NM HISTORY FINAL EXAM
  • 1. What do historians study to learn about the past?
A) Only secondary sources
B) Only primary sources
C) Primary and secondary sources from one person’s perspective
D) Primary and secondary sources from multiple perspectives
  • 2. Why is it important to study history from multiple perspectives?
A) Because studying only one perspective would be boring
B) Because you can learn more about historic events
C) Because it is a state law
D) Because the first perspective is always wrong
  • 3. What makes someone a historical thinker?
A) Someone who questions history and draws conclusions
B) Someone who creates his or her own history
C) Someone who enjoys history
D) Someone who wants to live just like people did in the past
  • 4. What is geography?
A) The study of rocks and minerals
B) The study of plants and animals and their habitats
C) The study of weather patterns over time
D) The study of the earth's land, water, people, plants and animals
  • 5. The five themes of geography are:
A) Igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic, lava, and sand
B) North America, South America, Europe, Asia, and Africa
C) Deciduous, coniferous, Mediterranean, maritime, and arctic
D) Location, place, human-environment interaction, movement, and region
  • 6. TheUnited States is divided into regions because:
A) The regions are all by the ocean.
B) The regions are next to each other.
C) The regions share at least one common feature.
D) The regions are all in the South.
  • 7. Some of the tools geographers use are:
A) Calipers, scales, plumb bobs, and rulers
B) Humidifiers, seismographs, x-rays, and sonographs
C) Maps, globes, satellite imagery, and aerial photographs
D) Barometers, sextons, wind socks, and altimeters
  • 8. New Mexico is part of the Southwest region with which other states?
A) Utah, Colorado, and Arizona
B) Texas, Oklahoma and Arizona
C) Colorado, Wyoming, and Montana
D) California, Nevada, and Arizona
  • 9. The four provinces of New Mexico are:
A) Antelope, Snakes, Bats, and Rodents
B) Desert, Mountain, River, and Lake
C) Rocky Mountains, Colorado Plateau, Great Plains, and Basin and Range
D) Sunshine, Monsoon, Dust Storm, and Wind
  • 10. How are life zone's determined?
A) By latitude
B) By rock type
C) By elevation
D) By longitude
  • 11. What is New Mexico’s most precious resource?
A) gold
B) uranium
C) Water
D) sunshine
  • 12. New Mexico is in what two hemispheres?
A) Southern and Eastern
B) Northern and Western
C) Northern and Eastern
D) Southern and Western
  • 13. Which item is a secondary source?
A) A shoe
B) A history textbook
C) A diary
D) A photograph
  • 14. What is the role of an archaeologist?
A) To study prehistoric people
B) To hunt for food
C) To write about modern people
D) To investigate crime scenes
  • 15. Which of the following statements is not correct?
A) The Paleo people made Clovis points.
B) The Paleo people hunted very large animals.
C) The Paleo people lived in pit houses.
D) The Paleo people were nomadic.
  • 16. Which of the following was not an innovation of the Archaic people?
A) Mano and metate
B) Pit houses
C) Pueblo houses
D) Atlatl
  • 17. The Mogollon people were first to do what in New Mexico?
A) Farm full time
B) Live the nomadic lifestyle
C) Build pueblos
D) Hunt
  • 18. What did the Ancestral Puebloans do to meet the growing need for housing?
A) They began to build multi-level pit houses.
B) They began to build multi-level pueblos.
C) They spread out across more of the land.
D) They moved west for more land.
  • 19. Which of the following statements about Chaco Canyon is not true?
A) It is an Ancestral Puebloan city.
B) t was made by modern Apache Indians.
C) It has many pueblo houses.
D) Its largest city was Pueblo Bonito.
  • 20. The Diné people developed into which two groups of people?
A) The Navajo and Apache
B) The Mogollon and Ancestral Puebloans
C) The Folsom and Clovis people
D) The Paleo and Archaic people
  • 21. Which tribe is the largest group of Native Americans in New Mexico and the second-largest group of Native Americans in the United States?
A) Navajo
B) Mogollon
C) Apache
D) Archaic
  • 22. What were the Apache best known for?
A) Being great musicians
B) Being the first farmers
C) Being fierce warriors
D) Being skilled craftsmen
  • 23. Kivas were used for all of the following except:
A) Religion
B) Storage
C) Ceremonies
D) A gathering place
  • 24. What led to Mexico’s independence from Spain?
A) Help from Americans in the Spanish American War
B) A desire to stay with Spain
C) Power struggles
D) Corrupt government practices
  • 25. What happened in New Mexico after Mexico gained independence from Spain?
A) New Mexico became part of the United States.
B) New Mexico gave land to the United States.
C) Spain fought Mexico for New Mexico.
D) New Mexico experienced political instability.
  • 26. What did more trade routes and an increase in trade do for New Mexico?
A) It made New Mexico less isolated.
B) It increased New Mexico’s crime rate.
C) It did not help or hurt New Mexico.
D) It decreased job opportunities.
  • 27. What was the cause of the Chimayo Rebellion?
A) Political corruption and public greed
B) An attack from Mexico over new trade laws
C) There was no rebellion in 1837
D) An unpopular governor implementing new tax policies
  • 28. What created tense relations between Texans and New Mexicans?
A) Unfair trading practices
B) Preferential treatment from Mexico
C) Desire for more land
D) There were good relations
  • 29. What started the Mexican American War of 1846?
A) Border disputes over Texas
B) United States annexed Texas
C) Corrupt government in Mexico
D) Dishonest Mexican peace delegates
  • 30. What did Mexico agree to in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?
A) To have peace with the United States for 10 years
B) To give the United States a third of its land, including New Mexico
C) To give the United States a third of its land, not including New Mexico
D) To give the United States New Mexico but nothing else
  • 31. Which of the following is not true about the Mexican American War?
A) It was sparked by disputes over the Texas border.
B) Mexico won the war.
C) It started with the peaceful surrender of General Armijo.
D) During a rebellion, Governor Bent was killed.
  • 32. How did New Mexicans feel about slavery in their territory?
A) Some New Mexicans wanted slavery and some did not.
B) All New Mexicans did not want slavery.
C) All New Mexicans wanted slavery.
D) Slavery was not an issue if New Mexico
  • 33. What happened after Carson used a scorched-earth campaign to force the Indians to surrender?
A) The Indians endured the Navajo Long Walk and confinement at Bosque Redondo
B) The Indians joined with the Confederates.
C) The Indians endured the Trail of Tears and confinement at Bosque Redondo.
D) The Indians were given adequate supplies.
  • 34. Which Indian tribes fought against the Americans to keep their way of life?
A) Navajo and Taos
B) Navajo and Apache
C) Apache and Pueblo
D) Pueblo and Navajo
  • 35. Why did the Confederates want the Southwest?
A) To appease their soldiers
B) To pay for the war
C) To prove they could conquer it
D) To live somewhere new
  • 36. How did the white people try to make the Indian culture appear more like their own?
A) They made friends with the Indians and showed them what they thought were more efficient ways of living.
B) They made it against the law for Indians to speak any language besides English.
C) They created boarding schools for the Indian children to learn the ways of white people.
D) They made it against the law for tribes to participate in any tribal ceremonies unless a white person was there.
  • 37. Which of the following is not one of the trails from New Mexico to California?
A) Old Spanish Trail
B) Cooke’s Wagon Road
C) Maxwell Overland Trail
D) Butterfield Overland Trail
  • 38. People came to New Mexico for a lot of these reasons except:
A) To learn Spanish
B) To get a new start
C) To get gold
D) To buy cheap land
  • 39. Which religion faced challenges from new missionaries and their new bishop?
A) The Catholic religion
B) The Jewish religion
C) The Muslim religion
D) The Protestant religion
  • 40. The government gave land to settlers, but what problem did the settlers have in eastern New Mexico?
A) They had too many crops to sell.
B) There was too much rainfall.
C) Farming was difficult in that area.
D) The ground was too fertile.
  • 41. Which of the following were not helped by the railroad?
A) Families wanting to move to the territory
B) Los Hermanos Penitentes
C) Business owners
D) Tourists
  • 42. All of the following contributed to New Mexico’s lawlessness except:
A) Few lawmen
B) Few guns
C) Few judges
D) Many places to hide
  • 43. Which war was sparked by a conflict over political and economic power in New Mexico Territory?
A) The Lincoln County War
B) The Civil War
C) The Spanish American War
D) The Colfax County War
  • 44. Disputes over land grants and water rights often resulted in what?
A) Violence
B) Peace treaties
C) Trade
D) Friendships
  • 45. For how many years was New Mexico a territory?
A) 16 years
B) 61 years
C) 26 years
D) 62 years
  • 46. Which of the following was not an issue in New Mexico becoming a state?
A) Population size
B) Concerns about corruption
C) Concerns about loyalty
D) Violence of the Wild West
  • 47. What did New Mexicans do in the Spanish American War to prove their loyalty?
A) Only sent supplies
B) Fought in the Rough Riders
C) Refused to fight
D) Sent letters of encouragement
  • 48. New Mexico was the ___ state to join the United States.
A) 45th
B) 26th
C) 47th
D) 34th
  • 49. What strained relations between Mexico and the United States?
A) The U.S. Army’s pursuit of Pancho Villa
B) Mexico’s pursuit of the U.S. Army
C) The U.S. Army’s surrender to Mexico during the Mexican Expedition
D) Mexico taking land from the United States
  • 50. Which of the following is not an example of how New Mexico contributed to World War I?
A) Women helped run farms and ranches while the men were away at war.
B) Farmers and ranchers raised and produced food to feed troops.
C) New Mexico only allowed men to help with the war.
D) NewMexicousedsomeofitslandastraining camps for soldiers.
  • 51. Why are the 1920s remembered as a time of prosperity?
A) Because it was a time when many were losing their jobs and living in poverty
B) Because it was a time of many world wars
C) Because that is what the government said it should be called
D) Because it was a decade of economic and cultural growth for New Mexico and the United States
  • 52. What is Black Tuesday?
A) The day when African Americans received equal rights
B) The day the sun did not shine for 24 hours
C) The day of the worst stock market crash in history
D) The day World War II started
  • 53. Which of the following was not a cause of the Great Depression?
A) The stock market crash
B) Many people lost their jobs
C) Many companies went bankrupt
D) Many new businesses and jobs were created
  • 54. What was the goal of the Indian Reorganization Act?
A) To try and fix problems for Native Americans that were created by earlier policies
B) To reorganize Native Americans onto smaller reservations
C) To try and make Native Americans live like white men
D) To take more land from Native Americans
  • 55. How did NM help during WWII?
A) by only providing women to fight in the war
B) By refusing to send men to fight in the war
C) By providing soldiers, suppplies, and new weapons to the US
D) By only providing supplies to the US military
  • 56. In what state ws the Manhattan Project located?
A) Texas
B) New Mexico
C) Arizona
D) California
  • 57. Why were all people of Japenese descent who lived on the west Coast put in internment camps?
A) The government wanted to keep Japanese Americans safe from attacks by other Americans
B) Hitler ordered the US government to do it
C) Some people thought Japanese Americans living on the West Coast might give information or help to Japan during the war.
D) The government did not want Japanese soldiers to kidnap Japanese Americans.
  • 58. What ended World War II in Japan?
A) Dropping atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
B) Dropping atomic bombs on Germany and Italy
C) The surrender of German armies
D) The attack on Pearl Harbor
  • 59. What did the war do for New Mexico’s economy?
A) It caused more people to lose their jobs
B) t only created jobs for women and children New Mexico.
C) It increased debt and caused more businesses to close.
D) It created jobs for New Mexicans, and many cities in New Mexico grew.
  • 60. What war began at the end of World War II?
A) The Cold War
B) The Vietnam War
C) The Korean War
D) World War III
  • 61. What two wars were part of the Cold War?
A) World War II and the Pearl Harbor War
B) The Korean and Vietnam wars
C) The Iraq and Afghanistan wars
D) The Vietnam War and World War III
  • 62. Which of the following is not true regarding New Mexico’s contributions during the Cold War?
A) New Mexican laboratories invented nuclear bombs, missiles, and other important weapons.
B) Air bases and tunnels in New Mexico were used to store atomic bombs.
C) The New Mexican government would only allow missiles to be tested in New Mexico but refused to test bombs in the state.
D) Bombs and weapons were invented and tested in New Mexico.
  • 63. Who participated in the arms race and space race?
A) The United States and Japan
B) The Soviet Union and Germany
C) The United States and the Soviet Union
D) The United States and Germany
  • 64. What brought more people to New Mexico during the Cold War?
A) Job opportunities in the military, national labs, and mining industries
B) Many people knew New Mexico had plenty of land to hide from Communists
C) Tourism
D) The promise of greater wealth by working for the Soviet government
  • 65. What was the Civil Rights Movement?
A) The efforts of white people in New Mexico to give the black and Hispanic populations equal rights
B) The time period between the end of World War II and the beginning of the Vietnam War
C) The efforts of blacks to challenge the discrimination they faced in parts of New Mexico and across the country
D) The title of the famous speech given by Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr.
  • 66. What was the goal of La Alianza?
A) To allow Hispanic students to speak Spanish in school
B) To get better working conditions for farm workers
C) To reclaim lost land grants
D) To give more land to the U.S. government
  • 67. Why did the Pueblo Indians fight for ownership of Blue Lake?
A) Because the U.S. government was using it as a storage site for garbage
B) Because they wanted to find treasure their ancestors had buried in it
C) Because they wanted to give it to the Hispanic people
D) Because it was an important place of worship for their tribe and helped to preserve their culture.
  • 68. What is considered New Mexico’s number-one problem?
A) A lack of government leadership
B) Excess water
C) Land shortage
D) Water shortage
  • 69. Why does government exist?
A) To promote the public good
B) To take away the people’s rights
C) To force citizens to obey laws
D) To settle disputes between neighbors
  • 70. Which of the following governments is not supported in the U.S. and New Mexico constitutions?
A) Tribal
B) Federal
C) Provincial
D) Local
  • 71. Which of the following statements is true?
A) You have rights with no responsibilities.
B) You have responsibilities with no rights.
C) You have no rights or responsibilities.
D) You have responsibilities because of your rights.
  • 72. Which of the following is not a right guaranteed by the Bill of Rights ?
A) Freedom of Religion
B) Freedom of Speech
C) Trial by Jury
D) Choice of Judge
  • 73. What are the three branches of government?
A) General, executive, judicial
B) Legislative, executive, judicial
C) Legislative, general, judicial
D) Legislative, executive, general
  • 74. Which document outlines the structure and function of the state legislature?
A) The Declaration of Independence
B) The Federalist Papers
C) The New Mexico Constitution
D) The U.S. Constitution
  • 75. Who determines the structure and function of tribal government?
A) Each Indian tribe
B) The federal government
C) The Supreme Court
D) New Mexico’s state government
  • 76. What is critical to the success of a democratic society?
A) Unfair voting restrictions
B) New laws to discuss
C) Disagreements
D) Sound leadership
  • 77. Which is not an example of trade?
A) Exchanging your old hoodie for your friend’s baseball cap
B) Taking something without paying for it
C) Buying lunch
D) Selling your old bicycle
  • 78. What is the most widely accepted form of exchange in most countries?
A) gold and silver
B) batering
C) money
D) begging
  • 79. Which of the following is not something that banks do?
A) Help people manage their money
B) Use your money to go on vacations
C) Pay people interest for keeping money in the bank
D) Provide loans for people
  • 80. What is a free enterprise market system?
A) An economic system where supply and demand determine value and price
B) An economic system where the governor determines value and price
C) An economic system where all goods and services are free of charge
D) An economic system completely controlled by the government
  • 81. What other economic systems are found in New Mexico?
A) Traditional economies
B) Tribal economies
C) Animal-powered economies
D) Command economies
  • 82. Our free enterprise system directly impacts decisions at all of the following levels of government except:
A) Provincial government
B) State government
C) Local government
D) Tribal government
  • 83. Relying on others to make products we need in exchange for the products we specialize in is:
A) specialization
B) interdependence
C) cultural awareness
D) economic sharing
  • 84. What does tourism do for our state’s economy?
A) it hurts the economy
B) it does not impact the economy
C) it helps the economy
D) there is no tourism in NM
  • 85. Which resource do we not have enough of to meet our needs?
A) water
B) bread
C) chilies
D) coal
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