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Franco-Prussian War - Quiz
Contributed by: Doyle
  • 1. What was the date of the Battle of Spicheren?
A) 6 August
B) 4 August
C) 15 August
D) 5 August
  • 2. Who was the aging General responsible for the unplanned move of the 1st Army?
A) Bazaine
B) MacMahon
C) Von Steinmetz
D) Frossard
  • 3. Why was French army supply beyond the Saar deemed impossible?
A) The trains had been destroyed
B) General Le Bœuf rejected the logistics plan
C) Intendant General Wolff stated it was not feasible
D) The French lacked horses
  • 4. What did a patrol from the German 2nd Army mistake for a sign of Frossard's retreat?
A) A note left behind
B) A sudden drop in gunfire
C) Abandoned cannons
D) Decoy fires
  • 5. Where was Frossard's French 2nd Corps positioned?
A) At the Moselle river
B) Between Spicheren and Forbach
C) On the banks of the Rhine
D) Near the city of Wissembourg
  • 6. Why did Frossard fail to request reinforcements early in the battle?
A) He was injured during the first assault
B) He was confident in his position
C) He treated the attacks as minor skirmishes
D) His telegraph lines were cut
  • 7. Which weapon caused relatively high casualties for the German forces?
A) Chassepot rifle
B) Krupp artillery
C) Dreyse needle gun
D) Gatling gun
  • 8. What caused the delay in moving reserves under Bazaine to the battlefield?
A) A direct order from Napoleon III
B) The destruction of a key bridge
C) Seriously flawed communications
D) Heavy rain and mud
  • 9. Why did Frossard ultimately retreat after dusk?
A) He ran out of ammunition
B) He feared he was being outflanked
C) He received orders to surrender
D) He was captured by German troops
  • 10. How did the Germans react on the morning after the battle?
A) They were disappointed that the French had reinforced
B) They were startled to find Frossard had abandoned the heights
C) They were ordered to retreat back to Saarbrücken
D) They began a major victory parade
  • 11. Who was the commander of the French 2nd Corps?
A) Frossard
B) MacMahon
C) Le Bœuf
D) Bazaine
  • 12. What was Moltke's original plan for Bazaine's army?
A) Drawing them out into an open field battle
B) Immediate total destruction by artillery
C) Keep them on the Saar until surrounding armies arrived
D) Forcing a surrender through blockade
  • 13. Which general was spotted by Frossard in Forbach, contributing to his fear of being outflanked?
A) Von Steinmetz
B) Friedrich Karl
C) Von Glume
D) Moltke
  • 14. Which army did General MacMahon command?
A) The German 2nd Army
B) A French army
C) The Prussian reserve
D) The German 1st Army
  • 15. What was the nature of the defensive position adopted by the French after advice from Wolff?
A) A highly concentrated line of deep reserves
B) A unified front across the entire border
C) A mobile defense meant for rapid retreat
D) Protected against every attack point but unable to support each other
  • 16. What is another name for the Franco-Prussian War?
A) War of 1870
B) The Seven Weeks' War
C) The Crimean Conflict
D) The Napoleonic Wars
  • 17. When did the Franco-Prussian War end?
A) 28 January 1871
B) 10 May 1871
C) 4 September 1870
D) 19 July 1870
  • 18. Which candidate's offer to the Spanish throne triggered the diplomatic crisis?
A) Napoleon III
B) Emile Ollivier
C) Wilhelm I
D) Leopold of Hohenzollern
  • 19. Which southern German state was NOT among those that joined the North German Confederation?
A) Saxony
B) Bavaria
C) Baden
D) Württemberg
  • 20. What was the name of the telegram Bismarck altered to provoke France?
A) Frankfurt Dispatch
B) Ems Dispatch
C) Berlin Telegram
D) Paris Communiqué
  • 21. Which document ended the Franco-Prussian War?
A) Treaty of Versailles
B) Treaty of Berlin
C) Treaty of Frankfurt
D) Treaty of Paris
  • 22. What event followed the war in Paris as a result of resentment?
A) Paris Commune
B) The Napoleonic Coup
C) The Reign of Terror
D) The Second Empire
  • 23. What did Bismarck call France's territorial demands?
A) The French ambition
B) The tipping policy
C) Politique des pourboires
D) Realpolitik
  • 24. Who replaced the pacifist Foreign Minister Napoléon, comte Daru?
A) Jacques Louis Randon
B) Emile Ollivier
C) Adolphe Thiers
D) Agenor, duc de Gramont
  • 25. What was the date of the French declaration of war?
A) 15 July 1870
B) 13 July 1870
C) 19 July 1870
D) 2 August 1870
  • 26. Which group in the French court was known as the 'mameluks'?
A) The republican opposition
B) The imperial guards
C) The diplomatic corps
D) The war party
  • 27. What was the approximate peacetime strength of the French Army?
A) 426,000 soldiers
B) 288,000 soldiers
C) 800,000 soldiers
D) 400,000 soldiers
  • 28. Prior to 1869, how were French conscripts selected?
A) By lottery
B) By volunteer application
C) By physical fitness testing
D) By ballot
  • 29. How long was the period of service for French conscripts before 1869?
A) Five years
B) Three years
C) Seven years
D) Ten years
  • 30. After the Seven Weeks War, how many men did it calculate the French could field against Prussia?
A) 1,000,000 men
B) 288,000 men
C) 800,000 men
D) 426,000 men
  • 31. Who was the Marshal responsible for the urgent French military reforms?
A) François Achille Bazaine
B) Adolphe Niel
C) Patrice de MacMahon
D) Napoleon III
  • 32. What was the planned strength of the French army after mobilization reforms?
A) 800,000 men
B) 400,000 men
C) 288,000 men
D) 1,000,000 men
  • 33. What was the nominal strength of the Garde Mobile?
A) 800,000 men
B) 288,000 men
C) 426,000 men
D) 400,000 men
  • 34. What was the maximum effective range of the Chassepot rifle?
A) 1,000 metres
B) 500 metres
C) 1,500 metres
D) 2,000 metres
  • 35. What mechanism sealed the Chassepot rifle?
A) A metal spring lock
B) A rubber ring seal
C) A hydraulic pressure valve
D) A screw-in bolt
  • 36. What type of artillery did the French army possess?
A) Smoothbore iron cannons
B) Breech-loading steel howitzers
C) Rifled, muzzle-loaded La Hitte guns
D) Modern field mortars
  • 37. How was the mitrailleuse deployed in the field?
A) Mounted on horseback
B) Distributed to infantry squads
C) Fixed in permanent concrete bunkers
D) Grouped in batteries like cannons
  • 38. Who nominally led the French army during the war?
A) Napoleon III
B) Adolphe Niel
C) Patrice de MacMahon
D) François Achille Bazaine
  • 39. What was the nature of the only campaign plan prepared between 1866 and 1870?
A) Defensive
B) Offensive
C) Guerrilla warfare
D) Naval blockading
  • 40. Which kingdom led the North German Confederation during the Franco-Prussian War?
A) Bavaria
B) Prussia
C) Saxony
D) Austria
  • 41. Which historical battle inspired German encirclement tactics?
A) Austerlitz
B) Waterloo
C) Königgrätz
D) Cannae
  • 42. What was the name of the rifle used by the Prussian army?
A) Krupp rifle
B) Dreyse needle gun
C) Chassepot rifle
D) Mauser bolt-action
  • 43. What was the maximum effective range of the Dreyse needle gun?
A) 1,200 meters
B) 300 meters
C) 600 meters
D) 1,000 meters
  • 44. Which artillery piece gave the Prussians an advantage over French cannons?
A) French bronze muzzle loading cannon
B) Austrian iron smoothbore cannon
C) British naval artillery
D) Krupp 6-pounder steel breech-loading cannon
  • 45. From which institution were General Staff officers hand-picked?
A) Prussian Kriegsakademie
B) Potsdam Officer School
C) Royal Cadet Academy
D) Berlin Military College
  • 46. What type of shell did the Krupp gun fire?
A) Contact-detonated shell
B) Solid shot
C) Time-fused shell
D) Incendiary projectile
  • 47. How many men strong was the Army of the Rhine initially?
A) 250,500
B) 202,448
C) 150,000
D) 300,000
  • 48. Which marshal took command of I Corps?
A) General Frossard
B) Marshal MacMahon
C) Marshal Canrobert
D) Marshal Niel
  • 49. Where was VI Corps stationed as a reserve?
A) Paris
B) Metz
C) Châlons-sur-Marne
D) Wissembourg
  • 50. Who brought VI Corps to Châlons-sur-Marne?
A) Napoleon III
B) Marshal François Canrobert
C) Marshal MacMahon
D) General Lebrun
  • 51. Where was I Corps expected to invade under the defensive plan?
A) Prussian Rhineland
B) Bavarian Palatinate
C) Belgium
D) Châlons-sur-Marne
  • 52. How many casualties did the French suffer during the battle for Saarbrücken?
A) 83
B) 16
C) 86
D) 40
  • 53. Which Prussian commander was positioned opposite the line Forbach-Spicheren?
A) Crown Prince Friedrich Wilhelm
B) General Karl von Steinmetz
C) Prince Friedrich Karl
D) General Frossard
  • 54. Where was the Prussian Third Army poised to cross the border?
A) Saarlouis
B) Forbach
C) Saarbrücken
D) Wissembourg
  • 55. How far north of Saarbrücken was the Prussian Third Army located?
A) 30 miles
B) 50 miles
C) 20 miles
D) 48 miles
  • 56. Who commanded the 1st Division of the French army?
A) Abel Douay
B) General Le Bœuf
C) General Frossard
D) Auguste-Alexandre Ducrot
  • 57. Which French division was posted to watch the border at Wissembourg?
A) 2nd Division
B) 1st Division
C) 3rd Division
D) 4th Division
  • 58. How did General Abel Douay die?
A) A caisson exploded near him
B) During the hand-to-hand fighting in the town
C) He was captured and executed
D) He was shot by a Prussian sniper
  • 59. Near which town did the Battle of Wörth occur?
A) Saverne
B) Frœschwiller
C) Bitche
D) Wissembourg
  • 60. Approximately how many French soldiers were taken prisoner?
A) 35,000
B) 9,200
C) 140,000
D) 10,500
  • 61. What percentage of the French force was lost in the battle?
A) About 75%
B) About 50%
C) About 10%
D) About 25%
  • 62. What geographical feature was Fröschwiller located on?
A) A valley
B) A mountain pass
C) A riverbank
D) A hilltop
  • 63. In which direction did the French army retreat?
A) Easterly
B) Southerly
C) Westerly
D) Northerly
  • 64. What natural landmark did the French hope to cross during their retreat?
A) The Pyrenees
B) The Jura mountains
C) The Vosges mountains
D) The Alps
  • 65. How many German casualties were recorded in the Battle of Mars-la-Tour according to the German Official History?
A) 15,780
B) 12,275
C) 13,761
D) 20,163
  • 66. What was the total number of German troops at the Battle of Gravelotte?
A) 112,800
B) 188,332
C) 30,000
D) 160,000
  • 67. Where was the southern left flank of the French army positioned at Gravelotte?
A) Rozérieulles
B) Rezonville
C) Roncourt
D) St. Privat
  • 68. Where was the northern right flank of the French army positioned at Gravelotte?
A) Rozérieulles
B) Vionville
C) St. Privat
D) Mance ravine
  • 69. Which German corps advanced across the Mance ravine during the Battle of Gravelotte?
A) III Corps
B) VII Corps
C) XII Corps
D) II Corps
  • 70. What weapons were used by the French in concealed positions at Gravelotte?
A) Mitrailleuses
B) Flamethrowers
C) Mortars
D) Grenades
  • 71. How many total French casualties were reported at the Battle of Gravelotte?
A) 13,761
B) 12,275
C) 20,163
D) 15,780
  • 72. How long after the Battle of Gravelotte did the French Army of the Rhine surrender?
A) Three days
B) Two weeks
C) Two months
D) One month
  • 73. What activity was Marshal Bazaine mockingly accused of doing during the siege of Metz?
A) Writing memoirs
B) Painting portraits
C) Reading poetry
D) Playing dominoes
  • 74. Which Prussian commander found relief in Bazaine's inactivity at Metz?
A) The Crown Prince of Saxony
B) Moltke
C) Frederick William
D) Bismarck
  • 75. In which direction did the Army of Châlons march initially to avoid the Prussians?
A) Northwest
B) Northeast
C) Southwest
D) Southeast
  • 76. Where did General Margueritte lead his cavalry charges?
A) Floing
B) Metz
C) Beaumont
D) Châlons
  • 77. What event paved the way for the Siege of Paris?
A) The defeat at Sedan
B) The battle at Beaumont
C) The retreat from Gravelotte
D) The surrender at Metz
  • 78. How many cannons did the French lose at Beaumont?
A) 40
B) 774
C) 100
D) 564
  • 79. What was Marshal Bazaine's political orientation?
A) Socialist
B) Republican
C) Royalist
D) Bonapartist
  • 80. On what date did Bazaine's army surrender at Metz?
A) 4 September
B) 19 September
C) 26 October
D) 6 September
  • 81. Who was the individual described as a 'sinister figure' and potentially a buffoon?
A) Léon Gambetta
B) General Trochu
C) Jules Favre
D) M. Edmond Regnier
  • 82. Which French leader declared that France would not yield 'an inch of its territory nor a stone of its fortresses'?
A) Léon Gambetta
B) Napoleon III
C) General Trochu
D) Jules Favre
  • 83. Who commanded the Army of the Vosges?
A) General Trochu
B) Giuseppe Garibaldi
C) Léon Gambetta
D) Marshal Bazaine
  • 84. How many new army corps did Gambetta's government form in less than four months?
A) Three
B) Eight
C) Eleven
D) Twenty-six
  • 85. How many artillery batteries were created by Gambetta's government during the war?
A) 888
B) 11
C) 238
D) 173
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