NM HISTORY FINAL EXAM
  • 1. What do historians study to learn about the past?
A) Primary and secondary sources from one person’s perspective
B) Only primary sources
C) Only secondary sources
D) Primary and secondary sources from multiple perspectives
  • 2. Why is it important to study history from multiple perspectives?
A) Because you can learn more about historic events
B) Because the first perspective is always wrong
C) Because studying only one perspective would be boring
D) Because it is a state law
  • 3. What makes someone a historical thinker?
A) Someone who creates his or her own history
B) Someone who wants to live just like people did in the past
C) Someone who questions history and draws conclusions
D) Someone who enjoys history
  • 4. What is geography?
A) The study of plants and animals and their habitats
B) The study of rocks and minerals
C) The study of the earth's land, water, people, plants and animals
D) The study of weather patterns over time
  • 5. The five themes of geography are:
A) North America, South America, Europe, Asia, and Africa
B) Deciduous, coniferous, Mediterranean, maritime, and arctic
C) Igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic, lava, and sand
D) Location, place, human-environment interaction, movement, and region
  • 6. TheUnited States is divided into regions because:
A) The regions are all by the ocean.
B) The regions are all in the South.
C) The regions are next to each other.
D) The regions share at least one common feature.
  • 7. Some of the tools geographers use are:
A) Calipers, scales, plumb bobs, and rulers
B) Barometers, sextons, wind socks, and altimeters
C) Maps, globes, satellite imagery, and aerial photographs
D) Humidifiers, seismographs, x-rays, and sonographs
  • 8. New Mexico is part of the Southwest region with which other states?
A) Colorado, Wyoming, and Montana
B) Texas, Oklahoma and Arizona
C) California, Nevada, and Arizona
D) Utah, Colorado, and Arizona
  • 9. The four provinces of New Mexico are:
A) Antelope, Snakes, Bats, and Rodents
B) Rocky Mountains, Colorado Plateau, Great Plains, and Basin and Range
C) Sunshine, Monsoon, Dust Storm, and Wind
D) Desert, Mountain, River, and Lake
  • 10. How are life zone's determined?
A) By elevation
B) By latitude
C) By longitude
D) By rock type
  • 11. What is New Mexico’s most precious resource?
A) gold
B) sunshine
C) uranium
D) Water
  • 12. New Mexico is in what two hemispheres?
A) Southern and Western
B) Northern and Eastern
C) Southern and Eastern
D) Northern and Western
  • 13. Which item is a secondary source?
A) A photograph
B) A diary
C) A shoe
D) A history textbook
  • 14. What is the role of an archaeologist?
A) To write about modern people
B) To investigate crime scenes
C) To study prehistoric people
D) To hunt for food
  • 15. Which of the following statements is not correct?
A) The Paleo people lived in pit houses.
B) The Paleo people were nomadic.
C) The Paleo people hunted very large animals.
D) The Paleo people made Clovis points.
  • 16. Which of the following was not an innovation of the Archaic people?
A) Pueblo houses
B) Atlatl
C) Pit houses
D) Mano and metate
  • 17. The Mogollon people were first to do what in New Mexico?
A) Live the nomadic lifestyle
B) Build pueblos
C) Farm full time
D) Hunt
  • 18. What did the Ancestral Puebloans do to meet the growing need for housing?
A) They spread out across more of the land.
B) They began to build multi-level pueblos.
C) They began to build multi-level pit houses.
D) They moved west for more land.
  • 19. Which of the following statements about Chaco Canyon is not true?
A) Its largest city was Pueblo Bonito.
B) It is an Ancestral Puebloan city.
C) t was made by modern Apache Indians.
D) It has many pueblo houses.
  • 20. The Diné people developed into which two groups of people?
A) The Mogollon and Ancestral Puebloans
B) The Navajo and Apache
C) The Paleo and Archaic people
D) The Folsom and Clovis people
  • 21. Which tribe is the largest group of Native Americans in New Mexico and the second-largest group of Native Americans in the United States?
A) Navajo
B) Archaic
C) Apache
D) Mogollon
  • 22. What were the Apache best known for?
A) Being fierce warriors
B) Being great musicians
C) Being skilled craftsmen
D) Being the first farmers
  • 23. Kivas were used for all of the following except:
A) Ceremonies
B) A gathering place
C) Religion
D) Storage
  • 24. What led to Mexico’s independence from Spain?
A) Help from Americans in the Spanish American War
B) A desire to stay with Spain
C) Power struggles
D) Corrupt government practices
  • 25. What happened in New Mexico after Mexico gained independence from Spain?
A) Spain fought Mexico for New Mexico.
B) New Mexico experienced political instability.
C) New Mexico became part of the United States.
D) New Mexico gave land to the United States.
  • 26. What did more trade routes and an increase in trade do for New Mexico?
A) It decreased job opportunities.
B) It did not help or hurt New Mexico.
C) It increased New Mexico’s crime rate.
D) It made New Mexico less isolated.
  • 27. What was the cause of the Chimayo Rebellion?
A) An unpopular governor implementing new tax policies
B) There was no rebellion in 1837
C) Political corruption and public greed
D) An attack from Mexico over new trade laws
  • 28. What created tense relations between Texans and New Mexicans?
A) There were good relations
B) Desire for more land
C) Preferential treatment from Mexico
D) Unfair trading practices
  • 29. What started the Mexican American War of 1846?
A) Dishonest Mexican peace delegates
B) Corrupt government in Mexico
C) Border disputes over Texas
D) United States annexed Texas
  • 30. What did Mexico agree to in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?
A) To give the United States New Mexico but nothing else
B) To give the United States a third of its land, including New Mexico
C) To give the United States a third of its land, not including New Mexico
D) To have peace with the United States for 10 years
  • 31. Which of the following is not true about the Mexican American War?
A) It started with the peaceful surrender of General Armijo.
B) Mexico won the war.
C) During a rebellion, Governor Bent was killed.
D) It was sparked by disputes over the Texas border.
  • 32. How did New Mexicans feel about slavery in their territory?
A) Slavery was not an issue if New Mexico
B) All New Mexicans did not want slavery.
C) All New Mexicans wanted slavery.
D) Some New Mexicans wanted slavery and some did not.
  • 33. What happened after Carson used a scorched-earth campaign to force the Indians to surrender?
A) The Indians endured the Navajo Long Walk and confinement at Bosque Redondo
B) The Indians were given adequate supplies.
C) The Indians joined with the Confederates.
D) The Indians endured the Trail of Tears and confinement at Bosque Redondo.
  • 34. Which Indian tribes fought against the Americans to keep their way of life?
A) Navajo and Taos
B) Navajo and Apache
C) Pueblo and Navajo
D) Apache and Pueblo
  • 35. Why did the Confederates want the Southwest?
A) To appease their soldiers
B) To prove they could conquer it
C) To live somewhere new
D) To pay for the war
  • 36. How did the white people try to make the Indian culture appear more like their own?
A) They made friends with the Indians and showed them what they thought were more efficient ways of living.
B) They made it against the law for Indians to speak any language besides English.
C) They created boarding schools for the Indian children to learn the ways of white people.
D) They made it against the law for tribes to participate in any tribal ceremonies unless a white person was there.
  • 37. Which of the following is not one of the trails from New Mexico to California?
A) Old Spanish Trail
B) Butterfield Overland Trail
C) Cooke’s Wagon Road
D) Maxwell Overland Trail
  • 38. People came to New Mexico for a lot of these reasons except:
A) To learn Spanish
B) To buy cheap land
C) To get gold
D) To get a new start
  • 39. Which religion faced challenges from new missionaries and their new bishop?
A) The Muslim religion
B) The Jewish religion
C) The Catholic religion
D) The Protestant religion
  • 40. The government gave land to settlers, but what problem did the settlers have in eastern New Mexico?
A) There was too much rainfall.
B) They had too many crops to sell.
C) Farming was difficult in that area.
D) The ground was too fertile.
  • 41. Which of the following were not helped by the railroad?
A) Business owners
B) Families wanting to move to the territory
C) Los Hermanos Penitentes
D) Tourists
  • 42. All of the following contributed to New Mexico’s lawlessness except:
A) Few guns
B) Many places to hide
C) Few lawmen
D) Few judges
  • 43. Which war was sparked by a conflict over political and economic power in New Mexico Territory?
A) The Colfax County War
B) The Spanish American War
C) The Lincoln County War
D) The Civil War
  • 44. Disputes over land grants and water rights often resulted in what?
A) Trade
B) Friendships
C) Peace treaties
D) Violence
  • 45. For how many years was New Mexico a territory?
A) 62 years
B) 61 years
C) 16 years
D) 26 years
  • 46. Which of the following was not an issue in New Mexico becoming a state?
A) Concerns about loyalty
B) Violence of the Wild West
C) Population size
D) Concerns about corruption
  • 47. What did New Mexicans do in the Spanish American War to prove their loyalty?
A) Only sent supplies
B) Sent letters of encouragement
C) Fought in the Rough Riders
D) Refused to fight
  • 48. New Mexico was the ___ state to join the United States.
A) 34th
B) 26th
C) 47th
D) 45th
  • 49. What strained relations between Mexico and the United States?
A) Mexico taking land from the United States
B) Mexico’s pursuit of the U.S. Army
C) The U.S. Army’s surrender to Mexico during the Mexican Expedition
D) The U.S. Army’s pursuit of Pancho Villa
  • 50. Which of the following is not an example of how New Mexico contributed to World War I?
A) Women helped run farms and ranches while the men were away at war.
B) New Mexico only allowed men to help with the war.
C) NewMexicousedsomeofitslandastraining camps for soldiers.
D) Farmers and ranchers raised and produced food to feed troops.
  • 51. Why are the 1920s remembered as a time of prosperity?
A) Because it was a time of many world wars
B) Because it was a decade of economic and cultural growth for New Mexico and the United States
C) Because it was a time when many were losing their jobs and living in poverty
D) Because that is what the government said it should be called
  • 52. What is Black Tuesday?
A) The day World War II started
B) The day of the worst stock market crash in history
C) The day when African Americans received equal rights
D) The day the sun did not shine for 24 hours
  • 53. Which of the following was not a cause of the Great Depression?
A) Many companies went bankrupt
B) The stock market crash
C) Many new businesses and jobs were created
D) Many people lost their jobs
  • 54. What was the goal of the Indian Reorganization Act?
A) To try and fix problems for Native Americans that were created by earlier policies
B) To reorganize Native Americans onto smaller reservations
C) To take more land from Native Americans
D) To try and make Native Americans live like white men
  • 55. How did NM help during WWII?
A) by only providing women to fight in the war
B) By only providing supplies to the US military
C) By providing soldiers, suppplies, and new weapons to the US
D) By refusing to send men to fight in the war
  • 56. In what state ws the Manhattan Project located?
A) Arizona
B) New Mexico
C) California
D) Texas
  • 57. Why were all people of Japenese descent who lived on the west Coast put in internment camps?
A) The government wanted to keep Japanese Americans safe from attacks by other Americans
B) Some people thought Japanese Americans living on the West Coast might give information or help to Japan during the war.
C) The government did not want Japanese soldiers to kidnap Japanese Americans.
D) Hitler ordered the US government to do it
  • 58. What ended World War II in Japan?
A) Dropping atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
B) The attack on Pearl Harbor
C) The surrender of German armies
D) Dropping atomic bombs on Germany and Italy
  • 59. What did the war do for New Mexico’s economy?
A) It caused more people to lose their jobs
B) t only created jobs for women and children New Mexico.
C) It created jobs for New Mexicans, and many cities in New Mexico grew.
D) It increased debt and caused more businesses to close.
  • 60. What war began at the end of World War II?
A) The Vietnam War
B) The Cold War
C) The Korean War
D) World War III
  • 61. What two wars were part of the Cold War?
A) The Vietnam War and World War III
B) World War II and the Pearl Harbor War
C) The Iraq and Afghanistan wars
D) The Korean and Vietnam wars
  • 62. Which of the following is not true regarding New Mexico’s contributions during the Cold War?
A) Air bases and tunnels in New Mexico were used to store atomic bombs.
B) Bombs and weapons were invented and tested in New Mexico.
C) New Mexican laboratories invented nuclear bombs, missiles, and other important weapons.
D) The New Mexican government would only allow missiles to be tested in New Mexico but refused to test bombs in the state.
  • 63. Who participated in the arms race and space race?
A) The United States and Germany
B) The Soviet Union and Germany
C) The United States and Japan
D) The United States and the Soviet Union
  • 64. What brought more people to New Mexico during the Cold War?
A) Job opportunities in the military, national labs, and mining industries
B) The promise of greater wealth by working for the Soviet government
C) Many people knew New Mexico had plenty of land to hide from Communists
D) Tourism
  • 65. What was the Civil Rights Movement?
A) The time period between the end of World War II and the beginning of the Vietnam War
B) The efforts of white people in New Mexico to give the black and Hispanic populations equal rights
C) The title of the famous speech given by Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr.
D) The efforts of blacks to challenge the discrimination they faced in parts of New Mexico and across the country
  • 66. What was the goal of La Alianza?
A) To reclaim lost land grants
B) To allow Hispanic students to speak Spanish in school
C) To get better working conditions for farm workers
D) To give more land to the U.S. government
  • 67. Why did the Pueblo Indians fight for ownership of Blue Lake?
A) Because the U.S. government was using it as a storage site for garbage
B) Because it was an important place of worship for their tribe and helped to preserve their culture.
C) Because they wanted to give it to the Hispanic people
D) Because they wanted to find treasure their ancestors had buried in it
  • 68. What is considered New Mexico’s number-one problem?
A) Land shortage
B) A lack of government leadership
C) Water shortage
D) Excess water
  • 69. Why does government exist?
A) To settle disputes between neighbors
B) To promote the public good
C) To force citizens to obey laws
D) To take away the people’s rights
  • 70. Which of the following governments is not supported in the U.S. and New Mexico constitutions?
A) Local
B) Tribal
C) Federal
D) Provincial
  • 71. Which of the following statements is true?
A) You have responsibilities because of your rights.
B) You have rights with no responsibilities.
C) You have responsibilities with no rights.
D) You have no rights or responsibilities.
  • 72. Which of the following is not a right guaranteed by the Bill of Rights ?
A) Choice of Judge
B) Trial by Jury
C) Freedom of Religion
D) Freedom of Speech
  • 73. What are the three branches of government?
A) Legislative, executive, general
B) Legislative, general, judicial
C) General, executive, judicial
D) Legislative, executive, judicial
  • 74. Which document outlines the structure and function of the state legislature?
A) The U.S. Constitution
B) The Declaration of Independence
C) The New Mexico Constitution
D) The Federalist Papers
  • 75. Who determines the structure and function of tribal government?
A) Each Indian tribe
B) New Mexico’s state government
C) The federal government
D) The Supreme Court
  • 76. What is critical to the success of a democratic society?
A) Disagreements
B) New laws to discuss
C) Sound leadership
D) Unfair voting restrictions
  • 77. Which is not an example of trade?
A) Exchanging your old hoodie for your friend’s baseball cap
B) Taking something without paying for it
C) Selling your old bicycle
D) Buying lunch
  • 78. What is the most widely accepted form of exchange in most countries?
A) money
B) batering
C) gold and silver
D) begging
  • 79. Which of the following is not something that banks do?
A) Help people manage their money
B) Pay people interest for keeping money in the bank
C) Use your money to go on vacations
D) Provide loans for people
  • 80. What is a free enterprise market system?
A) An economic system where all goods and services are free of charge
B) An economic system completely controlled by the government
C) An economic system where the governor determines value and price
D) An economic system where supply and demand determine value and price
  • 81. What other economic systems are found in New Mexico?
A) Command economies
B) Tribal economies
C) Animal-powered economies
D) Traditional economies
  • 82. Our free enterprise system directly impacts decisions at all of the following levels of government except:
A) Local government
B) Tribal government
C) Provincial government
D) State government
  • 83. Relying on others to make products we need in exchange for the products we specialize in is:
A) economic sharing
B) specialization
C) cultural awareness
D) interdependence
  • 84. What does tourism do for our state’s economy?
A) it hurts the economy
B) it does not impact the economy
C) it helps the economy
D) there is no tourism in NM
  • 85. Which resource do we not have enough of to meet our needs?
A) chilies
B) coal
C) water
D) bread
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