km2
B) 280 km2
C) 20 km2
D) 10,391 km2
- 21. Which political party was the ruling party in Navarre until 2015?
A) Navarrese People's Union
B) Basque Nationalist Party
C) Spanish Socialist Workers' Party
D) People's Party
- 22. What is the name of the Castilian enclave in Álava?
A) Valle de Villaverde
B) Petilla de Aragón
C) Biscay Enclave
D) Treviño enclave
- 23. Which enclave is located in Biscay?
A) Petilla de Aragón
B) Álava Enclave
C) Treviño enclave
D) Valle de Villaverde
- 24. How many enclaves does Navarre hold in Aragon?
A) One
B) Two
C) Three
D) Four
- 25. What is the climate of Bayonne and Biarritz similar to?
A) Desert climate
B) Green Spain's coastal areas
C) Tundra climate
D) Continental Mediterranean climate
- 26. What geological feature lies at the western end of the Pyrenees?
A) Asturian Massif
B) Triassic Basque-Cantabrian Basin
C) La Demanda Massif
D) Cinco Villas Massif
- 27. Which massif is located to the west of the Basque-Cantabrian Basin?
A) Asturian Massif
B) Cinco Villas Massif
C) La Demanda Massif
D) Quinto Real Massif
- 28. What type of limestone is part of the stratigraphic column in the Basque-Cantabrian Basin?
A) Wealdian Complex
B) Supra-Urgonian Complex
C) Siliclastic sediments
D) Urgonian Limestone
- 29. Which mineral was mined from the Urgonian limestone?
A) Zinc
B) Siderite
C) Copper
D) Galena
- 30. How much iron ore was produced from mining siderite in the mid 19th to early 20th century?
A) 100 million tons
B) 500 million tons
C) 50 million tons
D) More than 300 million tons
- 31. Which Greek writer mentioned Basque tribes?
A) Herodotus
B) Homer
C) Strabo
D) Thucydides
- 32. What language contains inscriptions recording names of people and gods in Roman times?
A) Celtic
B) Latin
C) Greek
D) Aquitanian language
- 33. What was the territory between the Ebro and Garonne rivers known as in the Early Middle Ages?
A) Aquitaine
B) Vasconia
C) Cantabria
D) Navarre
- 34. Which English stronghold remained until 1453 in the Basque territories?
A) Bayonne
B) Bordeaux
C) Nantes
D) Toulouse
- 35. Which people were often at odds with and finally overcome by the Visigoths?
A) Vascones
B) Romans
C) Cantabri
D) Franks
- 36. What was the outcome of the Hundred Years' War for Labourd and Soule?
A) They gained independence from England.
B) They were incorporated into France.
C) They became part of the Kingdom of Castile.
D) They remained under English suzerainty.
- 37. In what year did King Henry III of Navarre decree Navarre's permanent independence from France?
A) 1620
B) 1596
C) 1609
D) 1525
- 38. When did the Basque witch trials reach their peak?
A) 1609–1611
B) 1936–1938
C) 1525–1527
D) 1620–1622
- 39. What cry did the Basques support during the Carlist Wars?
A) "Unity in Diversity"
B) "God, Fatherland, King"
C) "For God and Country"
D) "Liberty, Equality, Fraternity"
- 40. When were the regional Charters of the Southern Basque Country finally abolished?
A) 1931
B) 1620
C) 1876
D) 1609
- 41. What is a notable characteristic of the French Basque Country's political status?
A) It was recognized as an independent state in 1876
B) It has full autonomy similar to the Spanish Basque Country
C) It lacks any political or administrative recognition whatsoever
D) It is governed by a separate Basque parliament
- 42. What is the population density of Biscay in people per square kilometer?
A) About 140/km²
B) About 20/km²
C) About 500/km²
D) About 360/km²
- 43. What percentage of the population in the Basque Country Autonomous Community were born outside the region?
A) 20%
B) 50%
C) 40%
D) 30%
- 44. Which group is notable for speaking a mixed language based on Basque grammar with Romani-derived vocabulary?
A) Erromintxela
B) Mercheros
C) Cascarots
D) Cagots
- 45. What derogatory term was used to refer to immigrants from other regions of Spain in the Basque Country?
A) Buhameak
B) Ijituak
C) Maketos
D) Kalderash
- 46. Which historical minority group was allowed to marry only among themselves in Basque villages?
A) Erromintxela
B) Mercheros
C) Franks
D) Cagots
- 47. How many people approximately left the Basque Autonomous Community over the last 25 years?
A) 230,000
B) 300,000
C) 382,000
D) 600,000
- 48. What percentage of people living in the Basque Country Autonomous Community do not have a single Basque parent?
A) 30%
B) 60%
C) 40%
D) 50%
- 49. What was the population of Greater San Sebastian in 2014?
A) 277,812 inhabitants
B) 984,745 inhabitants
C) 447,844 inhabitants
D) 346,716 inhabitants
- 50. What was the population density in the northern inner provinces of Lower Navarre and Soule?
A) About 500/km²
B) About 360/km²
C) About 20/km²
D) About 140/km²
- 51. What was the population of the Metropolitan area of Eibar in 2012?
A) 346,716 inhabitants
B) 70,000 inhabitants
C) 447,844 inhabitants
D) 984,745 inhabitants
- 52. What was the population of the Agglomération Côte Basque Adour in 2013?
A) 277,812 inhabitants
B) 70,000 inhabitants
C) 346,716 inhabitants
D) 126,072 inhabitants
- 53. Which model in Navarre's education system provides education entirely in Spanish?
A) Model B
B) Model D
C) Model G
D) Model A
- 54. In which year was the University of Oñati founded?
A) 1540
B) 1612
C) 1605
D) 1598
- 55. Where was the University of Oñati initially located before moving to Oñati?
A) Sarriko
B) Bilbao
C) Hernani
D) Deusto
- 56. What was the primary reason for establishing the Bilbao Superior Technical School of Engineering in 1897?
A) To create a Jesuit university
B) To provide engineers for local industry
C) To establish a public Basque university
D) To train business graduates
- 57. When was the first modern Basque public university founded?
A) 18 November 1936
B) 1901
C) 1897
D) 1970s
- 58. Which organization manages the University of Navarre?
A) Basque Government
B) Jesuits
C) Opus Dei
D) Mondragón Corporación Cooperativa
- 59. What was the reaction of Spanish nationalism towards the existence of the Basque Country?
A) Recognizing it as a separate region
B) Promoting its cultural heritage
C) Supporting its independence
D) Denying its very existence
- 60. Which coalition came first in parliamentary seats during the 2011 Spanish parliamentary elections?
A) UPN-PP
B) Podemos
C) Amaiur
D) EH Bildu
- 61. Which party secured a seat in Navarre during the 2011 Spanish parliamentary elections?
A) Podemos
B) Geroa Bai
C) EH Bildu
D) Amaiur
- 62. What is the political orientation of EAJ-PNV-PNB?
A) Social-democrat
B) Far-right
C) Christian-democrat with moderate positions
D) Libertarian
- 63. Who was the charismatic lehendakari that led Eusko Alkartasuna for years?
A) Peio Urizar
B) Carlos Garaikoetxea
C) Iñigo Urkullu
D) Begoña Errazti
- 64. Which party was founded as a splinter group from PNV in 1984?
A) EH Bildu
B) Eusko Alkartasuna (EA)
C) Geroa Bai
D) Sortu
- 65. Which party was founded in February 2011 to fill the void left by outlawed parties?
A) EH Bildu
B) Sortu
C) Eusko Alkartasuna
D) Geroa Bai
- 66. Which ideology does Sortu reject as a means of achieving political goals?
A) Pacifism
B) Nationalism
C) Socialism
D) Violence
- 67. Who succeeded Carlos Garaikoetxea as chair of Eusko Alkartasuna?
A) Iñigo Urkullu
B) Xabier Arzalluz
C) Peio Urizar
D) Begoña Errazti
- 68. Which party did a splinter group from Eusko Alkartasuna found?
A) Geroa Bai
B) EH Bildu
C) Hamaikabat
D) Sortu
- 69. Which party is a co-founder of the coalition EH Bildu in the South?
A) Sortu
B) Geroa Bai
C) PNV
D) Eusko Alkartasuna
- 70. Which party is considered the main radical left-wing Basque nationalist party in the French Basque Country?
A) The Republicans
B) Abertzaleen Batasuna
C) Euskal Herria Bai
D) Renaissance
- 71. Which party is allied with the traditional French right and other center-right parties in the Basque Country?
A) French Socialist Party
B) Union of Democrats and Independents
C) Euskal Herria Bai
D) Renaissance
- 72. Who is the president of the Northern Basque Country?
A) A member of Euskal Herria Bai
B) Emmanuel Macron
C) A representative from The Republicans
D) Jean-René Etchegaray
- 73. Which party is the main French green party and an ally of left-wing Basque nationalists in France?
A) The Republicans
B) Renaissance
C) Europe Ecology – The Greens
D) National Rally
- 74. Which far-right, France-wide party has a presence in the French Basque Country?
A) Union of Democrats and Independents
B) National Rally
C) Euskal Herria Bai
D) French Socialist Party
- 75. Which right-wing coalition formed by UPN, PP and Citizens won the 2019 Navarrese regional election?
A) Contigo-Zurekin
B) Geroa Bai
C) Navarra Suma
D) Euskal Herria Bildu
- 76. Which leftist coalition in Navarre is formed by United Left, Batzarre and Podemos?
A) Geroa Bai
B) Navarra Suma
C) Contigo-Zurekin
D) Euskal Herria Bildu
- 77. What percentage of Basques in the Basque Autonomous Community support some kind of self-determination?
A) 36%
B) 70%
C) 60%
D) 50%
- 78. In which year did ETA declare a permanent ceasefire?
A) 1989
B) 2006
C) 1998
D) 2010
- 79. Who is considered the most renowned Basque footballer of all time?
A) Xabi Alonso
B) Mikel Arteta
C) Iker Muniain
D) Andoni Zubizarreta
- 80. Which cyclist won the Tour de France five times?
A) Iban Mayo
B) Samuel Sánchez
C) Abraham Olano
D) Miguel Indurain
- 81. Which sport is popular in Northern Basque Country and has produced players like Bixente Lizarazu?
A) Football
B) Surfing
C) Cycling
D) Rugby Union
- 82. What is the name of the Basque cycling team that was partly funded by the Basque Government?
A) Euskaltel–Euskadi
B) Banesto
C) Biarritz Olympique Pays Basque
D) Movistar Team
- 83. Which Basque player is known for winning two European Championships and one FIFA World Cup?
A) Xabi Alonso
B) Andoni Zubizarreta
C) Jon Andoni Goikoetxea
D) Mikel Arteta
- 84. Which Basque cyclist won the Vuelta a España and the World Championship?
A) Samuel Sánchez
B) Abraham Olano
C) Miguel Indurain
D) Iban Mayo
- 85. Which Basque player captained both Biarritz and France?
A) Samuel Sánchez
B) Michel Celaya
C) Haimar Zubeldia
D) Serge Blanco
- 86. Which Basque athlete became the first woman to climb all fourteen mountains over 8000 meters?
A) Josune Bereziartu
B) Edurne Pasaban
C) Alberto Iñurrategi
D) Juanito Oiarzabal
- 87. Which Basque basketball club is based in Vitoria-Gasteiz?
A) Saski Baskonia
B) Gipuzkoa BC
C) Bilbao Basket
D) Real Sociedad
- 88. Which Basque city hosts the popular Zegama-Aizkorri skyrunning races?
A) Zegama
B) Vitoria-Gasteiz
C) Mundaka
D) Biarritz
- 89. Which Basque football club used to practice a policy similar to Athletic Bilbao's but changed it in the late 1980s?
A) Real Sociedad
B) Alavés
C) Eibar
D) Osasuna
- 90. Which Basque player was a legendary French fullback with Basque heritage?
A) Michel Celaya
B) Samuel Sánchez
C) Serge Blanco
D) Haimar Zubeldia
- 91. Which Basque athlete is a former world champion in rock climbing?
A) Juanito Oiarzabal
B) Patxi Usobiaga
C) Alberto Iñurrategi
D) Edurne Pasaban
- 92. Which Basque city is known for its surfing spots on the world surf circuit?
A) Zegama
B) Vitoria-Gasteiz
C) Mundaka
D) Biarritz
- 93. Which traditional Basque sport involves chopping wood?
A) Harri-jasotzaileak
B) Aizkolaritza
C) Idi probak
D) Sokatira
- 94. What is the Basque sport that involves lifting stones?
A) Idi probak
B) Sokatira
C) Harri-jasotzaileak
D) Aizkolaritza
- 95. Which sport is associated with leading oxen to drag rocks in the Basque Country?
A) Idi probak
B) Harri-jasotzaileak
C) Aizkolaritza
D) Sokatira
- 96. What traditional Basque sport is a form of tug-of-war?
A) Idi probak
B) Aizkolaritza
C) Sokatira
D) Harri-jasotzaileak
- 97. What is the name of Real Sociedad's mascot associated with organ grinders?
A) Harrotxu
B) Bilbaino
C) Sociedad
D) Txurdin
- 98. Which traditional Basque sport involves loading carts?
A) Loading carts as a competition
B) Sailing boats
C) Driving oxen
D) Fishing nets
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