- 1. What is the capital of the Basque Country?
A) Vitoria-Gasteiz
B) San Sebastián
C) Pamplona
D) Bilbao
- 2. Which famous city in the Basque Country is known for its Guggenheim Museum?
A) Rentería
B) San Sebastián
C) Vitoria-Gasteiz
D) Bilbao
- 3. What traditional Basque festival is known for its strongman competitions?
A) San Fermín
B) Herri Kirolak
C) Fallas
D) La Tomatina
- 4. Which river flows through the Basque capital of Vitoria-Gasteiz?
A) Oria
B) Zadorra
C) Nervión
D) Ebro
- 5. Which mountain range runs through the Basque Country?
A) Appalachians
B) Alps
C) Pyrenees
D) Andes
- 6. Which city in the Basque Country is famous for its Film Festival?
A) Vitoria-Gasteiz
B) San Sebastián
C) Pamplona
D) Bilbao
- 7. What is a famous annual festival in the Basque country, known for its running of the bulls?
A) La Fallas
B) Oktoberfest
C) La Tomatina
D) San Fermín
- 8. What is the traditional Basque dance called?
A) Aurresku
B) Sardana
C) Jota
D) Flamenco
- 9. What is the Basque term for 'Basque Country'?
A) Euskal Herria
B) Herri Euskara
C) País Vasco
D) Pays basque
- 10. Which languages have names for the Basque Country as 'Basque: Euskal Herria', 'Spanish: País Vasco', and 'French: Pays basque'?
A) Arabic, Russian, Chinese
B) Basque, Spanish, French
C) English, German, Italian
D) Portuguese, Catalan, Galician
- 11. Which two Autonomous Communities in Spain are part of the Basque Country?
A) Catalonia and Valencia
B) Galicia and Asturias
C) Andalusia and Extremadura
D) Basque Country and Navarre
- 12. What is the main language spoken in the Basque Country?
A) Basque (Euskara)
B) French
C) Spanish
D) Catalan
- 13. Which area of Navarre has a majority that does not consider themselves Basque?
A) East of Navarre
B) North of Navarre
C) West of Navarre
D) South of Navarre
- 14. What is the literal translation of 'Euskal Herria'?
A) 'Land of the brave'
B) 'Place of the sun'
C) 'Country/nation/people/settlement of the Basque language'
D) 'Home of the mountains'
- 15. In which century was the term 'Euskal Herria' first used in Joan Perez de Lazarraga's manuscript?
A) 18th century
B) 15th century
C) 17th century
D) 16th century
- 16. How many traditional territories are included in the Basque Country according to Axular's work?
A) Nine
B) Seven
C) Five
D) Ten
- 17. Which city is the capital of Navarre?
A) Pamplona-Iruña
B) Donostia-San Sebastián
C) Bilbao
D) Vitoria-Gasteiz
- 18. How many provinces make up the Basque Autonomous Community?
A) Four
B) One
C) Three
D) Two
- 19. Which provision in the Spanish Constitution allows Navarre to join the Basque Autonomous Community?
A) Second Amendment
B) First Constitutional Clause
C) Fourth Transitory Provision
D) Third Article
- 20. What is the area of the Chartered Community of Navarre in square kilometers?
A) 10,391 km2
B) 280 km2
C) 20 km2
D) 7,234 km2
- 21. Which political party was the ruling party in Navarre until 2015?
A) Basque Nationalist Party
B) Spanish Socialist Workers' Party
C) Navarrese People's Union
D) People's Party
- 22. What is the name of the Castilian enclave in Álava?
A) Biscay Enclave
B) Petilla de Aragón
C) Treviño enclave
D) Valle de Villaverde
- 23. Which enclave is located in Biscay?
A) Valle de Villaverde
B) Petilla de Aragón
C) Treviño enclave
D) Álava Enclave
- 24. How many enclaves does Navarre hold in Aragon?
A) Four
B) One
C) Two
D) Three
- 25. What is the climate of Bayonne and Biarritz similar to?
A) Green Spain's coastal areas
B) Desert climate
C) Continental Mediterranean climate
D) Tundra climate
- 26. What geological feature lies at the western end of the Pyrenees?
A) La Demanda Massif
B) Cinco Villas Massif
C) Triassic Basque-Cantabrian Basin
D) Asturian Massif
- 27. Which massif is located to the west of the Basque-Cantabrian Basin?
A) La Demanda Massif
B) Cinco Villas Massif
C) Asturian Massif
D) Quinto Real Massif
- 28. What type of limestone is part of the stratigraphic column in the Basque-Cantabrian Basin?
A) Siliclastic sediments
B) Urgonian Limestone
C) Supra-Urgonian Complex
D) Wealdian Complex
- 29. Which mineral was mined from the Urgonian limestone?
A) Siderite
B) Copper
C) Zinc
D) Galena
- 30. How much iron ore was produced from mining siderite in the mid 19th to early 20th century?
A) 100 million tons
B) More than 300 million tons
C) 50 million tons
D) 500 million tons
- 31. Which Greek writer mentioned Basque tribes?
A) Homer
B) Thucydides
C) Strabo
D) Herodotus
- 32. What language contains inscriptions recording names of people and gods in Roman times?
A) Latin
B) Aquitanian language
C) Celtic
D) Greek
- 33. What was the territory between the Ebro and Garonne rivers known as in the Early Middle Ages?
A) Cantabria
B) Navarre
C) Aquitaine
D) Vasconia
- 34. Which English stronghold remained until 1453 in the Basque territories?
A) Toulouse
B) Bordeaux
C) Bayonne
D) Nantes
- 35. Which people were often at odds with and finally overcome by the Visigoths?
A) Vascones
B) Franks
C) Romans
D) Cantabri
- 36. What was the outcome of the Hundred Years' War for Labourd and Soule?
A) They were incorporated into France.
B) They gained independence from England.
C) They remained under English suzerainty.
D) They became part of the Kingdom of Castile.
- 37. In what year did King Henry III of Navarre decree Navarre's permanent independence from France?
A) 1620
B) 1525
C) 1596
D) 1609
- 38. When did the Basque witch trials reach their peak?
A) 1936–1938
B) 1525–1527
C) 1620–1622
D) 1609–1611
- 39. What cry did the Basques support during the Carlist Wars?
A) "God, Fatherland, King"
B) "Unity in Diversity"
C) "For God and Country"
D) "Liberty, Equality, Fraternity"
- 40. When was the first modern Basque public university founded?
A) 1897
B) 1901
C) 18 November 1936
D) 1970s
- 41. Which Basque city is known for its surfing spots on the world surf circuit?
A) Zegama
B) Mundaka
C) Vitoria-Gasteiz
D) Biarritz
- 42. What is the name of the Basque cycling team that was partly funded by the Basque Government?
A) Banesto
B) Euskaltel–Euskadi
C) Biarritz Olympique Pays Basque
D) Movistar Team
- 43. In which year did ETA declare a permanent ceasefire?
A) 2010
B) 1989
C) 1998
D) 2006
- 44. Which ideology does Sortu reject as a means of achieving political goals?
A) Socialism
B) Nationalism
C) Violence
D) Pacifism
- 45. Which party secured a seat in Navarre during the 2011 Spanish parliamentary elections?
A) Geroa Bai
B) Podemos
C) Amaiur
D) EH Bildu
- 46. What percentage of the population in the Basque Country Autonomous Community were born outside the region?
A) 50%
B) 30%
C) 20%
D) 40%
- 47. Which coalition came first in parliamentary seats during the 2011 Spanish parliamentary elections?
A) Amaiur
B) EH Bildu
C) UPN-PP
D) Podemos
- 48. What was the population of the Metropolitan area of Eibar in 2012?
A) 346,716 inhabitants
B) 447,844 inhabitants
C) 984,745 inhabitants
D) 70,000 inhabitants
- 49. Where was the University of Oñati initially located before moving to Oñati?
A) Hernani
B) Sarriko
C) Bilbao
D) Deusto
- 50. Which party is considered the main radical left-wing Basque nationalist party in the French Basque Country?
A) Renaissance
B) The Republicans
C) Abertzaleen Batasuna
D) Euskal Herria Bai
- 51. Which party is a co-founder of the coalition EH Bildu in the South?
A) Geroa Bai
B) Eusko Alkartasuna
C) PNV
D) Sortu
- 52. Which cyclist won the Tour de France five times?
A) Samuel Sánchez
B) Miguel Indurain
C) Abraham Olano
D) Iban Mayo
- 53. Which traditional Basque sport involves loading carts?
A) Sailing boats
B) Fishing nets
C) Loading carts as a competition
D) Driving oxen
- 54. What is the population density of Biscay in people per square kilometer?
A) About 140/km²
B) About 360/km²
C) About 500/km²
D) About 20/km²
- 55. Which sport is popular in Northern Basque Country and has produced players like Bixente Lizarazu?
A) Rugby Union
B) Cycling
C) Surfing
D) Football
- 56. What is the Basque sport that involves lifting stones?
A) Sokatira
B) Aizkolaritza
C) Harri-jasotzaileak
D) Idi probak
- 57. Which Basque cyclist won the Vuelta a España and the World Championship?
A) Abraham Olano
B) Iban Mayo
C) Samuel Sánchez
D) Miguel Indurain
- 58. Which group is notable for speaking a mixed language based on Basque grammar with Romani-derived vocabulary?
A) Erromintxela
B) Cascarots
C) Mercheros
D) Cagots
- 59. Which Basque player captained both Biarritz and France?
A) Samuel Sánchez
B) Michel Celaya
C) Serge Blanco
D) Haimar Zubeldia
- 60. Which Basque athlete is a former world champion in rock climbing?
A) Patxi Usobiaga
B) Edurne Pasaban
C) Alberto Iñurrategi
D) Juanito Oiarzabal
- 61. Which party is the main French green party and an ally of left-wing Basque nationalists in France?
A) National Rally
B) Europe Ecology – The Greens
C) Renaissance
D) The Republicans
- 62. Which Basque city hosts the popular Zegama-Aizkorri skyrunning races?
A) Mundaka
B) Zegama
C) Biarritz
D) Vitoria-Gasteiz
- 63. What was the population of the Agglomération Côte Basque Adour in 2013?
A) 346,716 inhabitants
B) 126,072 inhabitants
C) 277,812 inhabitants
D) 70,000 inhabitants
- 64. Which party is allied with the traditional French right and other center-right parties in the Basque Country?
A) French Socialist Party
B) Euskal Herria Bai
C) Renaissance
D) Union of Democrats and Independents
- 65. In which year was the University of Oñati founded?
A) 1612
B) 1540
C) 1605
D) 1598
- 66. What percentage of people living in the Basque Country Autonomous Community do not have a single Basque parent?
A) 40%
B) 60%
C) 30%
D) 50%
- 67. What derogatory term was used to refer to immigrants from other regions of Spain in the Basque Country?
A) Buhameak
B) Kalderash
C) Maketos
D) Ijituak
- 68. Which Basque football club used to practice a policy similar to Athletic Bilbao's but changed it in the late 1980s?
A) Osasuna
B) Real Sociedad
C) Eibar
D) Alavés
- 69. Who is considered the most renowned Basque footballer of all time?
A) Mikel Arteta
B) Xabi Alonso
C) Iker Muniain
D) Andoni Zubizarreta
- 70. Which party did a splinter group from Eusko Alkartasuna found?
A) Geroa Bai
B) Sortu
C) EH Bildu
D) Hamaikabat
- 71. What percentage of Basques in the Basque Autonomous Community support some kind of self-determination?
A) 50%
B) 60%
C) 70%
D) 36%
- 72. Which party was founded as a splinter group from PNV in 1984?
A) EH Bildu
B) Sortu
C) Geroa Bai
D) Eusko Alkartasuna (EA)
- 73. When were the regional Charters of the Southern Basque Country finally abolished?
A) 1609
B) 1620
C) 1876
D) 1931
- 74. Who is the president of the Northern Basque Country?
A) Emmanuel Macron
B) A representative from The Republicans
C) A member of Euskal Herria Bai
D) Jean-René Etchegaray
- 75. What is the name of Real Sociedad's mascot associated with organ grinders?
A) Txurdin
B) Sociedad
C) Harrotxu
D) Bilbaino
- 76. What traditional Basque sport is a form of tug-of-war?
A) Idi probak
B) Aizkolaritza
C) Harri-jasotzaileak
D) Sokatira
- 77. What was the population of Greater San Sebastian in 2014?
A) 447,844 inhabitants
B) 346,716 inhabitants
C) 984,745 inhabitants
D) 277,812 inhabitants
- 78. Which party was founded in February 2011 to fill the void left by outlawed parties?
A) EH Bildu
B) Eusko Alkartasuna
C) Geroa Bai
D) Sortu
- 79. Who succeeded Carlos Garaikoetxea as chair of Eusko Alkartasuna?
A) Begoña Errazti
B) Peio Urizar
C) Iñigo Urkullu
D) Xabier Arzalluz
- 80. Which Basque athlete became the first woman to climb all fourteen mountains over 8000 meters?
A) Alberto Iñurrategi
B) Edurne Pasaban
C) Josune Bereziartu
D) Juanito Oiarzabal
- 81. Which model in Navarre's education system provides education entirely in Spanish?
A) Model G
B) Model D
C) Model A
D) Model B
- 82. What is a notable characteristic of the French Basque Country's political status?
A) It has full autonomy similar to the Spanish Basque Country
B) It lacks any political or administrative recognition whatsoever
C) It is governed by a separate Basque parliament
D) It was recognized as an independent state in 1876
- 83. What was the primary reason for establishing the Bilbao Superior Technical School of Engineering in 1897?
A) To train business graduates
B) To create a Jesuit university
C) To provide engineers for local industry
D) To establish a public Basque university
- 84. Who was the charismatic lehendakari that led Eusko Alkartasuna for years?
A) Begoña Errazti
B) Iñigo Urkullu
C) Carlos Garaikoetxea
D) Peio Urizar
- 85. Which traditional Basque sport involves chopping wood?
A) Sokatira
B) Aizkolaritza
C) Harri-jasotzaileak
D) Idi probak
- 86. Which Basque player is known for winning two European Championships and one FIFA World Cup?
A) Andoni Zubizarreta
B) Jon Andoni Goikoetxea
C) Mikel Arteta
D) Xabi Alonso
- 87. How many people approximately left the Basque Autonomous Community over the last 25 years?
A) 300,000
B) 600,000
C) 230,000
D) 382,000
- 88. Which leftist coalition in Navarre is formed by United Left, Batzarre and Podemos?
A) Contigo-Zurekin
B) Euskal Herria Bildu
C) Geroa Bai
D) Navarra Suma
- 89. Which sport is associated with leading oxen to drag rocks in the Basque Country?
A) Harri-jasotzaileak
B) Aizkolaritza
C) Idi probak
D) Sokatira
- 90. Which far-right, France-wide party has a presence in the French Basque Country?
A) Euskal Herria Bai
B) French Socialist Party
C) Union of Democrats and Independents
D) National Rally
- 91. Which right-wing coalition formed by UPN, PP and Citizens won the 2019 Navarrese regional election?
A) Contigo-Zurekin
B) Navarra Suma
C) Geroa Bai
D) Euskal Herria Bildu
- 92. What was the population density in the northern inner provinces of Lower Navarre and Soule?
A) About 360/km²
B) About 140/km²
C) About 500/km²
D) About 20/km²
- 93. Which Basque player was a legendary French fullback with Basque heritage?
A) Haimar Zubeldia
B) Samuel Sánchez
C) Michel Celaya
D) Serge Blanco
- 94. Which organization manages the University of Navarre?
A) Basque Government
B) Mondragón Corporación Cooperativa
C) Jesuits
D) Opus Dei
- 95. What is the political orientation of EAJ-PNV-PNB?
A) Libertarian
B) Social-democrat
C) Far-right
D) Christian-democrat with moderate positions
- 96. Which Basque basketball club is based in Vitoria-Gasteiz?
A) Bilbao Basket
B) Real Sociedad
C) Gipuzkoa BC
D) Saski Baskonia
- 97. What was the reaction of Spanish nationalism towards the existence of the Basque Country?
A) Promoting its cultural heritage
B) Supporting its independence
C) Denying its very existence
D) Recognizing it as a separate region
- 98. Which historical minority group was allowed to marry only among themselves in Basque villages?
A) Mercheros
B) Cagots
C) Franks
D) Erromintxela
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