1ST_QUARTER_MARCIANO_EARTHandLIFESCI_HUMSS/ABM11
  • 1. Which Earth layer is liquid and responsible for the magnetic field?
A) Mantle
B) Inner core
C) Outer core
D) Crust
  • 2. Which event marks the beginning of the Universe?
A) Formation of Sun
B) Supernova explosion
C) Big Bang
D) Formation of Earth
  • 3. Which part of the Earth is solid and metallic?
A) Inner core
B) Outer core
C) Crust
D) Mantle
  • 4. Which subsystem is the largest water reservoir?
A) Biosphere
B) Cryosphere
C) Hydrosphere
D) Atmosphere
  • 5. Which sphere interacts directly with weather systems?
A) Hydrosphere
B) Atmosphere
C) Biosphere
D) Geosphere
  • 6. Plants converting CO₂ to O₂ shows the interaction of:
A) Biosphere–Atmosphere
B) Biosphere–Geosphere
C) Hydrosphere–Geosphere
D) Atmosphere–Hydrosphere
  • 7. Which is NOT a characteristic of a mineral?
A) Man-made
B) Naturally occurring
C) Crystalline structure
D) Inorganic
  • 8. The hardest mineral on Mohs scale is:
A) Diamond
B) Corundum
C) Quartz
D) Talc
  • 9. Luster refers to:
A) Way mineral reflects light
B) Mineral color
C) Mineral streak
D) Mineral weight
  • 10. A mineral’s true color in powdered form is:
A) Hardness
B) Streak
C) Cleavage
D) Luster
  • 11. The softest mineral is:
A) Talc
B) Fluorite
C) Gypsum
D) Calcite
  • 12. Which is an igneous rock?
A) Limestone
B) Basalt
C) Sandstone
D) Shale
  • 13. Which rock forms from compaction of sediments?
A) Volcanic glass
B) Sedimentary
C) Igneous
D) Metamorphic
  • 14. Which process breaks down rocks into smaller pieces without changing composition?
A) Chemical weathering
B) Erosion
C) Physical weathering
D) Deposition
  • 15. The movement of rock material by water, wind, or ice is:
A) Erosion
B) Deposition
C) Compaction
D) Weathering
  • 16. The main source of Earth’s internal heat is:
A) Sunlight
B) Volcanoes
C) Earthquakes
D) Radioactive decay
  • 17. Mantle convection drives:
A) Plate tectonics
B) Ocean tides
C) Weather systems
D) River erosion
  • 18. Magma that reaches Earth’s surface is called:
A) Tephra
B) Lava
C) Pumice
D) Ash
  • 19. Which explains why oceanic crust is younger than continental crust?
A) Continental crust erodes faster.
B) Continental crust melts easily.
C) Oceanic crust is stronger.
D) Oceanic crust is constantly recycled at subduction zones.
  • 20. Which interaction shows how humans are affected by Earth’s internal heat?
A) Icebergs melt due to climate change.
B) Lava flows destroy communities.
C) Typhoon floods farmland.
D) Rivers deposit sediments.
  • 21. Why is Earth’s magnetic field essential for life?
A) It creates the ozone layer
B) It provides light during the night
C) It prevents harmful solar radiation from directly hitting Earth
  • 22. Which best explains why the biosphere depends on the geosphere?
A) The geosphere supplies gases
B) The geosphere creates rainfall
C) The geosphere produces sunlight
D) The geosphere provides soil, nutrients, and habitat for organisms
  • 23. Why does the rock cycle have no beginning or end?
A) Sedimentary rocks end the cycle permanently
B) Only igneous rocks exist in the cycle
C) Any rock type can transform into another through Earth processes
D) Rocks cannot change forms
  • 24. Which part of the Earth is made mostly of iron and nickel?
A) Lithosphere
B) Mantle
C) Crust
D) Inner core
  • 25. The type of rock that forms when heat and pressure change an existing rock is:
A) Metamorphic
B) Volcanic
C) Sedimentary
D) Igneous
  • 26. Which layer of the Earth is liquid?
A) Inner core
B) Outer core
C) Crust
D) Mantle
  • 27. Which weathering process involves rusting of rocks with iron?
A) Chemical weathering
B) Physical weathering
C) Mechanical breakdown
D) Deposition
  • 28. Which Earth subsystem includes all living things?
A) Biosphere
B) Geosphere
C) Hydrosphere
D) Atmosphere
  • 29. Which mineral test involves scratching the surface with a nail or glass plate?
A) Streak test
B) Cleavage test
C) Hardness test
D) Density test
  • 30. Which Earth process recycles rocks from one type to another?
A) Carbon cycle
B) Nitrogen cycle
C) Water cycle
D) Rock cycle
  • 31. Which subsystem acts as Earth’s “life-support system” because it contains air?
A) Hydrosphere
B) Atmosphere
C) Geosphere
D) Biosphere
  • 32. Which subsystem covers about 71% of the Earth’s surface?
A) Atmosphere
B) Geosphere
C) Biosphere
D) Hydrosphere
  • 33. The animals, plants, and humans all belong to which subsystem?
A) Atmosphere
B) Biosphere
C) Hydrosphere
D) Geosphere
  • 34. Which process links the atmosphere and hydrosphere directly?
A) Earthquake
B) Volcanic eruption
C) Plate tectonics
D) Evaporation and condensation
  • 35. Which natural event shows the interaction of all four subsystems?
A) Wind erosion
B) Earthquake
C) Rainfall
D) Volcanic eruption
  • 36. Which sphere interaction occurs during a typhoon?
A) Lithosphere–Atmosphere
B) Geosphere–Hydrosphere
C) Geosphere–Biosphere
D) Atmosphere–Hydrosphere
  • 37. If a volcanic eruption releases much ash, which subsystem is first affected?
A) Biosphere
B) Geosphere
C) Hydrosphere
D) Atmosphere
  • 38. Which event best shows biosphere–geosphere interaction?
A) A landslide blocking a river
B) A tree growing roots into rocks
C) Volcanic ash affecting weather
D) A flood washing away houses
  • 39. Which condition causes rapid chemical weathering?
A) Dry plains
B) Warm humid climate
C) Cold desert
D) High altitude mountain
  • 40. A landslide that destroys farmland affects which subsystem first?
A) Biosphere
B) Cryosphere
C) Atmosphere
D) Hydrosphere
  • 41. A volcanic eruption that triggers a lahar involves which subsystems?
A) Biosphere, cryosphere, lithosphere
B) Geosphere, atmosphere, biosphere
C) Atmosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere
D) Atmosphere, cryosphere, biosphere
  • 42. During a heavy typhoon, a river overflows and destroys crops. Which spheres interacted?
A) Biosphere and hydrosphere
B) Atmosphere and hydrosphere
C) Atmosphere and geosphere
D) Geosphere and cryosphere
  • 43. An earthquake under the ocean triggers a tsunami. Which subsystem interaction is shown?
A) Geosphere–hydrosphere–biosphere
B) Hydrosphere–atmosphere only
C) Atmosphere–biosphere–geosphere
D) Geosphere–atmosphere–biosphere
  • 44. Farmers rely on rainfall to grow crops. Which two subsystems mainly support this activity?
A) Atmosphere and hydrosphere
B) Hydrosphere and biosphere
C) Geosphere and biosphere
D) Atmosphere and geosphere
  • 45. An oil spill contaminates seawater and kills marine life. This is an interaction between:
A) Geosphere and biosphere
B) Atmosphere and biosphere
C) Atmosphere and hydrosphere
D) Hydrosphere and biosphere
  • 46. Which situation best illustrates the effect of human activity on exogenic processes?
A) Planting trees on slopes to prevent erosion
B) Volcanic eruption releasing ash
C) Formation of deltas in rivers
D) Earthquakes damaging buildings
  • 47. If you were to identify a mineral for jewelry, which property is most important?
A) Streak
B) Luster
C) Hardness
D) Cleavage
  • 48. Which statement best evaluates the role of Earth’s internal heat?
A) It drives plate tectonics and volcanic activity
B) It is not significant for Earth processes
C) It only affects surface weathering
D) It only causes earthquakes
  • 49. A government plans to build a large dam. Which sphere interactions must they evaluate carefully?
A) Atmosphere only
B) Cryosphere only
C) Geosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere
D) Atmosphere and space
  • 50. A student claims “igneous rocks are the most important because all rocks originate from magma.” How should you evaluate this?
A) False, metamorphic rocks form first.
B) True, because of the rock cycle.
C) False, sedimentary rocks form first.
D) Rocks have no cycle.
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