12-11-25 Welding Midterm Review 2025
  • 1. What is the base metal?
A) The metal to be welded
B) The weld bead
C) The flux coating
D) The shielding gas makes sparks
  • 2. What is an arc?
A) Light from welding
B) Flow of electricity through a gaseous space or air gap
C) A type of electrode
D) A joint type that lets light fly around everywhere
  • 3. What is arc length?
A) Length of the weld
B) The distance from the electrode to the weld pool
C) Length of the rod
D) The distance from the gap between plates and the clamp wire
  • 4. What is undercut?
A) A groove melted into base metal left unfilled
B) A grove melted into the base metal that is a misaligned joint
C) Extra filler metal
D) A surface crack
  • 5. What is a crater?
A) A porosity pocket in the face of the weld
B) A buildup of slag in the face of the weld
C) A depression in the face of the weld
D) A melted rod tip in the face of the weld
  • 6. What is the axis of weld?
A) Imaginary line through center of weld metal
B) Imaginary line through HAZ boundary
C) Imaginary line through top of the bead
D) Imaginary line through weld toe
  • 7. What is spatter?
A) Metal particles expelled that do not form part of the weld
B) Gas bubbles expelled that do not form part of the weld
C) Falling flux expelled that do not form part of the weld
D) Arc blow expelled that do not form part of the weld
  • 8. What is slag inclusion?
A) Hot cracks trapped in the weld pool at the end
B) Non-metallic material trapped in weld
C) Undercut failure
D) Steel trapped in slag
  • 9. What is a joint?
A) filler metal
B) Location where two or more members are joined
C) The end of the metal piece that is welded first.
D) a welding defect
  • 10. What is a crater crack?
A) A stress fracture formed cause metal was too clean
B) A cold shut
C) A crack in the crater of a weld bead
D) A centerline crack
  • 11. What is ductility
A) Ability to stay magnetized
B) Ability to remain cold.
C) Ability to resist rust
D) Ability to deform without failure
  • 12. What is duty cycle?
A) Machine lifespan over a 10 min period
B) Percentage of time welders operate at rated output
C) Electrode burn rate is working nonstop
D) Arc stability rating
  • 13. What is filler metal?
A) Metal added to make a welded joint
B) Flux coating
C) Distance fusion extends into base metal
D) Metal base plate
  • 14. What is depth of fusion?
A) Distance bead width extends
B) Weld height
C) Rod penetration
D) Distance fusion extends into base metal
  • 15. What is penetration?
A) Bead surface depth
B) Slag depth
C) Arc reach
D) Extent weld metal combines with base metal
  • 16. What is deposition rate?
A) Weight of metal deposited per unit time
B) Length welded per hour
C) Amount of slag produced
D) Heat generated
  • 17. What does SMAW stand for?
A) Stick Metal Arc Work
B) Solid Metal Arc Welding
C) Shielded Mechanical Arc Welding
D) Shielded Metal Arc Welding
  • 18. What is SMAW?
A) Uses shielding gas
B) Uses heat of an arc between covered electrode and the work
C) Uses tungsten electrode
D) Purely mechanical process
  • 19. Advantage of SMAW?
A) Fully automated
B) No slag
C) High speed
D) Portable and inexpensive
  • 20. Disadvantage of SMAW?
A) Only works indoors
B) Cannot weld steel
C) Requires gas bottles
D) It’s slow
  • 21. 7018 can use:
A) AC only
B) AC or DC
C) Neither
D) DC only
  • 22. What polarity do we weld with?
A) Alternating ground
B) Straight polarity
C) Reverse polarity
D) No polarity
  • 23. Reverse polarity:
A) Ground floats
B) No polarity exists
C) Electrode negative
D) Electrode is positive, ground negative
  • 24. Two safety points:
A) Proper ventilation and protective clothing
B) Avoid using gloves never safety glasses
C) Use small rods and low heat
D) Always weld outside use sitka gloves
  • 25. SMAW electrode:
A) Consumable electrode covered with flux
B) TIG tungsten
C) Carbon rod
D) MIG wire
  • 26. Strength of 7018 rod:
A) 40k psi
B) 18k psi
C) 120k psi
D) 70k psi
  • 27. Meaning of 3rd digit in 7018:
A) Positive polarity rod
B) Welding position
C) Coating type
D) Rod length
  • 28. Meaning of 4th digit in 7018:
A) Composition of rod
B) Diameter
C) Arc length
D) Strength
  • 29. Four rod groups:
A) High carbon, low carbon, stainless, alloy
B) Inert, reactive, passive, active
C) Soft rods, hard rods, hot rods, cold rods
D) Celluosic, Rutile, Basic/low Hydrogen, Iron Powder
  • 30. DCEP:
A) Direct Current Electrode Positive
B) Direct Coil Energy Pulse
C) Direct Current Elevated Pressure
D) Dual Current Electrode Phase
  • 31. Why put rods in oven?
A) sterilize
B) Reduce moisture
C) heat for penetration
D) Prevent Bending
  • 32. Minimum oven temperature?
A) 100°F
B) 500°F
C) 250°F
D) 175°F
  • 33. E stands for:
A) Earth
B) Electrode
C) Edge
D) Energy
  • 34. Rod lengths:
A) 1–2 feet
B) 3–6 inches
C) 9–18 inches
D) 20–30 inches
  • 35. MR or R:
A) Metal rod
B) Machine ready
C) Moisture resistant
D) Medium rated
  • 36. Base metal we use:
A) Cast iron
B) Stainless steel
C) Aluminum
D) A36 mild steel
  • 37. Light produced in welding:
A) Blue spectrum only
B) Electro violet and ultra red light
C) X‑ray emissions
D) Green infrared
  • 38. Five joint types:
A) Curve, twist, bend, fold, lock
B) Lap, butt, edge, corner, T-joint
C) Arc, gas, flux, rod, plate
D) Root, face, toe, leg, web
  • 39. AWS:
A) American Welding Society
B) American Wire Service
C) Advanced Weld Standards
D) Arc Welding System
  • 40. Heat affected zone:
A) Metal altered but not melted
B) Slag-covered area
C) Metal melted completely
D) Joint line
  • 41. PJP:
A) Parallel Joint Pass
B) Primary Joint Preparation
C) Partial Joint Penetration
D) Pressure Joint Process
  • 42. CJP:
A) Complete Joint Penetration
B) Controlled Joint Process
C) Cut Joint Position
D) Central Joint Plane
  • 43. 1F:
A) Flat fillet
B) Overhead fillet
C) Vertical fillet
D) Flat groove
  • 44. 2F
A) Horizontal groove
B) Flat Fillet
C) Horizontal fillet
D) Vertical groove
  • 45. 3F
A) Overhead fillet
B) Horizontal groove
C) Flat fillet
D) Vertical fillet
  • 46. 4F:
A) Flat groove
B) Overhead fillet
C) Horizontal fillet
D) Vertical fillet
  • 47. 1G:
A) Flat groove
B) Flat fillet
C) Vertical groove
D) Overhead groove
  • 48. 2G:
A) Vertical groove
B) Horizontal fillet
C) Flat groove
D) Horizontal groove
  • 49. 3G:
A) Flat groove
B) Overhead groove
C) Horizontal fillet
D) Vertical groove
  • 50. 4G:
A) Horizontal fillet
B) Overhead groove
C) Flat groove
D) Vertical groove
  • 51. Weave:
A) Weld bead made with transverse movement
B) Cleaning motion
C) Slag brushing
D) Root buildup
  • 52. No large amount of ______ should be in the weld
A) Mercury
B) Oxygen
C) Sulphur
D) Hydrogen
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