1ST_QUARTER_MARCIANO_EARTHandLIFESCI_HUMSS/ABM11
  • 1. Which Earth layer is liquid and responsible for the magnetic field?
A) Crust
B) Outer core
C) Inner core
D) Mantle
  • 2. Which event marks the beginning of the Universe?
A) Supernova explosion
B) Big Bang
C) Formation of Sun
D) Formation of Earth
  • 3. Which part of the Earth is solid and metallic?
A) Mantle
B) Outer core
C) Crust
D) Inner core
  • 4. Which subsystem is the largest water reservoir?
A) Biosphere
B) Hydrosphere
C) Atmosphere
D) Cryosphere
  • 5. Which sphere interacts directly with weather systems?
A) Hydrosphere
B) Atmosphere
C) Biosphere
D) Geosphere
  • 6. Plants converting CO₂ to O₂ shows the interaction of:
A) Biosphere–Atmosphere
B) Hydrosphere–Geosphere
C) Atmosphere–Hydrosphere
D) Biosphere–Geosphere
  • 7. Which is NOT a characteristic of a mineral?
A) Man-made
B) Inorganic
C) Naturally occurring
D) Crystalline structure
  • 8. The hardest mineral on Mohs scale is:
A) Talc
B) Diamond
C) Quartz
D) Corundum
  • 9. Luster refers to:
A) Mineral streak
B) Mineral color
C) Mineral weight
D) Way mineral reflects light
  • 10. A mineral’s true color in powdered form is:
A) Luster
B) Streak
C) Hardness
D) Cleavage
  • 11. The softest mineral is:
A) Gypsum
B) Talc
C) Fluorite
D) Calcite
  • 12. Which is an igneous rock?
A) Limestone
B) Basalt
C) Sandstone
D) Shale
  • 13. Which rock forms from compaction of sediments?
A) Sedimentary
B) Metamorphic
C) Igneous
D) Volcanic glass
  • 14. Which process breaks down rocks into smaller pieces without changing composition?
A) Chemical weathering
B) Physical weathering
C) Deposition
D) Erosion
  • 15. The movement of rock material by water, wind, or ice is:
A) Weathering
B) Erosion
C) Deposition
D) Compaction
  • 16. The main source of Earth’s internal heat is:
A) Radioactive decay
B) Earthquakes
C) Sunlight
D) Volcanoes
  • 17. Mantle convection drives:
A) Ocean tides
B) Plate tectonics
C) River erosion
D) Weather systems
  • 18. Magma that reaches Earth’s surface is called:
A) Ash
B) Pumice
C) Lava
D) Tephra
  • 19. Which explains why oceanic crust is younger than continental crust?
A) Continental crust erodes faster.
B) Oceanic crust is constantly recycled at subduction zones.
C) Oceanic crust is stronger.
D) Continental crust melts easily.
  • 20. Which interaction shows how humans are affected by Earth’s internal heat?
A) Lava flows destroy communities.
B) Typhoon floods farmland.
C) Rivers deposit sediments.
D) Icebergs melt due to climate change.
  • 21. Why is Earth’s magnetic field essential for life?
A) It prevents harmful solar radiation from directly hitting Earth
B) It creates the ozone layer
C) It provides light during the night
  • 22. Which best explains why the biosphere depends on the geosphere?
A) The geosphere produces sunlight
B) The geosphere supplies gases
C) The geosphere creates rainfall
D) The geosphere provides soil, nutrients, and habitat for organisms
  • 23. Why does the rock cycle have no beginning or end?
A) Rocks cannot change forms
B) Sedimentary rocks end the cycle permanently
C) Any rock type can transform into another through Earth processes
D) Only igneous rocks exist in the cycle
  • 24. Which part of the Earth is made mostly of iron and nickel?
A) Mantle
B) Lithosphere
C) Crust
D) Inner core
  • 25. The type of rock that forms when heat and pressure change an existing rock is:
A) Igneous
B) Metamorphic
C) Volcanic
D) Sedimentary
  • 26. Which layer of the Earth is liquid?
A) Crust
B) Inner core
C) Mantle
D) Outer core
  • 27. Which weathering process involves rusting of rocks with iron?
A) Mechanical breakdown
B) Deposition
C) Chemical weathering
D) Physical weathering
  • 28. Which Earth subsystem includes all living things?
A) Hydrosphere
B) Geosphere
C) Biosphere
D) Atmosphere
  • 29. Which mineral test involves scratching the surface with a nail or glass plate?
A) Streak test
B) Hardness test
C) Cleavage test
D) Density test
  • 30. Which Earth process recycles rocks from one type to another?
A) Water cycle
B) Carbon cycle
C) Nitrogen cycle
D) Rock cycle
  • 31. Which subsystem acts as Earth’s “life-support system” because it contains air?
A) Hydrosphere
B) Geosphere
C) Biosphere
D) Atmosphere
  • 32. Which subsystem covers about 71% of the Earth’s surface?
A) Biosphere
B) Atmosphere
C) Geosphere
D) Hydrosphere
  • 33. The animals, plants, and humans all belong to which subsystem?
A) Atmosphere
B) Hydrosphere
C) Biosphere
D) Geosphere
  • 34. Which process links the atmosphere and hydrosphere directly?
A) Evaporation and condensation
B) Volcanic eruption
C) Plate tectonics
D) Earthquake
  • 35. Which natural event shows the interaction of all four subsystems?
A) Rainfall
B) Volcanic eruption
C) Earthquake
D) Wind erosion
  • 36. Which sphere interaction occurs during a typhoon?
A) Atmosphere–Hydrosphere
B) Geosphere–Biosphere
C) Lithosphere–Atmosphere
D) Geosphere–Hydrosphere
  • 37. If a volcanic eruption releases much ash, which subsystem is first affected?
A) Atmosphere
B) Biosphere
C) Hydrosphere
D) Geosphere
  • 38. Which event best shows biosphere–geosphere interaction?
A) Volcanic ash affecting weather
B) A flood washing away houses
C) A landslide blocking a river
D) A tree growing roots into rocks
  • 39. Which condition causes rapid chemical weathering?
A) Dry plains
B) Warm humid climate
C) Cold desert
D) High altitude mountain
  • 40. A landslide that destroys farmland affects which subsystem first?
A) Biosphere
B) Cryosphere
C) Hydrosphere
D) Atmosphere
  • 41. A volcanic eruption that triggers a lahar involves which subsystems?
A) Biosphere, cryosphere, lithosphere
B) Atmosphere, cryosphere, biosphere
C) Geosphere, atmosphere, biosphere
D) Atmosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere
  • 42. During a heavy typhoon, a river overflows and destroys crops. Which spheres interacted?
A) Atmosphere and geosphere
B) Biosphere and hydrosphere
C) Geosphere and cryosphere
D) Atmosphere and hydrosphere
  • 43. An earthquake under the ocean triggers a tsunami. Which subsystem interaction is shown?
A) Atmosphere–biosphere–geosphere
B) Hydrosphere–atmosphere only
C) Geosphere–hydrosphere–biosphere
D) Geosphere–atmosphere–biosphere
  • 44. Farmers rely on rainfall to grow crops. Which two subsystems mainly support this activity?
A) Hydrosphere and biosphere
B) Atmosphere and geosphere
C) Atmosphere and hydrosphere
D) Geosphere and biosphere
  • 45. An oil spill contaminates seawater and kills marine life. This is an interaction between:
A) Atmosphere and hydrosphere
B) Hydrosphere and biosphere
C) Atmosphere and biosphere
D) Geosphere and biosphere
  • 46. Which situation best illustrates the effect of human activity on exogenic processes?
A) Formation of deltas in rivers
B) Planting trees on slopes to prevent erosion
C) Earthquakes damaging buildings
D) Volcanic eruption releasing ash
  • 47. If you were to identify a mineral for jewelry, which property is most important?
A) Streak
B) Hardness
C) Cleavage
D) Luster
  • 48. Which statement best evaluates the role of Earth’s internal heat?
A) It only affects surface weathering
B) It only causes earthquakes
C) It is not significant for Earth processes
D) It drives plate tectonics and volcanic activity
  • 49. A government plans to build a large dam. Which sphere interactions must they evaluate carefully?
A) Atmosphere and space
B) Cryosphere only
C) Geosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere
D) Atmosphere only
  • 50. A student claims “igneous rocks are the most important because all rocks originate from magma.” How should you evaluate this?
A) False, metamorphic rocks form first.
B) True, because of the rock cycle.
C) Rocks have no cycle.
D) False, sedimentary rocks form first.
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