A) It relies too heavily on religious texts for validation B) It fails to account for the variety of laws and the rule of recognition C) It was written in a language no longer widely understood D) It is too expensive to implement in a modern state
A) The Sovereign Command B) The Rule of Recognition C) The Legal Maxim D) The Primary Directive
A) Primary and Secondary rules B) Hard and Soft rules C) Major and Minor rules D) Written and Unwritten rules
A) To collect taxes for the state B) To decorate official legal documents C) To elect government officials D) To impose duties on individuals
A) To replace all primary rules over time B) To simplify the language of primary rules for the public C) To provide for the creation, alteration, and adjudication of primary rules D) To punish those who break primary rules
A) Rules of change and rules of adjudication B) Rules of marriage and rules of property C) Rules of speech and rules of assembly D) Rules of taxation and rules of war
A) The idea of judicial impartiality B) The concept of legal precedent C) The practice of trial by jury D) Austin's theory of law as a command
A) Statutes and case law B) Primary and secondary rules C) Sovereign and subjects D) Power and morality
A) The secret deliberations of a judge B) The perspective of a sovereign creating a law C) The attitude of those who accept the rules as standards of conduct D) A citizen's opinion on tax law
A) Completely unrelated concepts B) Interchangeable terms for justice C) Conceptually separate but often connected D) One and the same thing
A) Legal Realism B) Critical Legal Studies C) Natural Law Theory D) Legal Positivism
A) That it is a recent invention with no history B) That it uses too much paper for legal documents C) That it always leads to unjust outcomes D) That judges have discretion in hard cases due to 'open texture'
A) Judges should be open to bribes from either party B) Courtrooms should have open windows for air C) All laws must be published openly to the public D) Legal rules have a core of certainty and a penumbra of doubt
A) Rule of recognition and other secondary rules B) Set of primary rules against violence C) Body of diplomats and ambassadors D) System of languages for treaties
A) The lack of a centralized military B) The problem of overpopulation C) Uncertainty about what the rules are D) The absence of a written language
A) Inefficiency in resolving disputes about rules B) The lack of law schools C) The problem of courtroom acoustics D) The spelling of legal terms
A) A financial debt owed to the government B) A moral duty to be nice to others C) A physical force that compels action D) A feeling of being bound by a rule, from the internal point of view
A) Law necessarily involves coercion but is not defined by it alone B) Law has no necessary connection to coercion C) Coercion is only found in immoral legal systems D) Law is defined solely by its coercive power
A) To provide a descriptive analysis of how law functions B) To promote his own candidacy for judge C) To argue for a specific political ideology D) To prescribe a new universal legal code
A) Lon Fuller B) Aristotle C) Immanuel Kant D) John Austin
A) Lon Fuller B) Joseph Raz C) John Rawls D) Ronald Dworkin |