- 1. Welcome to this quiz about the Franz-Josef Land Reserve, a vast protected area within Russia's Arkhangelsk Oblast. This archipelago, located in the Arctic Ocean, is known for its unique wildlife and challenging environment. What is the primary geographical characteristic of Franz-Josef Land?
A) Archipelago
B) Isthmus
C) Continent
D) Peninsula
- 2. Franz-Josef Land is situated in which ocean?
A) Indian Ocean
B) Atlantic Ocean
C) Pacific Ocean
D) Arctic Ocean
- 3. The Franz-Josef Land Reserve is part of which administrative division of Russia?
A) Murmansk Oblast
B) Arkhangelsk Oblast
C) Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug
D) Krasnoyarsk Krai
- 4. What is the approximate number of islands that make up the Franz-Josef Land archipelago?
A) Exactly 100
B) Over 190
C) Around 50
D) Less than 20
- 5. What geological phenomenon is largely responsible for the formation of Franz-Josef Land?
A) Glacial erosion
B) Volcanic activity
C) Tectonic plate collision
D) River sedimentation
- 6. Which of the following large mammal species is a prominent resident of Franz-Josef Land?
A) Reindeer
B) Polar bear
C) Walrus
D) Arctic fox
- 7. Franz-Josef Land is a significant breeding ground for which marine mammal?
A) Seal
B) Walrus
C) Dolphin
D) Whale
- 8. What is the primary reason for the existence of extensive ice sheets and glaciers on Franz-Josef Land?
A) Low atmospheric pressure
B) High latitude and cold climate
C) Proximity to warm ocean currents
D) Volcanic heat
- 9. The reserve was established to protect the fragile Arctic ecosystem. What year was the Franz-Josef Land Reserve officially established?
A) 1972
B) 2001
C) 1994
D) 1955
- 10. What is the predominant landform found on most of the islands in Franz-Josef Land?
A) Tropical rainforests
B) Sand dunes
C) Glaciers and ice caps
D) Vast plains
- 11. Which of the following seabird species is commonly found nesting on the cliffs of Franz-Josef Land?
A) Guillemot
B) Ostrich
C) Eagle
D) Penguin
- 12. The climate of Franz-Josef Land is characterized by extremely long, cold winters and short, cool summers. This is typical of which climate zone?
A) Temperate
B) Tropical
C) Mediterranean
D) Arctic
- 13. What is the most common type of vegetation found in the very limited ice-free areas of Franz-Josef Land?
A) Tall trees
B) Ferns
C) Grasses and flowers
D) Mosses and lichens
- 14. The reserve plays a crucial role in preserving the habitat for migratory birds. What is a significant threat to the wildlife in this region?
A) Overgrazing
B) Climate change
C) Invasive species
D) Deforestation
- 15. Franz-Josef Land is located quite far north. What is the approximate latitude of the southernmost point of the archipelago?
A) Around 40° North
B) Above 80° North
C) Exactly at the Equator
D) Below 20° South
- 16. What is the primary reason for limited human settlement and activity in Franz-Josef Land?
A) Harsh climate and remoteness
B) Abundant natural resources for exploitation
C) Major transportation hubs
D) Fertile agricultural land
- 17. The reserve's management focuses on minimizing human impact. What is considered a major historical source of pollution in the Arctic, including in areas like Franz-Josef Land?
A) Military activities and abandoned equipment
B) Sustainable tourism
C) Agricultural runoff
D) Renewable energy farms
- 18. Which large marine predator, besides the polar bear, is a significant part of the Franz-Josef Land ecosystem?
A) Lion
B) Arctic wolf
C) Jaguar
D) Tiger
- 19. The reserve aims to protect biodiversity. Which bird species, known for its distinctive appearance, is a common sight in the skies above Franz-Josef Land?
A) Parrot
B) Snowy owl
C) Peacock
D) Hummingbird
- 20. The islands of Franz-Josef Land are geologically young. What is a common geological feature found on many of the islands?
A) Sandstone formations
B) Limestone caves
C) Granite mountains
D) Basaltic plateaus
- 21. What is the primary objective of the Franz-Josef Land Reserve?
A) Tourism promotion
B) Conservation of Arctic nature
C) Industrial development
D) Commercial fishing
- 22. What is the approximate southernmost extent of permanent sea ice in the region of Franz-Josef Land?
A) Never present
B) During spring only
C) Year-round
D) Only in summer
- 23. The reserve contributes to scientific research. What type of research is commonly conducted in Franz-Josef Land?
A) Climate and ecological studies
B) Agricultural experiments
C) Volcanological surveys
D) Archaeological excavations
- 24. Which of the following is NOT a typical inhabitant of Franz-Josef Land?
A) Polar bear
B) Penguin
C) Arctic fox
D) Walrus
- 25. The reserve's pristine environment is highly valued. What is a major concern regarding the future of Franz-Josef Land?
A) Decreasing sea ice extent
B) Increased human activity and pollution
C) Expansion of protected areas
D) Potential for new species discovery
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