1ST_QUARTER_MARCIANO_EARTHandLIFESCI_HUMSS/ABM11
  • 1. Which Earth layer is liquid and responsible for the magnetic field?
A) Crust
B) Inner core
C) Outer core
D) Mantle
  • 2. Which event marks the beginning of the Universe?
A) Formation of Earth
B) Big Bang
C) Supernova explosion
D) Formation of Sun
  • 3. Which part of the Earth is solid and metallic?
A) Inner core
B) Outer core
C) Crust
D) Mantle
  • 4. Which subsystem is the largest water reservoir?
A) Cryosphere
B) Hydrosphere
C) Atmosphere
D) Biosphere
  • 5. Which sphere interacts directly with weather systems?
A) Biosphere
B) Atmosphere
C) Hydrosphere
D) Geosphere
  • 6. Plants converting CO₂ to O₂ shows the interaction of:
A) Biosphere–Atmosphere
B) Biosphere–Geosphere
C) Atmosphere–Hydrosphere
D) Hydrosphere–Geosphere
  • 7. Which is NOT a characteristic of a mineral?
A) Naturally occurring
B) Crystalline structure
C) Inorganic
D) Man-made
  • 8. The hardest mineral on Mohs scale is:
A) Corundum
B) Diamond
C) Quartz
D) Talc
  • 9. Luster refers to:
A) Way mineral reflects light
B) Mineral color
C) Mineral weight
D) Mineral streak
  • 10. A mineral’s true color in powdered form is:
A) Luster
B) Streak
C) Hardness
D) Cleavage
  • 11. The softest mineral is:
A) Fluorite
B) Gypsum
C) Calcite
D) Talc
  • 12. Which is an igneous rock?
A) Basalt
B) Shale
C) Limestone
D) Sandstone
  • 13. Which rock forms from compaction of sediments?
A) Sedimentary
B) Volcanic glass
C) Metamorphic
D) Igneous
  • 14. Which process breaks down rocks into smaller pieces without changing composition?
A) Physical weathering
B) Chemical weathering
C) Deposition
D) Erosion
  • 15. The movement of rock material by water, wind, or ice is:
A) Weathering
B) Erosion
C) Deposition
D) Compaction
  • 16. The main source of Earth’s internal heat is:
A) Sunlight
B) Volcanoes
C) Earthquakes
D) Radioactive decay
  • 17. Mantle convection drives:
A) Plate tectonics
B) Weather systems
C) River erosion
D) Ocean tides
  • 18. Magma that reaches Earth’s surface is called:
A) Ash
B) Tephra
C) Lava
D) Pumice
  • 19. Which explains why oceanic crust is younger than continental crust?
A) Continental crust erodes faster.
B) Oceanic crust is constantly recycled at subduction zones.
C) Continental crust melts easily.
D) Oceanic crust is stronger.
  • 20. Which interaction shows how humans are affected by Earth’s internal heat?
A) Lava flows destroy communities.
B) Typhoon floods farmland.
C) Icebergs melt due to climate change.
D) Rivers deposit sediments.
  • 21. Why is Earth’s magnetic field essential for life?
A) It provides light during the night
B) It prevents harmful solar radiation from directly hitting Earth
C) It creates the ozone layer
  • 22. Which best explains why the biosphere depends on the geosphere?
A) The geosphere supplies gases
B) The geosphere provides soil, nutrients, and habitat for organisms
C) The geosphere creates rainfall
D) The geosphere produces sunlight
  • 23. Why does the rock cycle have no beginning or end?
A) Rocks cannot change forms
B) Only igneous rocks exist in the cycle
C) Any rock type can transform into another through Earth processes
D) Sedimentary rocks end the cycle permanently
  • 24. Which part of the Earth is made mostly of iron and nickel?
A) Lithosphere
B) Inner core
C) Mantle
D) Crust
  • 25. The type of rock that forms when heat and pressure change an existing rock is:
A) Sedimentary
B) Metamorphic
C) Volcanic
D) Igneous
  • 26. Which layer of the Earth is liquid?
A) Inner core
B) Mantle
C) Outer core
D) Crust
  • 27. Which weathering process involves rusting of rocks with iron?
A) Physical weathering
B) Deposition
C) Mechanical breakdown
D) Chemical weathering
  • 28. Which Earth subsystem includes all living things?
A) Atmosphere
B) Hydrosphere
C) Biosphere
D) Geosphere
  • 29. Which mineral test involves scratching the surface with a nail or glass plate?
A) Hardness test
B) Streak test
C) Density test
D) Cleavage test
  • 30. Which Earth process recycles rocks from one type to another?
A) Rock cycle
B) Water cycle
C) Nitrogen cycle
D) Carbon cycle
  • 31. Which subsystem acts as Earth’s “life-support system” because it contains air?
A) Hydrosphere
B) Atmosphere
C) Biosphere
D) Geosphere
  • 32. Which subsystem covers about 71% of the Earth’s surface?
A) Geosphere
B) Hydrosphere
C) Biosphere
D) Atmosphere
  • 33. The animals, plants, and humans all belong to which subsystem?
A) Atmosphere
B) Biosphere
C) Geosphere
D) Hydrosphere
  • 34. Which process links the atmosphere and hydrosphere directly?
A) Earthquake
B) Evaporation and condensation
C) Volcanic eruption
D) Plate tectonics
  • 35. Which natural event shows the interaction of all four subsystems?
A) Earthquake
B) Rainfall
C) Volcanic eruption
D) Wind erosion
  • 36. Which sphere interaction occurs during a typhoon?
A) Geosphere–Hydrosphere
B) Lithosphere–Atmosphere
C) Atmosphere–Hydrosphere
D) Geosphere–Biosphere
  • 37. If a volcanic eruption releases much ash, which subsystem is first affected?
A) Biosphere
B) Atmosphere
C) Geosphere
D) Hydrosphere
  • 38. Which event best shows biosphere–geosphere interaction?
A) A landslide blocking a river
B) A flood washing away houses
C) A tree growing roots into rocks
D) Volcanic ash affecting weather
  • 39. Which condition causes rapid chemical weathering?
A) High altitude mountain
B) Dry plains
C) Cold desert
D) Warm humid climate
  • 40. A landslide that destroys farmland affects which subsystem first?
A) Biosphere
B) Cryosphere
C) Hydrosphere
D) Atmosphere
  • 41. A volcanic eruption that triggers a lahar involves which subsystems?
A) Biosphere, cryosphere, lithosphere
B) Geosphere, atmosphere, biosphere
C) Atmosphere, cryosphere, biosphere
D) Atmosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere
  • 42. During a heavy typhoon, a river overflows and destroys crops. Which spheres interacted?
A) Geosphere and cryosphere
B) Atmosphere and hydrosphere
C) Atmosphere and geosphere
D) Biosphere and hydrosphere
  • 43. An earthquake under the ocean triggers a tsunami. Which subsystem interaction is shown?
A) Geosphere–atmosphere–biosphere
B) Atmosphere–biosphere–geosphere
C) Hydrosphere–atmosphere only
D) Geosphere–hydrosphere–biosphere
  • 44. Farmers rely on rainfall to grow crops. Which two subsystems mainly support this activity?
A) Atmosphere and geosphere
B) Atmosphere and hydrosphere
C) Hydrosphere and biosphere
D) Geosphere and biosphere
  • 45. An oil spill contaminates seawater and kills marine life. This is an interaction between:
A) Atmosphere and hydrosphere
B) Hydrosphere and biosphere
C) Geosphere and biosphere
D) Atmosphere and biosphere
  • 46. Which situation best illustrates the effect of human activity on exogenic processes?
A) Earthquakes damaging buildings
B) Volcanic eruption releasing ash
C) Formation of deltas in rivers
D) Planting trees on slopes to prevent erosion
  • 47. If you were to identify a mineral for jewelry, which property is most important?
A) Streak
B) Cleavage
C) Hardness
D) Luster
  • 48. Which statement best evaluates the role of Earth’s internal heat?
A) It is not significant for Earth processes
B) It only affects surface weathering
C) It only causes earthquakes
D) It drives plate tectonics and volcanic activity
  • 49. A government plans to build a large dam. Which sphere interactions must they evaluate carefully?
A) Cryosphere only
B) Atmosphere only
C) Atmosphere and space
D) Geosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere
  • 50. A student claims “igneous rocks are the most important because all rocks originate from magma.” How should you evaluate this?
A) False, sedimentary rocks form first.
B) True, because of the rock cycle.
C) Rocks have no cycle.
D) False, metamorphic rocks form first.
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