NM HISTORY FINAL EXAM
  • 1. What do historians study to learn about the past?
A) Primary and secondary sources from one person’s perspective
B) Primary and secondary sources from multiple perspectives
C) Only secondary sources
D) Only primary sources
  • 2. Why is it important to study history from multiple perspectives?
A) Because you can learn more about historic events
B) Because the first perspective is always wrong
C) Because it is a state law
D) Because studying only one perspective would be boring
  • 3. What makes someone a historical thinker?
A) Someone who creates his or her own history
B) Someone who enjoys history
C) Someone who questions history and draws conclusions
D) Someone who wants to live just like people did in the past
  • 4. What is geography?
A) The study of plants and animals and their habitats
B) The study of the earth's land, water, people, plants and animals
C) The study of weather patterns over time
D) The study of rocks and minerals
  • 5. The five themes of geography are:
A) North America, South America, Europe, Asia, and Africa
B) Deciduous, coniferous, Mediterranean, maritime, and arctic
C) Igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic, lava, and sand
D) Location, place, human-environment interaction, movement, and region
  • 6. TheUnited States is divided into regions because:
A) The regions are next to each other.
B) The regions are all in the South.
C) The regions share at least one common feature.
D) The regions are all by the ocean.
  • 7. Some of the tools geographers use are:
A) Barometers, sextons, wind socks, and altimeters
B) Calipers, scales, plumb bobs, and rulers
C) Maps, globes, satellite imagery, and aerial photographs
D) Humidifiers, seismographs, x-rays, and sonographs
  • 8. New Mexico is part of the Southwest region with which other states?
A) Colorado, Wyoming, and Montana
B) Utah, Colorado, and Arizona
C) Texas, Oklahoma and Arizona
D) California, Nevada, and Arizona
  • 9. The four provinces of New Mexico are:
A) Rocky Mountains, Colorado Plateau, Great Plains, and Basin and Range
B) Desert, Mountain, River, and Lake
C) Antelope, Snakes, Bats, and Rodents
D) Sunshine, Monsoon, Dust Storm, and Wind
  • 10. How are life zone's determined?
A) By latitude
B) By longitude
C) By elevation
D) By rock type
  • 11. What is New Mexico’s most precious resource?
A) gold
B) uranium
C) sunshine
D) Water
  • 12. New Mexico is in what two hemispheres?
A) Northern and Western
B) Northern and Eastern
C) Southern and Eastern
D) Southern and Western
  • 13. Which item is a secondary source?
A) A history textbook
B) A shoe
C) A photograph
D) A diary
  • 14. What is the role of an archaeologist?
A) To study prehistoric people
B) To write about modern people
C) To investigate crime scenes
D) To hunt for food
  • 15. Which of the following statements is not correct?
A) The Paleo people made Clovis points.
B) The Paleo people were nomadic.
C) The Paleo people hunted very large animals.
D) The Paleo people lived in pit houses.
  • 16. Which of the following was not an innovation of the Archaic people?
A) Pit houses
B) Mano and metate
C) Atlatl
D) Pueblo houses
  • 17. The Mogollon people were first to do what in New Mexico?
A) Hunt
B) Build pueblos
C) Farm full time
D) Live the nomadic lifestyle
  • 18. What did the Ancestral Puebloans do to meet the growing need for housing?
A) They began to build multi-level pit houses.
B) They spread out across more of the land.
C) They began to build multi-level pueblos.
D) They moved west for more land.
  • 19. Which of the following statements about Chaco Canyon is not true?
A) It is an Ancestral Puebloan city.
B) t was made by modern Apache Indians.
C) It has many pueblo houses.
D) Its largest city was Pueblo Bonito.
  • 20. The Diné people developed into which two groups of people?
A) The Navajo and Apache
B) The Folsom and Clovis people
C) The Paleo and Archaic people
D) The Mogollon and Ancestral Puebloans
  • 21. Which tribe is the largest group of Native Americans in New Mexico and the second-largest group of Native Americans in the United States?
A) Apache
B) Mogollon
C) Navajo
D) Archaic
  • 22. What were the Apache best known for?
A) Being the first farmers
B) Being skilled craftsmen
C) Being fierce warriors
D) Being great musicians
  • 23. Kivas were used for all of the following except:
A) Storage
B) Religion
C) Ceremonies
D) A gathering place
  • 24. What led to Mexico’s independence from Spain?
A) Help from Americans in the Spanish American War
B) Corrupt government practices
C) A desire to stay with Spain
D) Power struggles
  • 25. What happened in New Mexico after Mexico gained independence from Spain?
A) New Mexico experienced political instability.
B) New Mexico became part of the United States.
C) Spain fought Mexico for New Mexico.
D) New Mexico gave land to the United States.
  • 26. What did more trade routes and an increase in trade do for New Mexico?
A) It increased New Mexico’s crime rate.
B) It decreased job opportunities.
C) It did not help or hurt New Mexico.
D) It made New Mexico less isolated.
  • 27. What was the cause of the Chimayo Rebellion?
A) An attack from Mexico over new trade laws
B) Political corruption and public greed
C) There was no rebellion in 1837
D) An unpopular governor implementing new tax policies
  • 28. What created tense relations between Texans and New Mexicans?
A) Preferential treatment from Mexico
B) Desire for more land
C) Unfair trading practices
D) There were good relations
  • 29. What started the Mexican American War of 1846?
A) United States annexed Texas
B) Corrupt government in Mexico
C) Border disputes over Texas
D) Dishonest Mexican peace delegates
  • 30. What did Mexico agree to in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?
A) To give the United States a third of its land, including New Mexico
B) To give the United States a third of its land, not including New Mexico
C) To have peace with the United States for 10 years
D) To give the United States New Mexico but nothing else
  • 31. Which of the following is not true about the Mexican American War?
A) It started with the peaceful surrender of General Armijo.
B) It was sparked by disputes over the Texas border.
C) During a rebellion, Governor Bent was killed.
D) Mexico won the war.
  • 32. How did New Mexicans feel about slavery in their territory?
A) All New Mexicans did not want slavery.
B) Slavery was not an issue if New Mexico
C) All New Mexicans wanted slavery.
D) Some New Mexicans wanted slavery and some did not.
  • 33. What happened after Carson used a scorched-earth campaign to force the Indians to surrender?
A) The Indians endured the Navajo Long Walk and confinement at Bosque Redondo
B) The Indians endured the Trail of Tears and confinement at Bosque Redondo.
C) The Indians joined with the Confederates.
D) The Indians were given adequate supplies.
  • 34. Which Indian tribes fought against the Americans to keep their way of life?
A) Pueblo and Navajo
B) Navajo and Taos
C) Navajo and Apache
D) Apache and Pueblo
  • 35. Why did the Confederates want the Southwest?
A) To live somewhere new
B) To appease their soldiers
C) To prove they could conquer it
D) To pay for the war
  • 36. How did the white people try to make the Indian culture appear more like their own?
A) They made it against the law for Indians to speak any language besides English.
B) They made it against the law for tribes to participate in any tribal ceremonies unless a white person was there.
C) They created boarding schools for the Indian children to learn the ways of white people.
D) They made friends with the Indians and showed them what they thought were more efficient ways of living.
  • 37. Which of the following is not one of the trails from New Mexico to California?
A) Cooke’s Wagon Road
B) Maxwell Overland Trail
C) Butterfield Overland Trail
D) Old Spanish Trail
  • 38. People came to New Mexico for a lot of these reasons except:
A) To learn Spanish
B) To get a new start
C) To get gold
D) To buy cheap land
  • 39. Which religion faced challenges from new missionaries and their new bishop?
A) The Catholic religion
B) The Protestant religion
C) The Jewish religion
D) The Muslim religion
  • 40. The government gave land to settlers, but what problem did the settlers have in eastern New Mexico?
A) They had too many crops to sell.
B) Farming was difficult in that area.
C) There was too much rainfall.
D) The ground was too fertile.
  • 41. Which of the following were not helped by the railroad?
A) Business owners
B) Tourists
C) Los Hermanos Penitentes
D) Families wanting to move to the territory
  • 42. All of the following contributed to New Mexico’s lawlessness except:
A) Few judges
B) Few lawmen
C) Few guns
D) Many places to hide
  • 43. Which war was sparked by a conflict over political and economic power in New Mexico Territory?
A) The Civil War
B) The Colfax County War
C) The Spanish American War
D) The Lincoln County War
  • 44. Disputes over land grants and water rights often resulted in what?
A) Friendships
B) Peace treaties
C) Violence
D) Trade
  • 45. For how many years was New Mexico a territory?
A) 62 years
B) 16 years
C) 26 years
D) 61 years
  • 46. Which of the following was not an issue in New Mexico becoming a state?
A) Violence of the Wild West
B) Concerns about loyalty
C) Population size
D) Concerns about corruption
  • 47. What did New Mexicans do in the Spanish American War to prove their loyalty?
A) Only sent supplies
B) Fought in the Rough Riders
C) Refused to fight
D) Sent letters of encouragement
  • 48. New Mexico was the ___ state to join the United States.
A) 26th
B) 34th
C) 45th
D) 47th
  • 49. What strained relations between Mexico and the United States?
A) The U.S. Army’s surrender to Mexico during the Mexican Expedition
B) Mexico taking land from the United States
C) The U.S. Army’s pursuit of Pancho Villa
D) Mexico’s pursuit of the U.S. Army
  • 50. Which of the following is not an example of how New Mexico contributed to World War I?
A) NewMexicousedsomeofitslandastraining camps for soldiers.
B) Women helped run farms and ranches while the men were away at war.
C) Farmers and ranchers raised and produced food to feed troops.
D) New Mexico only allowed men to help with the war.
  • 51. Why are the 1920s remembered as a time of prosperity?
A) Because it was a time of many world wars
B) Because it was a time when many were losing their jobs and living in poverty
C) Because it was a decade of economic and cultural growth for New Mexico and the United States
D) Because that is what the government said it should be called
  • 52. What is Black Tuesday?
A) The day World War II started
B) The day of the worst stock market crash in history
C) The day the sun did not shine for 24 hours
D) The day when African Americans received equal rights
  • 53. Which of the following was not a cause of the Great Depression?
A) Many companies went bankrupt
B) Many people lost their jobs
C) Many new businesses and jobs were created
D) The stock market crash
  • 54. What was the goal of the Indian Reorganization Act?
A) To reorganize Native Americans onto smaller reservations
B) To take more land from Native Americans
C) To try and fix problems for Native Americans that were created by earlier policies
D) To try and make Native Americans live like white men
  • 55. How did NM help during WWII?
A) By refusing to send men to fight in the war
B) By only providing supplies to the US military
C) by only providing women to fight in the war
D) By providing soldiers, suppplies, and new weapons to the US
  • 56. In what state ws the Manhattan Project located?
A) California
B) Arizona
C) New Mexico
D) Texas
  • 57. Why were all people of Japenese descent who lived on the west Coast put in internment camps?
A) The government wanted to keep Japanese Americans safe from attacks by other Americans
B) Some people thought Japanese Americans living on the West Coast might give information or help to Japan during the war.
C) Hitler ordered the US government to do it
D) The government did not want Japanese soldiers to kidnap Japanese Americans.
  • 58. What ended World War II in Japan?
A) The attack on Pearl Harbor
B) Dropping atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
C) The surrender of German armies
D) Dropping atomic bombs on Germany and Italy
  • 59. What did the war do for New Mexico’s economy?
A) It created jobs for New Mexicans, and many cities in New Mexico grew.
B) It increased debt and caused more businesses to close.
C) It caused more people to lose their jobs
D) t only created jobs for women and children New Mexico.
  • 60. What war began at the end of World War II?
A) World War III
B) The Cold War
C) The Korean War
D) The Vietnam War
  • 61. What two wars were part of the Cold War?
A) World War II and the Pearl Harbor War
B) The Iraq and Afghanistan wars
C) The Korean and Vietnam wars
D) The Vietnam War and World War III
  • 62. Which of the following is not true regarding New Mexico’s contributions during the Cold War?
A) The New Mexican government would only allow missiles to be tested in New Mexico but refused to test bombs in the state.
B) Air bases and tunnels in New Mexico were used to store atomic bombs.
C) New Mexican laboratories invented nuclear bombs, missiles, and other important weapons.
D) Bombs and weapons were invented and tested in New Mexico.
  • 63. Who participated in the arms race and space race?
A) The United States and the Soviet Union
B) The United States and Japan
C) The Soviet Union and Germany
D) The United States and Germany
  • 64. What brought more people to New Mexico during the Cold War?
A) Tourism
B) Many people knew New Mexico had plenty of land to hide from Communists
C) The promise of greater wealth by working for the Soviet government
D) Job opportunities in the military, national labs, and mining industries
  • 65. What was the Civil Rights Movement?
A) The time period between the end of World War II and the beginning of the Vietnam War
B) The title of the famous speech given by Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr.
C) The efforts of white people in New Mexico to give the black and Hispanic populations equal rights
D) The efforts of blacks to challenge the discrimination they faced in parts of New Mexico and across the country
  • 66. What was the goal of La Alianza?
A) To give more land to the U.S. government
B) To get better working conditions for farm workers
C) To allow Hispanic students to speak Spanish in school
D) To reclaim lost land grants
  • 67. Why did the Pueblo Indians fight for ownership of Blue Lake?
A) Because the U.S. government was using it as a storage site for garbage
B) Because they wanted to give it to the Hispanic people
C) Because they wanted to find treasure their ancestors had buried in it
D) Because it was an important place of worship for their tribe and helped to preserve their culture.
  • 68. What is considered New Mexico’s number-one problem?
A) Water shortage
B) A lack of government leadership
C) Excess water
D) Land shortage
  • 69. Why does government exist?
A) To take away the people’s rights
B) To force citizens to obey laws
C) To promote the public good
D) To settle disputes between neighbors
  • 70. Which of the following governments is not supported in the U.S. and New Mexico constitutions?
A) Federal
B) Provincial
C) Tribal
D) Local
  • 71. Which of the following statements is true?
A) You have no rights or responsibilities.
B) You have rights with no responsibilities.
C) You have responsibilities with no rights.
D) You have responsibilities because of your rights.
  • 72. Which of the following is not a right guaranteed by the Bill of Rights ?
A) Choice of Judge
B) Freedom of Speech
C) Freedom of Religion
D) Trial by Jury
  • 73. What are the three branches of government?
A) Legislative, executive, general
B) Legislative, general, judicial
C) General, executive, judicial
D) Legislative, executive, judicial
  • 74. Which document outlines the structure and function of the state legislature?
A) The Federalist Papers
B) The U.S. Constitution
C) The Declaration of Independence
D) The New Mexico Constitution
  • 75. Who determines the structure and function of tribal government?
A) The federal government
B) New Mexico’s state government
C) Each Indian tribe
D) The Supreme Court
  • 76. What is critical to the success of a democratic society?
A) New laws to discuss
B) Unfair voting restrictions
C) Sound leadership
D) Disagreements
  • 77. Which is not an example of trade?
A) Exchanging your old hoodie for your friend’s baseball cap
B) Taking something without paying for it
C) Buying lunch
D) Selling your old bicycle
  • 78. What is the most widely accepted form of exchange in most countries?
A) gold and silver
B) batering
C) begging
D) money
  • 79. Which of the following is not something that banks do?
A) Pay people interest for keeping money in the bank
B) Provide loans for people
C) Use your money to go on vacations
D) Help people manage their money
  • 80. What is a free enterprise market system?
A) An economic system where supply and demand determine value and price
B) An economic system where the governor determines value and price
C) An economic system where all goods and services are free of charge
D) An economic system completely controlled by the government
  • 81. What other economic systems are found in New Mexico?
A) Animal-powered economies
B) Tribal economies
C) Traditional economies
D) Command economies
  • 82. Our free enterprise system directly impacts decisions at all of the following levels of government except:
A) State government
B) Provincial government
C) Tribal government
D) Local government
  • 83. Relying on others to make products we need in exchange for the products we specialize in is:
A) cultural awareness
B) specialization
C) economic sharing
D) interdependence
  • 84. What does tourism do for our state’s economy?
A) it does not impact the economy
B) it hurts the economy
C) it helps the economy
D) there is no tourism in NM
  • 85. Which resource do we not have enough of to meet our needs?
A) coal
B) chilies
C) bread
D) water
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