1ST_QUARTER_MARCIANO_EARTHandLIFESCI_HUMSS/ABM11
  • 1. Which Earth layer is liquid and responsible for the magnetic field?
A) Mantle
B) Crust
C) Outer core
D) Inner core
  • 2. Which event marks the beginning of the Universe?
A) Formation of Earth
B) Big Bang
C) Supernova explosion
D) Formation of Sun
  • 3. Which part of the Earth is solid and metallic?
A) Mantle
B) Inner core
C) Crust
D) Outer core
  • 4. Which subsystem is the largest water reservoir?
A) Biosphere
B) Atmosphere
C) Hydrosphere
D) Cryosphere
  • 5. Which sphere interacts directly with weather systems?
A) Geosphere
B) Hydrosphere
C) Biosphere
D) Atmosphere
  • 6. Plants converting CO₂ to O₂ shows the interaction of:
A) Biosphere–Atmosphere
B) Atmosphere–Hydrosphere
C) Hydrosphere–Geosphere
D) Biosphere–Geosphere
  • 7. Which is NOT a characteristic of a mineral?
A) Naturally occurring
B) Man-made
C) Inorganic
D) Crystalline structure
  • 8. The hardest mineral on Mohs scale is:
A) Quartz
B) Corundum
C) Talc
D) Diamond
  • 9. Luster refers to:
A) Way mineral reflects light
B) Mineral color
C) Mineral streak
D) Mineral weight
  • 10. A mineral’s true color in powdered form is:
A) Hardness
B) Cleavage
C) Streak
D) Luster
  • 11. The softest mineral is:
A) Gypsum
B) Fluorite
C) Calcite
D) Talc
  • 12. Which is an igneous rock?
A) Shale
B) Limestone
C) Basalt
D) Sandstone
  • 13. Which rock forms from compaction of sediments?
A) Sedimentary
B) Igneous
C) Volcanic glass
D) Metamorphic
  • 14. Which process breaks down rocks into smaller pieces without changing composition?
A) Physical weathering
B) Chemical weathering
C) Erosion
D) Deposition
  • 15. The movement of rock material by water, wind, or ice is:
A) Weathering
B) Erosion
C) Compaction
D) Deposition
  • 16. The main source of Earth’s internal heat is:
A) Radioactive decay
B) Sunlight
C) Earthquakes
D) Volcanoes
  • 17. Mantle convection drives:
A) River erosion
B) Weather systems
C) Plate tectonics
D) Ocean tides
  • 18. Magma that reaches Earth’s surface is called:
A) Lava
B) Ash
C) Pumice
D) Tephra
  • 19. Which explains why oceanic crust is younger than continental crust?
A) Continental crust erodes faster.
B) Continental crust melts easily.
C) Oceanic crust is stronger.
D) Oceanic crust is constantly recycled at subduction zones.
  • 20. Which interaction shows how humans are affected by Earth’s internal heat?
A) Icebergs melt due to climate change.
B) Rivers deposit sediments.
C) Typhoon floods farmland.
D) Lava flows destroy communities.
  • 21. Why is Earth’s magnetic field essential for life?
A) It prevents harmful solar radiation from directly hitting Earth
B) It provides light during the night
C) It creates the ozone layer
  • 22. Which best explains why the biosphere depends on the geosphere?
A) The geosphere creates rainfall
B) The geosphere supplies gases
C) The geosphere provides soil, nutrients, and habitat for organisms
D) The geosphere produces sunlight
  • 23. Why does the rock cycle have no beginning or end?
A) Only igneous rocks exist in the cycle
B) Rocks cannot change forms
C) Any rock type can transform into another through Earth processes
D) Sedimentary rocks end the cycle permanently
  • 24. Which part of the Earth is made mostly of iron and nickel?
A) Crust
B) Inner core
C) Mantle
D) Lithosphere
  • 25. The type of rock that forms when heat and pressure change an existing rock is:
A) Igneous
B) Metamorphic
C) Volcanic
D) Sedimentary
  • 26. Which layer of the Earth is liquid?
A) Crust
B) Outer core
C) Inner core
D) Mantle
  • 27. Which weathering process involves rusting of rocks with iron?
A) Mechanical breakdown
B) Physical weathering
C) Deposition
D) Chemical weathering
  • 28. Which Earth subsystem includes all living things?
A) Atmosphere
B) Geosphere
C) Hydrosphere
D) Biosphere
  • 29. Which mineral test involves scratching the surface with a nail or glass plate?
A) Streak test
B) Cleavage test
C) Density test
D) Hardness test
  • 30. Which Earth process recycles rocks from one type to another?
A) Nitrogen cycle
B) Rock cycle
C) Carbon cycle
D) Water cycle
  • 31. Which subsystem acts as Earth’s “life-support system” because it contains air?
A) Hydrosphere
B) Atmosphere
C) Biosphere
D) Geosphere
  • 32. Which subsystem covers about 71% of the Earth’s surface?
A) Geosphere
B) Atmosphere
C) Biosphere
D) Hydrosphere
  • 33. The animals, plants, and humans all belong to which subsystem?
A) Hydrosphere
B) Atmosphere
C) Geosphere
D) Biosphere
  • 34. Which process links the atmosphere and hydrosphere directly?
A) Earthquake
B) Volcanic eruption
C) Evaporation and condensation
D) Plate tectonics
  • 35. Which natural event shows the interaction of all four subsystems?
A) Earthquake
B) Rainfall
C) Wind erosion
D) Volcanic eruption
  • 36. Which sphere interaction occurs during a typhoon?
A) Geosphere–Biosphere
B) Geosphere–Hydrosphere
C) Atmosphere–Hydrosphere
D) Lithosphere–Atmosphere
  • 37. If a volcanic eruption releases much ash, which subsystem is first affected?
A) Geosphere
B) Biosphere
C) Atmosphere
D) Hydrosphere
  • 38. Which event best shows biosphere–geosphere interaction?
A) A tree growing roots into rocks
B) A flood washing away houses
C) Volcanic ash affecting weather
D) A landslide blocking a river
  • 39. Which condition causes rapid chemical weathering?
A) Warm humid climate
B) Cold desert
C) Dry plains
D) High altitude mountain
  • 40. A landslide that destroys farmland affects which subsystem first?
A) Cryosphere
B) Biosphere
C) Atmosphere
D) Hydrosphere
  • 41. A volcanic eruption that triggers a lahar involves which subsystems?
A) Geosphere, atmosphere, biosphere
B) Biosphere, cryosphere, lithosphere
C) Atmosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere
D) Atmosphere, cryosphere, biosphere
  • 42. During a heavy typhoon, a river overflows and destroys crops. Which spheres interacted?
A) Atmosphere and geosphere
B) Geosphere and cryosphere
C) Atmosphere and hydrosphere
D) Biosphere and hydrosphere
  • 43. An earthquake under the ocean triggers a tsunami. Which subsystem interaction is shown?
A) Atmosphere–biosphere–geosphere
B) Hydrosphere–atmosphere only
C) Geosphere–atmosphere–biosphere
D) Geosphere–hydrosphere–biosphere
  • 44. Farmers rely on rainfall to grow crops. Which two subsystems mainly support this activity?
A) Atmosphere and hydrosphere
B) Atmosphere and geosphere
C) Geosphere and biosphere
D) Hydrosphere and biosphere
  • 45. An oil spill contaminates seawater and kills marine life. This is an interaction between:
A) Atmosphere and hydrosphere
B) Geosphere and biosphere
C) Hydrosphere and biosphere
D) Atmosphere and biosphere
  • 46. Which situation best illustrates the effect of human activity on exogenic processes?
A) Earthquakes damaging buildings
B) Formation of deltas in rivers
C) Planting trees on slopes to prevent erosion
D) Volcanic eruption releasing ash
  • 47. If you were to identify a mineral for jewelry, which property is most important?
A) Streak
B) Luster
C) Cleavage
D) Hardness
  • 48. Which statement best evaluates the role of Earth’s internal heat?
A) It only affects surface weathering
B) It only causes earthquakes
C) It is not significant for Earth processes
D) It drives plate tectonics and volcanic activity
  • 49. A government plans to build a large dam. Which sphere interactions must they evaluate carefully?
A) Cryosphere only
B) Atmosphere and space
C) Atmosphere only
D) Geosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere
  • 50. A student claims “igneous rocks are the most important because all rocks originate from magma.” How should you evaluate this?
A) False, metamorphic rocks form first.
B) False, sedimentary rocks form first.
C) True, because of the rock cycle.
D) Rocks have no cycle.
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